472nd Fighter-Bomber Squadron

472nd Fighter-Bomber Squadron (later 472d Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron)
F-80 Shooting Star as flown by the squadron
Active	1942-1944; 1954-1957
Country	United States
Branch	United States Air Force
Role	Fighter-bomber
Insignia
472d Bombardment Squadron Emblem [lower-alpha 1] [1]

The 472d Fighter-Bomber Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was active in the reserve at Selfridge Air Force Base and Willow Run Airport from 1954 until it was inactivated in 1957.

In 1985, the squadron was consolidated with the 472d Bombardment Squadron, which served as a Replacement Training Unit at Greenville Army Air Base, South Carolina, from 1942 until 1944, when it was disbanded in a general reorganization of Army Air Forces training and support units in the United States. The consolidated unit was designated the 472d Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron, but the unit has not been active since consolidation.

History

World War II

B-25 Mitchell as flown by the squadron during World War II

The squadron's first predecessor, the 471st Bombardment Squadron, was activated 0n 16 July 1942 as one of the four original squadrons of the 334th Bombardment Group at Greenville Army Air Base, South Carolina. ^{[1] [2]} It operated as a North American B-25 Mitchell Replacement Training Unit (RTU). RTUs were oversized units which trained individual pilots and aircrews prior to their deployment to combat theaters. ^[3]

However, the Army Air Forces (AAF) found that standard military units, whose manning was based on relatively inflexible tables of organization were not well well adapted to the training mission, particularly to the replacement training mission. ^[4] Accordingly, a more functional system was adopted in which each base was organized into a separate numbered unit. ^[5] This resulted in the 334th Group, its components and supporting units at Greenville, being disbanded in the spring of 1944 and being replaced by the 330th AAF Base Unit (Replacement Training Unit, Medium, Bombardment). ^{[1] [2] [6]}

Reserve fighter operations

The 472d Fighter-Bomber Squadron was activated in the reserve at Selfridge Air Force Base, Michigan on 1 April 1954, and assigned to the 439th Fighter-Bomber Group, replacing the 92d Fighter-Bomber Squadron. ^{[lower-alpha 2]} Its training was supervised by the 2242nd Air Force Reserve Combat Training Center (later the 2242nd Air Reserve Flying Center). ^{[7] [8]}

The squadron was originally equipped with Lockheed F-80 Shooting Stars, but re-equipped with Republic F-84 Thunderjets in 1956. ^{[9] [lower-alpha 3]} It also operated a variety of trainer and transport aircraft. ^[10] Despite its fighter bomber designation, the unit was gained by Air Defense Command (ADC) upon mobilization. ADC required the squadrons it gained to be designed to augment active duty squadrons capable of performing air defense missions for an indefinite period after mobilization independently of their parent wing. ^[11]

During the first half of 1955, the Air Force began detaching Air Force reserve squadrons from their parent wing locations to separate sites. The concept offered several advantages: communities were more likely to accept the smaller squadrons than the large wings and the location of separate squadrons in smaller population centers would facilitate recruiting and manning. As it finally evolved in the spring of 1955, the Continental Air Command’s plan called for placing Air Force reserve units at fifty-nine installations located throughout the United States. ^[12] In this program, the squadron moved from Selfridge to Willow Run Airport, Michigan in late 1955. ^[13]

The Joint Chiefs of Staff were pressuring the Air Force to provide more wartime airlift. At the same time, about 150 Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcars became available from the active force. Consequently, in November 1956 the Air Force directed Continental Air Command to convert three reserve fighter bomber wings to the troop carrier mission by September 1957. In addition, within the Air Staff was a recommendation that the reserve fighter mission be given to the Air National Guard and replaced by the troop carrier mission. ^[14] Cuts in the budget in 1957 also led to a reduction in the number of reserve squadrons from 55 to 45. ^[15] The 439th Fighter-Bomber Wing was replaced by the 403d Troop Carrier Wing in November 1957 and the 472d was inactivated without a replacement as reserve flying operations at Willow Run Airport terminated.^{[ citation needed ]}

The two squadrons were consolidated in 1985 as the 472d Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron, ^[16] but have never been active since consolidation.^{[ citation needed ]}

Lineage

472d Bombardment Squadron Constituted as the 472d Bombardment Squadron (Medium) on 9 July 1942 Activated on 16 July 1942 Disbanded on 1 May 1944 [1] Reconstituted on 19 September 1985 and consolidated with the 472d Fighter-Bomber Squadron as the 472d Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron [16]

472d Fighter-Bomber Squadron Constituted as the 472d Fighter-Bomber Squadron Activated on 1 April 1954 [17] Inactivated on 16 November 1957 [16] Consolidated with the 472d Bombardment Squadron on 19 September 1985 as the 472d Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron [16]

