List of justices of the Supreme Court of Japan

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The Supreme Court of Japan is the highest court in Japan, composed of fifteen justices. The Chief Justice is nominated by the Cabinet and appointed to office by the Emperor, while associate justices are appointed by the Cabinet in attestation of the Emperor. The Judiciary Act fixes the total number of justices at 15, but allows the Court itself to specify how many justices sit on a petty bench. By law, at least ten out of the fifteen justices must have either ten years of combined experience as judges, or twenty years of combined experience as judges, lawyers, or professors. [1] : 1377 

Japan's bar associations are careful to select lawyers whose terms will be shorter than those of nominated former judges. (Potential justices are often 64 years old or above.) [2] This causes quick turnover of justices, which has resulted in a perception of the Court as a "nameless, faceless judiciary." [3]

After appointment, Supreme Court justices are subject to a "people's review": an automatic retention referendum in which the voters may remove the judge from office. A people's review occurs at the first election to the House of Representatives after a justice assumes office, when the question of whether his tenure should continue is put to voters on the ballot. The Supreme Court justice is then subject to a further people's review at the first lower house election after every ten years. As of April 2019, no Supreme Court justice has ever been dismissed by a people's review. [4]

Justices

This is a list of all 188 current and former justices of the modern Supreme Court of Japan. [5]

TitleNameTerm startTerm endTerm lengthUniversityNotes
Chief Justice Saburo Tokura June 23, 2022337 days Hitotsubashi Associate Justice, Supreme Court
Justice Akira Ojima July 5, 2022325 daysTokyoPresident, Osaka High Court
Justice Katsuya Uga March 20, 20194 years, 67 daysTokyoProfessor of Law
Justice Michiharu Hayashi September 2, 20193 years, 266 daysTokyoPresident, Tokyo High Court
Justice Kazumi Okamura October 2, 20193 years, 236 days Waseda Public Prosecutor, Supreme Public Prosecutors Office
Justice Yasumasa Nagamine February 8, 20212 years, 107 daysTokyoAmbassador of Japan to the United Kingdom
Justice Eriko Watanabe July 16, 20211 year, 314 days Tohoku Bar Examiner of the National Bar Examination Commission
Justice Masaki Oka September 3, 20211 year, 265 daysTokyoOutside Director, Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation
Justice Ryōsuke Yasunami July 16, 20211 year, 314 daysTokyoPresident, Osaka High Court
Justice Toru Sakai September 3, 20211 year, 265 daysTokyoSuperintending Prosecutor, Tokyo High Public Prosecutors Office
Justice Atsushi Yamaguchi February 6, 20176 years, 109 days Tokyo Former attorney; member, Dai-ichi Tokyo Bar Association
Justice Kiyoko Okabe April 12, 2010March 19, 20198 years, 341 days Keio Former judge; professor, Keio University School of Law
Justice Tsuneyuki Yamamoto August 20, 2013September 25, 20196 years, 36 days Kyoto Civil servant. Director-General, the Cabinet Legislation Bureau
Justice Toshimitsu Yamasaki April 1, 2014August 30, 20195 years, 151 daysTokyoFormer assistant judge; President, Tokyo High Court.
Justice Masayuki Ikegami October 2, 2014August 28, 20218 years, 236 daysTohokuFormer prosecutor, Osaka High Public Prosecutors Office.
Justice Hiroshi Koike April 2, 2015July 2, 20218 years, 54 daysTokyoFormer assistant judge; President, Tokyo High Court
Justice Katsuyuki Kizawa July 19, 2016August 26, 20216 years, 311 daysRikkyoFormer attorney; Inspector of Kake Educational Institution
Justice Hiroyuki Kanno September 5, 2016July 2, 20216 years, 263 daysTohokuFormer judge; President, Osaka High Court
Justice Saburo Tokura March 14, 20176 years, 73 daysHitotsubashiServing as Chief Justice
Justice Keiichi Hayashi April 10, 2017February 7, 20216 years, 46 daysKyotoDiplomat, Ambassador to the United Kingdom
Justice Yuko Miyazaki January 9, 2018July 8, 20215 years, 137 daysTokyoProfessor, University of Tokyo
Justice Takuya Miyama January 9, 20185 years, 137 daysTokyoJudge; President, Tokyo High Court
Justice Mamoru Miura February 26, 20185 years, 89 daysTokyoProsecutor, Osaka High Public Prosecutors Office
Justice Koichi Kusano February 13, 20194 years, 102 daysKeio
Justice Takehiko Otani June 17, 2010March 9, 20176 years, 265 daysTokyoFormer judge. President, Osaka High Court.
