351st Infantry Regiment (United States)

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351st Infantry Regiment
351st Regiment Distinctive Unit Insignia.jpg
Regimental Distinctive Unit Insignia
Active1917–1919
1921–1945
1946–present
CountryFlag of the United States.svg USA
Branch U.S. Army
Role Infantry
Size Regiment
Part of First Army
Motto(s)TOUJOURS PRÊT (Always Ready)
ColorsBlue and Silver
AnniversariesConstituted 5 August 1917 in the National Army
Decorations Croix de Guerre, Army Superior Unit Award
Battle honours World War I
World War II
Commanders
Notable
commanders
William W. Eagles
Arthur S. Champeny

The 351st Infantry Regiment was a National Army Infantry Regiment first organized for service in World War I as part of the 88th Infantry Division in Europe. It later served in the Mediterranean Theater during World War II. Since then it has served as a training Regiment, training Army Reserve and Army National Guard Soldiers for service overseas after the September 11 terrorist attacks. [1] [2]

Contents

Service history

World War I

88th Infantry Division SSI.svg

The Regiment was constituted 5 August 1917 in the National Army as the 351st Infantry and assigned to the 176th Infantry Brigade of the 88th Division. It was organized at Camp Dodge, Iowa on 30 August 1917, and Herbert B. Crosby was named to command it. In August 1917, the Regiment was organized with 3,755 Officers and enlisted men:

The Doughboys of the Regiment deployed to France as part of the American Expeditionary Forces . [4] [5] [6] After completing its war service in France it demobilized at Camp Dodge on 7 June 1919. [7]

[8]

Between the Wars

88th Infantry Division SSI.svg

The Regiment was reconstituted in the Organized Reserves as the 351st Infantry on 24 June 1921 and reassigned to the 88th Division (later redesignated as the 88th Infantry Division) in the Seventh Corps Area, regimental Hq at Fort Snelling. [9] [10]

World War II

88th Infantry Division SSI.svg

The Regiment was ordered into active military service 15 July 1942 and reorganized at Camp Gruber, Oklahoma using a cadre provided by the 9th Infantry Division. [11] The Regiment participated in the Louisiana Maneuvers in June through August 1943. The Regiment departed Camp Patrick Henry on 4 November 1943 through the Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation as Shipment 8629-H. In July 1943, the Regiment was organized with 3,256 Officers and enlisted men: [12]

[13]

Trieste United States Troops

Trieste United States Troops shoulder patch.jpg

The 351st Infantry was relieved from assignment to the division on 1 May 1947 and served as temporary military Government of the Free Territory of Trieste, securing the new independent State [14] between Italy and Yugoslavia on behalf of the United Nations Security Council. [15] Designated TRUST (Trieste United States Troops), the command served as the front line in the Cold War from 1947 to 1954, including confrontations with Yugoslavian forces. In October 1954 the mission ended upon the signing of the Memorandum of Understanding of London [16] establishing a temporary civil administration in the Anglo-American Zone of the Free Territory of Trieste, entrusted to the responsibility of the Italian Government. [17] TRUST units, which included a number of 88th divisional support units, all bore a unit patch which was the coat of arms of the Free Territory of Trieste superimposed over the divisional quatrefoil, over which was a blue scroll containing the designation "TRUST" in white. The 1948 organization of the Regiment called for a strength of 3,774 Officers and enlisted men organized as below:

Returning Home

Trieste United States Troops shoulder patch.jpg

The Regiment departed Leghorn, Italy on 30 November 1954 aboard the Military Sea Transportation Service USNS General Sturgis as shipment #19069-A. Returning to Camp Kilmer, New Jersey, the Regiment inactivated at Fort Rucker, Alabama on 30 September 1956. Personnel and equipment were used to reactivate the 99th Infantry Battalion of World War II fame. This unit was in turn inactivated on 24 March 1958 when the U.S. Army adopted the Pentomic force organization and the infantry unit at Fort Rucker was reorganized and reflagged as the 2d Battle Group, 31st Infantry, a unit organized for Aviation Center training support. When the U.S. Army reorganized into brigades and battalions in the early 1960s, the designation of 2-31st Infantry was reassigned to the 7th Infantry Division in Korea and the unit at Fort Rucker was reflagged as the 5th Battle Group, 31st Infantry. The 5-31st Infantry lineage, less personnel and equipment, was later reassigned to the 197th Infantry Brigade (Separate) at Fort Benning, Georgia, effective 23 June 1967 as the 5th Battalion, 31st Infantry; however, an infantry presence remained at Fort Rucker in the form of Company E (Ranger), 30th Infantry, activated on 25 August 1966 and later inactivated on 1 July 1978. Additionally, the Pathfinder Team, HHC, 2d Battle Group, 31st Infantry, formed in 1960, was reflagged as 5th Infantry Detachment (Pathfinder) effective 24 June 1963, and later expanded and reflagged as Company C (Pathfinder), 509th Infantry, activated effective 1 July 1975. C-509th was inactivated on 31 May 1993 and its personnel and equipment were reflagged as Company A (Pathfinder), 511th Infantry, and activated on 1 June 1993. A-511th was inactivated due to lowered budget ceilings on 31 October 1995, ending the post-war infantry presence at Fort Rucker that had begun with the 351st Infantry Regiment.[ citation needed ]

2nd Battalion conducting Annual Training at Fort McCoy in the 1980's Headquarters, 2nd Battalion, 351st Regiment on Fort McCoy 1980s.jpg
2nd Battalion conducting Annual Training at Fort McCoy in the 1980's

Under the 84th Training Division

US 84th Infantry Division.svg

The 351st Infantry was redesignated as the 351st Regiment, and reorganized to consist of the 1st, 2d, and 3d Battalions, elements of the 84th Division (Training) on 31 January 1968. On 16 September 1995, the Regimental Headquarters and the 3rd Battalion were inactivated.