Assignments

• 334th Bombardment Group, 16 July 1942 – 1 May 1944 ^[1]
• 439th Fighter-Bomber Group, 1 April 1954 - 16 November 1957 ^[10]

Stations

• Greenville Army Air Base, South Carolina, 16 July 1942 – 1 May 1944 ^[1]
• Selfridge Air Force Base, Michigan, 1 April 1954 ^[13]
• Willow Run Airport, Michigan, c. 18 December 1955 – 16 November 1957 ^[13]

Aircraft

• North American B-25 Mitchell, 1942–1944 ^[1]
• Lockheed F-80 Shooting Star, 1954-1956 ^{[10] [lower-alpha 4]}
• Republic F-84 Thunderjet, 1956-1957 ^[10]

Service Streamer

Service Streamer	Theater	Dates	Notes
	American Theater of World War II	26 July 1942-1 May 1944	472d Bombardment Squadron [1]

Notes

Explanatory notes

1. Approved 5 February 1943. Description: Over and through a light violet disc, "Bomby" bear wearing a red aviator's helmet and white goggles, shooting an orange and white bomb, lighted at the fuse, off the edge of a white cloud formation with a yellow pool cue stick. The emblems of the four squadrons of the 334th Bombardment Group, featuring "Bomby-the-Bear" were featured in the National Geographic Magazine in June 1943. Hubbard, p. 714..
2. On that same date, the regular Air Force's 92d Fighter-Interceptor Squadron was redesignated the 92d Fighter-Bomber Squadron, making the designation no longer available to Continental Air Command's reserve squadron. Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 310.
3. Both Haulmen and Ravenstein say the 439th Wing stopped flying the F-80 in 1956, then operated the F-84. Ravenstein, p. 236; Haulman, AFHRA Factsheet. However, a copyrighted photograph published in the Ann Arbor News in October 1957 shows the squadron still flying F-80s. See External links, below.
4. Also equipped with trainer and transport aircraft 1954-1957.

Citations

1. Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 576
2. Maurer, Combat Units, p. 214
3. Craven & Cate, p. xxxvi, Introduction
4. Goss, p. 75
5. Craven & Cate, p. 7
6. No byline. "Abstract, Volume 3A, History Greenville Army Air Base SC, Jan-Jul 1944". Air Force History Index. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
7. No byline. "Abstract, History 2242 Air Force Reserve Combat Training Center, May-Jun 1952". Air Force History Index. Retrieved 2 September 2024.
8. No byline. "Abstract, History 2242 Air Reserve Flying Center, Jul-Dec 1954". Air Force History Index. Retrieved 2 September 2024.
9. Ravenstein, p. 236
10. Haulman, Daniel L. (2 January 2008). "Factsheet 439 Operations Group". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Archived from the original on 7 May 2011. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
11. Cantwell, p. 148
12. Cantwell, p. 156
13. "Newspaper clippings from the Ann Arbor News regarding the 472nd Fighter-Bomber Squadron". Ann Arbor District Library. 1954–1957. Retrieved 2 September 2024.
14. Cantwell, p. 168
15. Cantwell, pp. 168-169
16. Department of the Air Force/MPM Letter 662q, 19 Sep 85, Subject: Reconstitution, Redesignation, and Consolidation of Selected Air Force Tactical Squadrons
17. See Haulman (assignment to 439th Fighter-Bomber Group)

References

 This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

• Cantwell, Gerald T. (1997). Citizen Airmen: a History of the Air Force Reserve, 1946-1994 (PDF). Washington, D.C.: Air Force History and Museums Program. ISBN   0-16049-269-6 . Retrieved 17 December 2016.
• Craven, Wesley F; Cate, James L, eds. (1955). The Army Air Forces in World War II. Vol. VI, Men & Planes. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press. LCCN   48-3657.

* Goss, William A. (1955). "The Organization and its Responsibilities, Chapter 2 The AAF". In Craven, Wesley F.; Cate, James L. (eds.). The Army Air Forces in World War II (PDF). Vol. VI, Men & Planes. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. LCCN   48003657. OCLC   704158 . Retrieved 17 December 2016.

• Hubbard, Gerard (1943). "Aircraft Insignia, Spirit of Youth". The National Geographic Magazine. LXXXIII (6). National Geographic Society: 718–722. Retrieved 1 September 2017. (subscription required for web access)
• Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961]. Air Force Combat Units of World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN   0-912799-02-1. LCCN   61060979.
• Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969]. Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN   0-405-12194-6. LCCN   70605402. OCLC   72556.
• Ravenstein, Charles A. (1984). Air Force Combat Wings, Lineage & Honors Histories 1947-1977 (PDF). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN   0-912799-12-9 . Retrieved 17 December 2016.

External links

• "Members Of The Air Force Reserve 472nd Fighter-Bomber Squadron At Willow Run, October 1957". Ann Arbor News. 14 October 1957. Retrieved 2 September 2024.