ADH1A

Last updated
ADH1A
Protein ADH1A PDB 1deh.png
Available structures
PDB Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
Aliases ADH1A , ADH1, alcohol dehydrogenase 1A (class I), alpha polypeptide
External IDs OMIM: 103700 HomoloGene: 88335 GeneCards: ADH1A
EC number 1.1.1.1
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_000667

n/a

RefSeq (protein)

NP_000658

n/a

Location (UCSC) Chr 4: 99.28 – 99.29 Mb n/a
PubMed search [2] n/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Alcohol dehydrogenase 1A is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ADH1A gene. [3] [4]

Contents

This gene encodes class I alcohol dehydrogenase, alpha subunit, which is a member of the alcohol dehydrogenase family. Members of this enzyme family metabolize a wide variety of substrates, including ethanol, retinol, other aliphatic alcohols, hydroxysteroids, and lipid peroxidation products. Class I alcohol dehydrogenase, consisting of several homo- and heterodimers of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits, exhibits high activity for ethanol oxidation and plays a major role in ethanol catabolism. Three genes encoding alpha, beta and gamma subunits are tandemly organized in a genomic segment as a gene cluster. This gene is monomorphic and predominant in fetal and infant livers, whereas the genes encoding beta and gamma subunits are polymorphic and strongly expressed in adult livers. [4]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alcohol dehydrogenase</span> Group of dehydrogenase enzymes

Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH) (EC 1.1.1.1) are a group of dehydrogenase enzymes that occur in many organisms and facilitate the interconversion between alcohols and aldehydes or ketones with the reduction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) to NADH. In humans and many other animals, they serve to break down alcohols that are otherwise toxic, and they also participate in the generation of useful aldehyde, ketone, or alcohol groups during the biosynthesis of various metabolites. In yeast, plants, and many bacteria, some alcohol dehydrogenases catalyze the opposite reaction as part of fermentation to ensure a constant supply of NAD+.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase</span> Class of enzymes

Acetaldehyde dehydrogenases are dehydrogenase enzymes which catalyze the conversion of acetaldehyde into acetyl-CoA. This can be summarized as follows:

Ethanol, an alcohol found in nature and in alcoholic drinks, is metabolized through a complex catabolic metabolic pathway. In humans, several enzymes are involved in processing ethanol first into acetaldehyde and further into acetic acid and acetyl-CoA. Once acetyl-CoA is formed, it becomes a substrate for the citric acid cycle ultimately producing cellular energy and releasing water and carbon dioxide. Due to differences in enzyme presence and availability, human adults and fetuses process ethanol through different pathways. Gene variation in these enzymes can lead to variation in catalytic efficiency between individuals. The liver is the major organ that metabolizes ethanol due to its high concentration of these enzymes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ALDH2</span> Enzyme

Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH2 gene located on chromosome 12. ALDH2 belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family of enzymes. Aldehyde dehydrogenase is the second enzyme of the major oxidative pathway of alcohol metabolism. ALDH2 has a low Km for acetaldehyde, and is localized in mitochondrial matrix. The other liver isozyme, ALDH1, localizes to the cytosol.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HADHA</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Trifunctional enzyme subunit alpha, mitochondrial also known as hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase/3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase/enoyl-CoA hydratase, alpha subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HADHA gene. Mutations in HADHA have been associated with trifunctional protein deficiency or long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ADH1B</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Alcohol dehydrogenase 1B is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ADH1B gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ADH1C</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Alcohol dehydrogenase 1C is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ADH1C gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">AKR1C3</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 (AKR1C3), also known as 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 5 is a key steroidogenic enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AKR1C3 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">AKR1C1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 also known as 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and dihydrodiol dehydrogenase 1/2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AKR1C1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family, member A1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Aldehyde dehydrogenase, dimeric NADP-preferring is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH3A1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ADH4</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Alcohol dehydrogenase 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ADH4 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">3α-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

3α-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AKR1C4 gene. It is known to be necessary for the synthesis of the endogenous neurosteroids allopregnanolone, THDOC, and 3α-androstanediol. It is also known to catalyze the reversible conversion of 3α-androstanediol (5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol) to dihydrotestosterone and vice versa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IDH3G</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit gamma, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the IDH3G gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ADH7</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Alcohol dehydrogenase class 4 mu/sigma chain is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ADH7 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IDH3B</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit beta, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the IDH3B gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ALDH1B1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Aldehyde dehydrogenase X, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH1B1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aldehyde dehydrogenase 9 family, member A1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

4-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH9A1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ADH6</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Alcohol dehydrogenase 6 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ADH6 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ALDH3B2</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member B2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH3B2 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ALDH3B1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family, member B1 also known as ALDH3B1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH3B1 gene.

References

  1. 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000187758 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  3. Smith M (Mar 1986). "Genetics of Human Alcohol and Aldehyde Dehydrogenases". Advances in Human Genetics vol. 15. Vol. 15. pp. 249–90. doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-8356-1_5. ISBN   978-1-4615-8358-5. PMID   3006456.
  4. 1 2 "Entrez Gene: ADH1A alcohol dehydrogenase 1A (class I), alpha polypeptide".

Further reading