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9th World Festival of Youth and Students | |
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Host country | People's Republic of Bulgaria |
Dates | 28 July - 5 August 1968 |
Motto | For Solidarity, Peace and Friendship |
Cities | Sofia |
Participants | 20,000 people from 142 countries |
Follows | 10th World Festival of Youth and Students |
Precedes | 8th World Festival of Youth and Students |
The 9th World Festival of Youth and Students was held from 28 July to 5 August 1968 in Sofia, capital city of the then People's Republic of Bulgaria. The festival attracted 20,000 people from 138 countries. [1] Initially, the event was planned to be held in Algeria in the summer of 1965, but due to the military coup in that country the date was postponed, and Bulgaria became the new venue for the festival. [2]
The festival took place at the height of the Chinese Cultural Revolution, and due to the Sino-Soviet split, no Chinese delegates were invited to Bulgaria. However, a group of German Maoists attended. They disrupted the opening ceremony of the festival, shouting the name of Chairman Mao and waving his portrait. [3]
It was rumored by local fans that The Beatles offered to play at the festival [4] , but it was turned down by the organising committee. [5]
The song "Ogromnoe nebo" ("Tremendous Sky"), performed by Edita Piekha, received several awards: a gold medal and first place in a political song contest, a gold medal for performance and poetry, as well as a silver medal for music. [6]
The 1984 Summer Olympics were an international multi-sport event held from July 28 to August 12, 1984, in Los Angeles, California, United States. It marked the second time that Los Angeles had hosted the Games, the first being in 1932. This was the first of two consecutive Olympic Games to be held in North America with Calgary, Alberta, Canada hosting the 1988 Winter Olympics. California was the home state of the incumbent U.S. President Ronald Reagan, who officially opened the Games. These were the first Summer Olympic Games under the IOC presidency of Juan Antonio Samaranch.
The 1968 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XIX Olympiad and officially branded as Mexico 1968, were an international multi-sport event held from 12 to 27 October 1968 in Mexico City, Mexico. These were the first Olympic Games to be staged in Latin America, the first to be staged in a Spanish-speaking country, and the first to be staged in the Global South. Consequently, these games also marked the first time that there would be a gap of two Olympic Games not to be held in Europe. They were also the first Games to use an all-weather (smooth) track for track and field events instead of the traditional cinder track, as well as the first example of the Olympics exclusively using electronic timekeeping equipment.
Rhythmic gymnastics is a sport in which gymnasts perform individually or in groups on a floor with an apparatus: hoop, ball, clubs, ribbon and rope. The sport combines elements of gymnastics, dance and calisthenics; gymnasts must be strong, flexible, agile, dexterous and coordinated. Rhythmic gymnastics is governed by the International Gymnastics Federation (FIG), which first recognized it as a sport in 1963. At the international level, rhythmic gymnastics is a women-only sport.
Bansko is a town in southwestern Bulgaria, located in Blagoevgrad Oblast near the city of Razlog. Once mainly a stockbreeding and travelling merchant community, the town is now an international centre for winter and summer tourism. More recently Bansko has become a known hotspot for digital nomads driven in part by the relative affordability of the location combined with its natural scenery.
The FISU World University Games, formerly the Universiade, is an international multi-sport event, organized for university athletes by the International University Sports Federation (FISU). The former name is a portmanteau of the words "University" and "Olympiad".
Volleyball has been part of the Summer Olympics program for both men and women consistently since 1964.
The World Festival of Youth and Students is an international event organized by the World Federation of Democratic Youth (WFDY) and the International Union of Students after 1947.
The 1984 Friendship Games, or Friendship-84, was an international multi-sport event held between 2 July and 16 September 1984 in the Soviet Union and eight other Eastern Bloc states which boycotted the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.
Edita Stanislavovna Piekha is a Soviet and Russian singer and actress of Polish descent. The peak of its popularity in the countries of the former USSR was in the 1960s. Her most famous song is “Our Neighbor”. She was given the title Honorary Citizen of St. Petersburg.
Bulgaria was represented by 72 athletes at the 2008 Summer Olympics, held in Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Lubomir Geraskov is a Bulgarian gymnast and Olympic champion. He competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul where he won Olympic gold on pommel horse.
Sofia Pride Parade is a peaceful march of LGBT people and their relatives and friends, which combines social and political protest with entertainment such as live concerts. It takes place every year in the month of June in Bulgaria's capital Sofia since 2008. The first Sofia Pride parade was held on June 28, 2008, on the same date as the Stonewall riots in New York City that occurred in 1969. Same-sex sexual activity became legal on May 1, 1968. Between 1968 and the collapse of communism in 1989, no publicly gay movements nor places of social gatherings existed. After democracy was established in 1990, several gay bars and clubs opened doors in the capital of Sofia as well as in Varna and Plovdiv.
Duet Mania is a Bulgarian pop duet formed in Sofia, Bulgaria, in 1999 and consisting of two sisters: Daniela Petkova and Julia Dimitrova.
Joseph Choong is a British modern pentathlete. He won the gold medal in the event at the 2020 Summer Olympics and the World title in 2022 and 2023.
Biser Hristov Kirov was a Bulgarian pop singer and tenor, who was called in the press the most popular Bulgarian in the USSR. Kirov called Russia his creative homeland.
Dylan Matthew Schmidt is a New Zealand trampoline gymnast. He competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics and finished in seventh place. He was New Zealand's first athlete to compete in trampoline at the Olympic Games. At the 2020 Summer Olympics, he won the bronze medal and became New Zealand's first Olympic medallist in any gymnastics discipline. He became the individual trampoline world champion at the 2022 Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships and is New Zealand's first world champion in men's trampoline. He won the gold medal in the individual event at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics.
Zhu Xueying is a Chinese trampoline gymnast and Olympic champion. At the 2017 Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships, she won gold medals in the synchro and team events. At the 2018 Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships, she won silver in the individual event and gold in the team event. In July 2021, she won the gold medal in the women's trampoline event at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan.
Mihaela Valentina Cambei is a Romanian weightlifter. She won the silver medal in the women's 49 kg event at the 2024 Summer Olympics held in Paris, France. In 2023, she won the gold medal in the women's 49 kg event at the European Weightlifting Championships held in Yerevan, Armenia. She also won the gold medal in her event at the 2024 European Weightlifting Championships held in Sofia, Bulgaria.
Nina Sterckx is a Belgian weightlifter. She is a three-time medalist at the European Weightlifting Championships and achieved 5th place representing Belgium at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. She also represented Belgium at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, France.
The 1960s in the People's Republic of Bulgaria.
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