Justice Masaharu Ōhashi February 13, 2012March 30, 20175 years, 45 daysTokyoAttorney; official in the Japanese Federation of Bar Associations (JFBA)
Justice Yoshinobu Onuki April 11, 2012January 16, 20185 years, 280 days Chuo Prosecutor; professor, Asia University
Justice Kaoru Onimaru February 6, 2013February 6, 20196 years, 0 daysTokyoAttorney; Chairperson of the Special Committee on the Rights of the Aged and Disabled
Justice Michiyoshi Kiuchi April 25, 2013January 1, 20184 years, 251 daysTokyoAttorney; Chairperson of the Project Team on the Hague Convention
Justice Katsumi Chiba December 28, 2009August 24, 20166 years, 240 daysTokyoJudge; President, Sendai High Court
Justice Koji Miyakawa [3] September 3, 2008February 27, 20123 years, 177 days Nagoya [6] Instructor at the Legal Training and Research Institute; attorney [6]
Justice Tokuji Izumi [7] November 6, 2002January 24, 20096 years, 79 daysKyotoJudge; President, Tokyo High Court
Chief Justice Niro Shimada [8] November 7, 2002November 21, 20086 years, 14 daysTokyoJudge; President, Osaka High Court
Justice Kazuko Yokoo [9] December 19, 2001September 11, 20086 years, 267 days ICU Diplomat; Ambassador of Japan to Ireland
Justice Chiharu Saiguchi [9] January 6, 2004September 2, 20084 years, 240 daysChūōAttorney; Member, Advisory Committee on Civil Rules of the Supreme Court
Justice Osamu Tsuno [9] February 26, 2004October 19, 20084 years, 236 daysKyotoBureaucrat; attorney; Director-General, Cabinet Legislation Bureau
Justice Shigeo Takii [9] June 11, 2002October 30, 20064 years, 141 daysKyoto [10] Attorney [10]
Justice Kohei Nasu May 25, 2006February 10, 20125 years, 261 daysTokyoAttorney; Chairperson of the Sub-Committee on Research of Japan Law Foundation
Justice Yoshiki Yamaura March 1, 2012July 3, 20164 years, 124 daysHitotsubashi
Chief Justice Itsuro Terada December 27, 2012January 8, 20185 years, 12 daysTokyo [11] Judge; son of 10th Chief Justice Jiro Terada. [12]
Justice Yuu Shiraki January 15, 2010February 14, 20155 years, 30 days
Justice Tomoyuki Yokota January 6, 2010October 1, 20144 years, 268 daysChuo
Justice Masahiko Sudo December 28, 2009December 26, 20122 years, 364 daysChuo [13]
Justice Seishi Kanetsuki January 26, 2009March 31, 20156 years, 64 daysTokyo [14] Judge; former President, Osaka High Court. [14]
Chief Justice Hironobu Takesaki November 25, 2008March 31, 20145 years, 126 days
Justice Yukio Takeuchi October 21, 2008July 19, 20134 years, 271 daysKyoto
Justice Ryuko Sakurai September 11, 2008January 15, 20178 years, 126 daysKyushu
Justice Takaharu Kondo May 23, 2007November 21, 20103 years, 182 days
Justice Mutsuo Tahara November 1, 2006April 22, 20136 years, 172 daysKyoto
Justice Norio Wakui October 16, 2006December 17, 20093 years, 62 daysKyoto
Justice Yuki Furuta August 2, 2005April 7, 20126 years, 249 days
Justice Yukio Horigome May 17, 2005June 15, 20105 years, 29 days
Justice Ryoji Nakagawa January 19, 2005December 22, 20094 years, 337 daysKanazawa
Justice Isao Imai December 27, 2004December 25, 20094 years, 363 daysKyoto
Justice Tatsuo Kainaka October 7, 2002January 1, 20107 years, 86 daysChuo
Justice Tokiyasu Fujita September 30, 2002April 5, 20107 years, 187 days
Justice Toyozo Ueda February 21, 2002May 22, 20075 years, 90 days
Justice Kunio Hamada May 1, 2001May 23, 20065 years, 22 days
Justice Takehisa Fukuzawa September 14, 2000January 4, 20043 years, 112 days
Chief Justice Akira Machida March 22, 2000October 15, 20066 years, 207 days
Justice Gen Kajitani April 21, 1999January 14, 20055 years, 268 days
Justice Masamichi Okuda April 1, 1999September 27, 20023 years, 179 days
Justice Tsugio Kameyama December 4, 1998February 25, 20045 years, 83 days
Justice Hiroharu Kitagawa September 10, 1998December 26, 20046 years, 107 days
