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Presidential election | |||||||||||||||||
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This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below. | |||||||||||||||||
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below. |
General elections were held in Equatorial Guinea on 20 November 2022 to elect the President and members of Parliament, alongside local elections. Originally the parliamentary elections had been scheduled for November 2022 and presidential elections for 2023. However, in September 2022 Parliament approved a proposal to merge the elections due to economic constraints. [1] The government announced on 26 November 2022 that Obiang had won the election by an overwhelming margin, as expected. It stated that provisional results showed him with 97% of the vote on a turnout of 98%. The elections were considered a sham by international observers.
After becoming independent from Spain in 1968, Equatorial Guinea was ruled by President for life Francisco Macías Nguema until he was overthrown in a coup in 1979 by his nephew Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, who has served as the country's president since. Both have widely been characterised as corrupt dictators. [2] [3] [4]
Equatorial Guinea's government is authoritarian and has one of the worst human rights records in the world, consistently ranking among the "worst of the worst" in Freedom House's annual survey of political and civil rights. [5] Reporters Without Borders ranks President Obiang among its "predators" of press freedom. [6]
Political opposition, though nominally allowed alongside a nominal multi-party system, is effectively nonexistent, with President Obiang loyalists holding a supermajority of seats in the legislature since his installation as leader, [7] and Obiang has regularly "won" elections with over 90% of the vote. No election has been described as free or fair in the country. Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International among other non-governmental organizations have documented severe human rights abuses including illegal detention, with prisoners subjected to tactics including torture and beatings. Unexplained deaths have also been reported. [8] [9] [10]
The president is elected using the first-past-the-post system. [11]
The 100 members of the Chamber of Deputies are elected by closed-list proportional representation from multi-member constituencies based on the 19 districts with an electoral threshold of 10%. [12] [13] Of the 70 members of the Senate, 55 are elected from the same 19 electoral districts also by closed-list proportional representation and with an electoral threshold of 10%. An additional 15 members are appointed. [14]
District | Chamber | Senate |
---|---|---|
Malabo | 10 | 6 |
Baney | 4 | 2 |
Luba | 4 | 3 |
Riaba | 2 | 1 |
Annobón | 3 | 1 |
Bata | 10 | 6 |
Mbini | 4 | 2 |
Cogo | 4 | 3 |
Evinayong | 8 | 4 |
Niefang | 6 | 3 |
Akurenam | 4 | 2 |
Mongomo | 8 | 4 |
Añisok | 6 | 3 |
Nsork | 3 | 2 |
Akonibe | 4 | 2 |
Djibloho | 1 | 1 |
Ebebiyin | 9 | 5 |
Mikomeseng | 6 | 3 |
Nsok-Nsomo | 4 | 2 |
Total | 100 | 55 |
On Friday, 14 October, the National Electoral Commission (CEN) announced all the candidates who will participate the November elections. For the presidential election, there were three candidates including incumbent President Obiang, [15] but the legal and practical political system heavily favors Obiang and he personally controls all media. [16]
Obiang was elected as the presidential candidate of the ruling Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea (PDGE) at a party convention on 23 September. Obiang's eldest son, incumbent Vice President Teodorin Nguema Obiang, had previously sought the party's nomination. The Africa Report describes the compromise that was reached whereby Obiang would seek re-election and then step down after some years, allowing Teodorin to complete the term before facing election. [17]
Buenaventura Monsuy Asumu , a sitting Senator who has run in the previous three elections, is the candidate of the Party of the Social Democratic Coalition (PCSD). The PCSD is allied with the ruling PDGE for the legislative and municipal elections. [18]
Andrés Esono Ondó of the Convergence for Social Democracy (CPDS) party is the sole opposition candidate. He is participating for the first time. [15]
The official government website announced on 21 November 2022 that after a preliminary count, the PDGE had won over 99.7% of the votes so far counted. [19] It was therefore suspected by many news agencies and journalists that this election would be a landslide "victory" for incumbent Obiang, just as every presidential election in Equatorial Guinea since their post-coup reintroduction in 1989. [20] [21] [22] The United States said that it had "serious doubts about the credibility of the announced results" of the election. [23]
The government announced on 26 November 2022 that Obiang had won the election by an overwhelming margin, as expected. It stated that provisional results showed him with 97% of the vote on a turnout of 98%. The official numbers included a few mistakes including the total electorate or the number of valid votes.
Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo | Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea | 405,910 | 97.00 | |
Andrés Esono Ondó | Convergence for Social Democracy | 9,684 | 2.31 | |
Buenaventura Monsuy Asumu | Party of the Social Democratic Coalition | 2,855 | 0.68 | |
Total | 418,449 | 100.00 | ||
Valid votes | 418,449 | 99.50 | ||
Invalid votes | 1,278 | 0.30 | ||
Blank votes | 804 | 0.19 | ||
Total votes | 420,531 | 100.00 | ||
Registered voters/turnout | 427,671 | 98.33 | ||
Source: Government of Equatorial Guinea |
The PDGE won all seats in parliament and in all municipal assemblies according to official results as well. [24]
Party | Seats | +/– | |
---|---|---|---|
Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea | 100 | +1 | |
Convergence for Social Democracy | 0 | New | |
Party of the Social Democratic Coalition | 0 | New | |
Total | 100 | 0 | |
Source: Government of Equatorial Guinea |
Party | Seats | +/– | |
---|---|---|---|
Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea | 55 | 0 | |
Convergence for Social Democracy | 0 | New | |
Party of the Social Democratic Coalition | 0 | New | |
Total | 55 | 0 | |
Source: Government of Equatorial Guinea |
Equatorial Guinea, officially the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, is a country on the west coast of Central Africa, with an area of 28,000 square kilometres (11,000 sq mi). Formerly the colony of Spanish Guinea, its post-independence name refers to its location near both the Equator and in the African region of Guinea. As of 2021, the country had a population of 1,468,777, over 85% of whom are members of the Fang people, the country's dominant ethnic group. The Bubi people, indigenous to Bioko, are the second largest group at approximately 6.5% of the population.
The politics of Equatorial Guinea take place in a framework of a presidential republic, whereby the President is both the head of state and head of government. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Chamber of People's Representatives
Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo is an Equatoguinean politician and former military officer who has served as the second president of Equatorial Guinea since 3 August 1979. As of 2024, he is the second-longest consecutively-serving current non-royal national leader in the world.
The Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea is the ruling political party in Equatorial Guinea. It was established by President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo on 11 October 1987.
Bonifacio Ondó Edú-Aguong was an Equatoguinean politician who served as the Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea from 1964 to 1968 while it was still under Spanish colonial rule, as Spanish Guinea. He played a leading role in the country's independence, and led the National Union Movement of Equatorial Guinea from 1959 until his death.
Equatorial Guinea elects on the national level a head of state – the president – and a legislature. The president is elected for a seven-year term by the people. President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo was re-elected unopposed on 15 December 2002. The Chamber of People's Representatives has 100 members, elected for a five-year term by proportional representation in multi-member constituencies.
Presidential elections were held in Equatorial Guinea on 15 December 2002. Incumbent President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo easily won another term amidst an opposition boycott.
Early parliamentary elections were held in Equatorial Guinea on 4 May 2008, alongside local elections; 100 seats in parliament and 230 council seats were up for election. The ruling Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea won 89 seats in parliament.
The Equatorial Guinean Council of Ministers or Council of Ministers of Equatorial Guinea, is chaired by the President of Equatorial Guinea Teodoro Obiang Nguema, and constituted by the Vice President Teodorín Nguema Obiang, his Prime Minister Manuela Roka Botey along with the other Ministers members of the governemt.
Presidential elections were held in Equatorial Guinea on November 29, 2009. Teodoro Obiang Nguema, who has been President since 1979, ran for another term and won re-election with 95.8% of the vote, according to official results. Opposition leader Plácido Micó Abogo placed second with 3.6%. However, international observers and the main opposition candidate questioned the legitimacy of this election, noting the poor management which created an unfriendly field for other candidates to take part, media manipulation and the unbalanced results.
The vice president of Equatorial Guinea is the second highest political position obtainable in Equatorial Guinea. Following the 2011 constitutional reform, there is a provision for two vice presidents who are appointed by the president of Equatorial Guinea.
Political corruption in Equatorial Guinea is high by world standards and considered among the worst of any country on earth. It has been described as "an almost perfect kleptocracy" in which the scale of systemic corruption and the rulers' indifference towards the people's welfare place it at the bottom of every major governance indicator or ranking, below nations with similar per capita GDPs.
Presidential elections were held in Equatorial Guinea on 24 April 2016. In a vote initially scheduled for November but brought forward by seven months, incumbent President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo retained his office with 93.7 percent of the vote.
Equatorial Guinea–Spain relations are the diplomatic relations between Equatorial Guinea and Spain. Both nations are members of the Association of Academies of the Spanish Language, Organization of Ibero-American States and the United Nations.
The Supreme Military Council — initially called the Military Revolutionary Council — was the ruling military junta and the de facto government of Equatorial Guinea between the 1979 coup d'état and the 1982 constitutional referendum.
Capital punishment is no longer a legal punishment in Equatorial Guinea.
Events in the year 2022 in Equatorial Guinea.
The 1982 Constitution of Equatorial Guinea was the country's third constitution. Following the 1979 military coup that removed Francisco Macías Nguema from the presidency, a popular referendum obtained 95.8% of votes in favor of the new Constitution in August 1982. The Constitution, which the United Nations helped draft, added provisions for human rights, outlined a new free-market economy for the country, and nominally restored national elections.
Salvador Ondo Nkumu is an Equatoguinean politician and former judge who has served as the country's Minister of Justice since 2018. He had previously served as Minister of Justice from 2008 to 2011.