The army was reformed on 15 November 1941 on the Southern Front for a counterattack in the Rostov area against the German 1st Panzer Army. These actions facilitated the 9th and 56th Armies' liberation of Rostov-on-Don. The army took part in the Barvenkovo-Lozovaya Offensive from 18 to 31 January 1942 with the goal of destroying the German Army in southern Ukraine.
The army conducted defensive operations during the summer and autumn of 1942 in reaction to Case Blue, the German offensive in southern Russia. The army was transferred from the Southern Front to the Don Group of the North Caucasian Front (first formation) in late July and then the Transcaucasian Front in August 1942.
As part of the North Caucasian Strategic Offensive, in January 1943, the army liberated the towns of Kislovodsk, Pyatigorsk, Essentuki, and Cherkessk. The army was transferred to the North Caucasian Front (second formation) on 24 January to participate in the Krasnodar Offensive. In July, the army forces were reassigned to the 9th and 56th Armies and the 37th Army was placed under Stavka control.
On 7 September 1943, the army was assigned to the Steppe Front. The army took part in the liberation of Left-bank Ukraine east of Kremenchug. In late September, it crossed the Dnieper River west of Keleberda and northwest of Mishurin Rog. The army was involved in offensive operations in the Krivoy Rog area from October to December.
On 15 January 1944, the army was transferred to the 3rd Ukrainian Front. It participated in the Odessa Offensive in conjunction with the 46th Army. From 8 August, the army participated in the Jassy–Kishinev Offensive, and in September, in the occupation of Bulgaria [ ru ]. By the end of September, its troops reached the settlements of Kazanlak, Yambol, and Burgas, where the army's combat history ended. The army remained in Bulgaria as a garrison for the rest of the war, and was redesignated the 37th Separate Army on 15 December. [1]
Composition
The army had the following units assigned when formed:
Forces assigned on 7 September 1943 upon attachment to the Steppe Front:
Forces assigned at the end of the war. [2]
Post-war
The army was stationed in Bulgaria with its headquarters at Sofia as part of the Southern Group of Forces from 10 June 1945. On 10 June 1946, it was redesignated as the 10th Mechanized Army. It included four divisions: the 2nd Guards, 4th Guards, 19th, and 21st Mechanized Divisions. The 2nd Guards Mechanized Division at Craiova was the former 2nd Guards Mechanized Corps, the 4th Guards Mechanized Division at Sofia was the former 4th Guards Mechanized Corps, the 19th Mechanized Division at Plovdiv was the former 244th Rifle Division. The 21st Mechanized Division at Burgas was the former 223rd Rifle Division. The 21st Mechanized was withdrawn to the Soviet Union in July, leaving the army with only three divisions. The army was disbanded on 15 June 1947, along with its 19th Mechanized Division, after signing the peace treaties with Romania and Bulgaria.
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