Justice Toshihiro Kanatani October 31, 1997May 16, 20057 years, 197 days
Justice Takao Ode September 24, 1997December 19, 20014 years, 86 days
Justice Toshifumi Motohara September 8, 1997April 21, 20013 years, 225 days
Chief Justice Shigeru Yamaguchi March 10, 1997November 3, 20025 years, 238 days
Justice Masao Fujii November 7, 1995November 6, 20026 years, 364 days
Justice Hiroshi Fukuda September 4, 1995August 1, 20059 years, 331 days
Justice Kazutomo Ijima August 11, 1995October 6, 20027 years, 56 days
Justice Mitsuo Endo February 13, 1995September 12, 20005 years, 212 days
Justice Shinichi Kawai July 25, 1994June 10, 20027 years, 320 days
Justice Yukinobu Ozaki February 16, 1994April 18, 19995 years, 61 days
Justice Hisako Takahashi February 9, 1994September 20, 19973 years, 223 days
Justice Shigeharu Negishi January 11, 1994December 3, 19984 years, 326 days
Justice Hideo Chikusa September 13, 1993February 20, 20028 years, 160 days
Justice Masaru Oshiro April 13, 1993February 13, 19951 year, 306 days
Justice Masao Ono April 1, 1993September 2, 19974 years, 154 days
Chief Justice Toru Miyoshi March 25, 1992October 30, 19975 years, 219 days
Justice Motoo Ono February 13, 1992March 15, 20008 years, 31 days
Justice Katsuya Onishi May 13, 1991September 9, 19987 years, 119 days
Justice Osamu Mimura December 10, 1990February 6, 19943 years, 58 days
Justice Ryohei Kizaki September 3, 1990July 24, 19943 years, 324 days
Justice Tsuneo Kabe May 10, 1990March 8, 19976 years, 302 days
Justice Shoichiro Sato February 20, 1990February 15, 19943 years, 360 days
Justice Toshijiro Nakajima January 24, 1990September 1, 19955 years, 220 days
Justice Shirohei Hashimoto January 11, 1990April 12, 19933 years, 91 days
Chief Justice Ryohachi Kusaba November 27, 1989November 7, 19955 years, 345 days
Justice Itsuo Sonobe September 21, 1989March 31, 19999 years, 191 days
Justice Seiichi Ohori June 17, 1988August 10, 19957 years, 54 days
Justice Katsumi Teika March 17, 1988September 12, 19935 years, 179 days
Justice Hisayuki Okuno September 5, 1987August 26, 19902 years, 355 days
Justice Iwao Yotsuya January 28, 1987February 8, 19925 years, 11 days
Justice Tonosuke Hayashi June 13, 1986August 6, 19871 year, 54 days
Justice Tetsuro Sato May 21, 1986January 4, 19903 years, 228 days
Justice Toshio Sakaue January 17, 1986March 31, 19937 years, 73 days
Justice Yasukazu Kagawa January 17, 1986May 4, 19915 years, 107 days
Justice Tsuneo Ouchi November 5, 1985March 23, 19926 years, 139 days
Justice Akira Fujishima May 23, 1985January 1, 19948 years, 223 days
Justice Masuo Takashima December 17, 1984May 2, 19883 years, 137 days
Justice Atsushi Nagashima June 12, 1984March 16, 19883 years, 278 days
Justice Rokuro Shimatani May 8, 1984January 23, 19905 years, 260 days
Chief Justice Koichi Yaguchi February 20, 1984February 19, 19905 years, 364 days
Justice Reijiro Tsunoda November 8, 1983December 3, 19907 years, 25 days
Justice Mitsuhiko Yasuoka October 1, 1982May 4, 19907 years, 215 days
Justice Seiichi Wada August 16, 1982April 23, 19863 years, 250 days
Justice Keiji Maki May 28, 1982November 24, 19897 years, 180 days
Justice Hisaharu Kidoguchi April 12, 1982January 8, 19863 years, 271 days
Justice Susumu Ohashi November 2, 1981June 12, 19864 years, 222 days
Justice Masataka Taniguchi April 16, 1980January 27, 19876 years, 286 days
Chief Justice Jiro Terada March 22, 1980November 3, 19855 years, 226 daysFather of 18th Chief Justice Itsuro Terada. [12]
Justice Goichi Miyazaki February 6, 1980May 4, 19844 years, 88 days
Justice Masami Ito January 19, 1980September 20, 19899 years, 244 days
Justice Yasuyoshi Shiono April 2, 1979May 22, 19856 years, 50 days
Justice Shigeyori Tsukamoto April 2, 1979October 17, 19812 years, 198 days