[18]

Current Assignment

1st Army.svg

The 1st Battalion is a Regular Army Logistics unit assigned to the 181st Infantry Brigade at Fort McCoy, Wisconsin with a mission to train echelon above brigade Combat Sustainment Support Battalions and a Medical brigade. [19]

The 2nd Battalion is a Regular Army Infantry unit assigned to the 177th Armored Brigade at Camp Shelby, Mississippi with a mission to train infantry units of the National Guard.[ citation needed ]

The 3rd Battalion is a Regular Army Aviation unit assigned to the 166th Aviation Brigade at Fort Hood, Texas with a mission to train Aviation Battalions. [20]

Campaign streamers

ConflictStreamerYear(s)
World War I
Streamer WWI V.PNG
Alsace1918
World War II
European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal streamer.png
Streamer WWII V.PNG
Rome-Arno [21] 1944
North Apennines [22] 1944-1945
Po Valley [23] 1945

[18] [24] [25]

Decorations

RibbonAwardEmbroideredYearEarned by
U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force Presidential Unit Citation ribbon.svg Presidential Unit Citation MT. CAPELLO, ITALY19442nd Battalion
U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force Presidential Unit Citation ribbon.svg Presidential Unit Citation LAIATICO, ITALY19443rd Battalion
Meritorious Unit Commendation ribbon.svg Meritorious Unit Commendation Afghanistan Retrograde 2021-20222021-20221st Battalion
Army Superior Unit Award ribbon.svg Army Superior Unit Award 2007-20082007-20081st Battalion
Army Superior Unit Award ribbon.svg Army Superior Unit Award 2008-20112008-200111st and 2nd Battalions
Croix de Guerre 1939-1945 ribbon.svg Croix de Guerre Central Italy1944-1945Entire Regiment
None
Secretary of the Army Superior Unit Certificate Department of the Army General Order 15 9 April 1962.pdf
Secretary of the Army Superior Unit Certificate
None1962Headquarters Company of 2nd Battalion

[26] [27] [28] [29]

Shoulder sleeve insignia

1st Army.svg
  1. The red and white of the background are the colors used in flags for Armies.
  2. The letter "A" represents "Army" and is also the first letter of the alphabet suggesting "First Army."
  1. A black letter "A" was approved as the authorized insignia by the Commanding General, American Expeditionary Force, on 16 November 1918 and approved by the War Department on 5 May 1922.
  2. The background was added on 17 November 1950.

[30]

Distinctive unit insignia

351st Regiment Distinctive Unit Insignia.jpg

[31]

Coat of arms

351st Infantry Regiment COA.png

[31]

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References

  1. Mahon, John K.; Danysh, Romana (1972). Infantry Part I: Regular Army (PDF). Washington, D.C.: Office of the Chief of Military History. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 22 May 2017.
  2. Unit page at Military.com [ irrelevant citation ]
  3. Maneuver and Firepower p56
  4. "ORDER OF BATTLE OF THE UNITED STATES LAND FORCES IN THE WORLD WAR p377" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 22 May 2017.
  5. Reports of the Commander-in-Chief, Staff Sections and Services p14-18
  6. Maneuver and Firepower p69
  7. "Order of battle for the 88th Infantry Division in World War I" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 March 2016. Retrieved 22 May 2017.
  8. Military Map of the United States in 1918
  9. Maneuver and Firepower p103
  10. The US Army Order of Battle from 1919-1941 p469
  11. World War II Order of Battle, front cover chart
  12. Maneuver and Firepower p183
  13. Stanton, Shelby L. (1984). World War II Order of Battle. New York, New York: Galahad Books.
  14. Article 21 and Annex VII, Instrument for the Provisional Regime of the Free Territory of Trieste. See: https://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/UNTS/Volume%2049/v49.pdf
  15. see: United Nations Security Council Resolution 16, 10 January 1947: http://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/RES/16(1947)
  16. UNTS Vol.235, 3297 Memorandum of Understanding of London
  17. Memorandum of Understanding of London, article 2: see https://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/UNTS/Volume%20235/v235.pdf
  18. 1 2 Regimental Lineage and Honors
  19. https://www.dvidshub.net/image/4064674/1st-351st-assumption-command-fort-mccoy-2015 1-337th also reactivated soon after 1-351 at Fort McCoy
  20. http://kdhnews.com/military/aviation-training-brigade-returns-to-fort-hood/article_579a12ec-a25f-11e8-ba38-f72cdd5b7d28.html Aviation training brigade returns to Fort Hood
  21. http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/072/72-20/index.html Rome Arno Commemorative Publication
  22. http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/072/72-34/index.html North Apennines Commemorative Publication
  23. http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/072/72-33/index.html Po Valley Commemorative Publication
  24. U.S. Army Center of Military History (CMH). "Listing of the Campaigns of the U.S. Army Displayed on the Army Flag | U.S. Army Center of Military History (CMH)". history.army.mil. Archived from the original on 14 November 2014. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  25. "War Department General Order #24 Listing Campaigns". Archived from the original on 25 March 2015. Retrieved 22 May 2017.
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  28. "Campaign Register Prior to 1962 pages 214 - 321" (PDF). United States Army Human Resources Command. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 August 2017. Retrieved 7 August 2017.
  29. US Army Permanent Order 032-0001.pdf
  30. "First Army insignia page at the Institute of Heraldry". Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 22 May 2017.
  31. 1 2 "Regimental DUI". Archived from the original on 12 February 2017. Retrieved 22 May 2017.