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Subhas Chandra Bose was an Indian nationalist whose defiance of British authority in India made him a hero among many Indians, but his wartime alliances with Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan left a legacy vexed by authoritarianism, anti-Semitism, and military failure. The honorific Netaji was first applied to Bose in Germany in early 1942—by the Indian soldiers of the Indische Legion and by the German and Indian officials in the Special Bureau for India in Berlin. It is now used throughout India.
The India Gate is a war memorial located near the Kartavya path on the eastern edge of the "ceremonial axis" of New Delhi, formerly called Rajpath. It stands as a memorial to 84,000 soldiers of the Indian Army who died between 1914 and 1921 in the First World War, in France, Flanders, Mesopotamia, Persia, East Africa, Gallipoli and elsewhere in the Near and the Far East, and the Third Anglo-Afghan War. 13,300 servicemen's names, including some soldiers and officers from the United Kingdom, are inscribed on the gate. Designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens, the gate evokes the architectural style of the ancient Roman triumphal arches such as the Arch of Constantine in Rome, and later memorial arches; it is often compared to the Arc de Triomphe in Paris, and the Gateway of India in Mumbai.
Azad Hind, officially the Provisional Government of Free India, was a short-lived Japanese-supported provisional government in India. It was established in Japanese occupied Singapore during World War II in October 1943 and has been considered a puppet state of the Empire of Japan.
Azad Hind Radio was a radio service that was started under the leadership of Subhas Chandra Bose and Adolf Hitler in Nazi Germany in 1942 to encourage Indians to fight for the Axis powers. Though initially based in Nazi Germany, its headquarters were shifted to Japanese occupied Singapore, and later to Hyderabad, following the course of the war in Southeast Asia. After Netaji's departure to Southeast Asia, the German operations were continued by A.C.N. Nambiar, the head of the Indian Legion in Nazi Germany and later ambassador of the Arzi Hukumate Azad Hind in Germany.
Sugata Bose is an Indian historian and politician who has taught and worked in the United States since the mid-1980s. His fields of study are South Asian and Indian Ocean history. Bose taught at Tufts University until 2001, when he accepted the Gardiner Chair of Oceanic History and Affairs at Harvard University. Bose is also the director of the Netaji Research Bureau in Kolkata, India, a research center and archives devoted to the life and work of Bose's great uncle, the Indian nationalist, Subhas Chandra Bose. Bose is the author most recently of His Majesty's Opponent: Subhas Chandra Bose and India's Struggle against Empire (2011) and A Hundred Horizons: The Indian Ocean in the Age of Global Empire (2006).
Sarat Chandra Bose was a Bengali barrister and independence activist.
Shah Nawaz Khan was an Indian politician who served as an officer in the Indian National Army (INA) during World War II. He was profoundly influenced by Subhas Chandra Bose's speeches asking POWs to join the Indian National Army and to fight for a free India, Khan led the army into North-Eastern India, seizing Kohima and Imphal which were held briefly by the INA under the authority of the Japanese. In December 1944, Shah Nawaz Khan was appointed Commander of the 1st Division at Mandalay. After the war, he was tried, convicted for treason, and sentenced to death in a public court-martial carried out by the British Indian Army. The sentence was commuted by the Commander-in-chief of the Indian Army following unrest and protests in India. After the trial, Khan declared that he would henceforth follow the path of non-violence espoused by Mahatama Gandhi and he joined the Congress party. Having successfully contested the first Lok Sabha in 1952 from Meerut, Khan had an illustrious parliamentary career. He was elected four times to the Lok Sabha from Meerut constituency in 1951, 1957, 1962 and 1971. He lost in the 1967 and 1977 Lok Sabha election from Meerut.
Anuj Dhar is an Indian conspiracy theorist, author and former journalist. He has published several books around the locus of death of Subhas Chandra Bose that propound theories about his living for several years after the purported plane crash, thus contradicting the current consensus. Dhar is also the founder-trustee of a not for profit organisation, Mission Netaji, which campaigns for the declassification of documents concerning Bose.
The Nehru Brigade or 4th Guerrilla Regiment was a unit of the Indian National Army, that formed a part of the First INA and later part of the 1st Division after the INA's revival under Subhas Chandra Bose. Subhas Bose named the regiment after Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, the 1st Prime Minister of India.