Justice Tadayoshi Kinoshita March 1, 1979January 14, 19866 years, 319 days
Justice Daizo Yokoi September 22, 1978June 10, 19845 years, 262 days
Justice Jiro Nakamura September 22, 1978February 19, 19845 years, 150 days
Justice Hiromu Toda July 14, 1978March 25, 19801 year, 255 days
Justice Toru Motoyama August 26, 1977August 10, 19824 years, 349 days
Justice Masato Fujisaki April 5, 1977December 15, 19847 years, 254 days
Justice Kazuo Kurimoto May 25, 1976May 26, 19826 years, 1 day
Justice Shoichi Tamaki March 27, 1976April 11, 19826 years, 15 days
Chief Justice Takaaki Hattori December 3, 1975September 30, 19826 years, 301 days
Justice Yuzuru Motobayashi August 8, 1975March 30, 19793 years, 234 days
Justice Shigemitsu Dando October 4, 1974November 7, 19839 years, 34 days
Justice Yutaka Yoshida May 21, 1973February 28, 19795 years, 283 days
Justice Masami Takatsuji April 4, 1973January 18, 19806 years, 289 days
Justice Kiichiro Otsuka February 2, 1973February 4, 19807 years, 2 days
Justice Kiyoo Erikuchi January 9, 1973March 19, 19807 years, 70 days
Justice Yasuo Kishigami November 28, 1972September 21, 19785 years, 297 days
Justice Yoshikatsu Sakamoto December 7, 1971March 26, 19764 years, 110 days
Justice Buichi Amano May 21, 1971September 20, 19787 years, 122 days
Justice Seiichi Kishi April 2, 1971July 13, 19787 years, 102 days
Justice Takeso Shimoda January 12, 1971April 2, 19776 years, 80 days
Justice Nobuo Ogawa December 22, 1970August 6, 19754 years, 227 days
Chief Justice Masao Okahara October 28, 1970March 31, 19798 years, 154 days
Chief Justice Ekizo Fujibayashi July 31, 1970August 25, 19777 years, 25 days
Justice Kosato Sekine January 17, 1969December 2, 19756 years, 319 days
Chief Justice Tomokazu Murakami November 19, 1968May 24, 19767 years, 187 days
Justice Yoshimi Iimura September 20, 1967April 26, 19713 years, 218 days
Justice Masao Matsumoto January 17, 1967December 5, 19714 years, 322 days
Justice Kenichiro Osumi September 9, 1966October 1, 19748 years, 22 days
Justice Kotaro Irokawa May 10, 1966January 29, 19736 years, 264 days
Justice Kazuo Shimomura September 14, 1965January 1, 19737 years, 109 days
Justice Makoto Iwata August 31, 1964November 25, 19728 years, 86 days
Justice Jiro Matsuda January 31, 1964July 29, 19706 years, 179 days
Justice Jiro Tanaka January 16, 1964March 31, 19739 years, 74 days
Justice Goroku Kashihara December 13, 1963September 19, 19673 years, 280 days
Justice Yoshihiko Kido June 6, 1963December 19, 19707 years, 196 days
Chief Justice Kazuto Ishida June 6, 1963May 19, 19739 years, 347 days
Justice Kingo Osabe April 5, 1963March 31, 19717 years, 360 days
Justice Asanosuke Kusaka August 12, 1962October 24, 19708 years, 73 days
Justice Kitaro Saito May 29, 1962August 9, 19642 years, 72 days
Chief Justice Masatoshi Yokota February 28, 1962January 10, 19696 years, 317 days
Justice Kakiwa Gokijo August 26, 1961December 31, 19665 years, 127 days
Justice Sakunosuke Yamada December 27, 1960April 21, 19665 years, 115 days
Chief Justice Kisaburo Yokota October 25, 1960August 5, 19665 years, 284 days
Justice Shuichi Ishisaka June 28, 1958September 13, 19657 years, 77 days
Justice Tsuneshichi Takagi June 28, 1958March 14, 19634 years, 259 days
Justice Kiyoshi Takahashi January 30, 1957December 29, 19614 years, 333 days
Justice Kenichi Okuno November 22, 1956November 17, 196811 years, 361 days
Justice Masuo Shimoiizaka November 22, 1956January 28, 19647 years, 67 days
Justice Daisuke Kawamura November 22, 1956June 1, 19636 years, 191 days
Justice Katsumi Tarumi May 26, 1955November 14, 19638 years, 172 days
Justice Katsu Ikeda November 2, 1954May 22, 19638 years, 201 days
Justice Toshio Irie August 30, 1952January 9, 197118 years, 132 days
Justice Zentaro Motomura January 21, 1952January 14, 19574 years, 359 days
Justice Shunzo Kobayashi October 5, 1951June 2, 19586 years, 240 days
Justice Tadaichiro Tanimura April 12, 1951November 10, 19565 years, 212 days
Chief Justice Kotaro Tanaka March 3, 1950October 24, 196010 years, 235 days
Justice Shigeto Hozumi February 26, 1949July 29, 19512 years, 153 days
Justice Matasuke Kawamura August 4, 1947December 31, 196316 years, 149 days
Justice Saburo Iwamatsu August 4, 1947November 10, 19569 years, 98 days
Justice Hachiro Fujita August 4, 1947August 4, 196215 years, 0 days
Justice Yusuke Saito August 4, 1947May 20, 196214 years, 289 days
Justice Tamotsu Shima August 4, 1947August 24, 196114 years, 20 days
Justice Katsushige Kotani August 4, 1947December 23, 196013 years, 141 days
Justice Riichi Shono August 4, 1947June 28, 1948329 days
Justice Tsuyoshi Mano August 4, 1947June 8, 195810 years, 308 days
Justice Shigeru Kuriyama August 4, 1947October 5, 19569 years, 62 days
Justice Nobori Inoue August 4, 1947April 9, 19557 years, 248 days
Justice Seiichi Shimoyama August 4, 1947October 14, 19547 years, 71 days
Justice Takejiro Sawada August 4, 1947August 1, 19524 years, 363 days
Justice Taichiro Hasegawa August 4, 1947November 30, 19514 years, 118 days
Justice Naoyoshi Tsukasaki August 4, 1947February 14, 19513 years, 194 days
Chief Justice Tadahiko Mibuchi August 4, 1947March 2, 19502 years, 210 daysKyoto

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References

  1. ↑ Matsui, Shigenori (2011). "Why Is the Japanese Supreme Court So Conservative?". Washington University Law Review . Decision Making on the Japanese Supreme Court. 88 (6): 1375–1423. Retrieved 13 February 2019.
  2. ↑ Repeta, Lawrence [in Japanese] (2011). "Reserved Seats on Japan's Supreme Court". Washington University Law Review . Decision Making on the Japanese Supreme Court. 88 (6): 1713–1744.
  3. 1 2 Miyakawa, Koji (2014-06-14). Translated by Levin, Mark A.; Lachapelle, Megumi Honami. "Inside the Supreme Court of Japan—From the Perspective of a Former Justice". Asian-Pacific Law & Policy Journal . 15 (2): 196–212. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
  4. ↑ "Editorial: Review of Top Justices". Asahi Shimbun. 2009-08-27. Archived from the original on October 1, 2009. Retrieved 2009-10-15.
  5. ↑ "裁判所 | Former Justices". Supreme Court of Japan. Archived from the original on 2017-04-29. Retrieved 17 February 2019.
  6. 1 2 "MIYAKAWA, Koji". Supreme Court of Japan. Archived from the original on 2010-03-30. Retrieved 17 February 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  7. ↑ "IZUMI, Tokuji." Supreme Court of Japan. Accessed February 12, 2009.
  8. ↑ "SHIMADA, Niro Archived 2007-10-05 at the Wayback Machine ." Supreme Court of Japan. Accessed November 2, 2008.
  9. 1 2 3 4 "Justices of the Supreme Court." Supreme Court of Japan. June 17, 2006.
  10. 1 2 "TAKII, Shigeo". Archived from the original on October 5, 2007. Retrieved 2018-05-15.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  11. ↑ "TERADA, Itsuro". Supreme Court of Japan. Archived from the original on 22 October 2013. Retrieved 17 February 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  12. 1 2 Hideo, Tsuchiya (May 1, 2014). "Second-Generation Chief Justice a First for the Supreme Court". Nippon.com . Archived from the original on 29 June 2014. Retrieved 17 February 2019.
  13. ↑ "裁判所｜SUDO, Masahiko". www.courts.go.jp. Archived from the original on 2019-08-24.
  14. 1 2 "KANETSUKI, Seishi". Supreme Court of Japan. Archived from the original on March 30, 2010. Retrieved 17 February 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
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