Netaji Bhawan or Netaji Bhavan is a heritage building in Kolkata, West Bengal, maintained as a memorial and research center to the life of the Indian nationalist "Netaji" Subhas Chandra Bose. It is currently the headquarters of Netaji Research Bureau.
The Indian National Army (INA) and its leader Subhash Chandra Bose are popular and emotive topics within India. From the time it came into public perception in India around the time of the Red Fort Trials, it found its way into the works of military historians around the world. It has been the subject of a number of projects, of academic, historical and of popular nature. Some of these are critical of the army, some — especially of the ex-INA men — are biographical or autobiographical, while still others historical and political works, that tell the story of the INA. A large number of these provide analyses of Subhas Chandra Bose and his work with the INA.
Bose: Dead/Alive is an Indian historical drama streaming television miniseries based on the 2012 book India's Biggest Cover-up by activist Anuj Dhar that was released on ALTBalaji on 20 November 2017 IST. The show stars Rajkummar Rao portrays the titular protagonist, based on the life of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, with supporting roles including Naveen Kasturia as Darbari Lal, Edward Sonnenblick as Stanley Allen, and Anna Ador as Emilie Schenkl.
The National Police Memorial in India commemorates the 34,844 police personnel from all of the central and state police forces in India who have died in the line of duty since the nation's Independence in 1947. Located in New Delhi's Chanakyapuri area, the 6.12 acres memorial consists of a 30-foot (9.1-metre) tall and 238-tonne heavy black granite central sculpture, a museum and a 'Wall of Valour' bearing the names of all 34,844 police personnel who have died in the line of duty. The underground museum is the first police museum of its kind in India, and showcases over 2000 years of policing in the region, since the time of Kautilya's system of law and order in 310 BCE.
Sisir Kumar Bose was an Indian freedom fighter, pediatrician and legislator. He was the son of Indian nationalist leader Sarat Chandra Bose, nephew of Indian freedom fighter Subhas Chandra Bose and husband of former Member of Parliament Krishna Bose (1930–2020).
Gumnaami is a 2019 Indian Bengali-language mystery film based on the true events directed by Srijit Mukherji, which deals with the mystery of Netaji's death, based on the Mukherjee Commission hearings and the book Conundrum written by Anuj Dhar and Chandrachur Ghose. It has been produced by Shrikant Mohta, Pranay Ranjan, and Mahendra Soni under the banner of Shree Venkatesh Films. Prosenjit Chatterjee plays the roles of Subhas Chandra Bose and Gumnaami Baba.
Netaji Jayanti or Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Jayanti, officially known as Parakram Diwas or Parakram Divas, is a national event celebrated in India to mark the birthday of the prominent Indian freedom fighter Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose. It is celebrated annually on 23 January. He played a pivotal role in Indian independence movement. He was the head of Indian National Army. He was the founder-head of the Azad Hind Government.
Saurav Bhaik is an Indian entrepreneur and experiential marketer. He is also the co-founder of Tagbin. Saurav has acquired projects such as Pradhanmantri Sangrahalaya and the Hologram statue of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose at India Gate. He is author on ABP Live and Entrepreneur Magazine.
Statue of Subhas Chandra Bose, also known as the Netaji's Statue, is a monolithic statue made of black granite, dedicated to Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, Indian freedom fighter and Commander-in-Chief of Indian National Army. The statue 28 feet (8.5 m) in total height, including a 8 feet (2.4 m) in total width. It is placed under the canopy behind India Gate in Delhi. The statue was sculpted by Mysuru-based sculptor Arun Yogiraj, whose other prominent works include the Statue of Adi Shankaracharya in Kedarnath. Prominent attendees at the dedication ceremony in 2022 included Prime Minister Narendra Modi, members of his cabinet, MP Hardeep Singh Puri, G. Kishan Reddy and Arjun Ram Meghwal.
Purabi Roy is an Indian multi-disciplinary researcher, author, and an eminent scholar in Russian language and history. She has been visiting professor at Moscow State University and Saint Petersburg State University in Russian Federation from 2000 to 2006. She is acknowledged as one of the foremost and veteran researchers on Subhas Chandra Bose and a former member of Indian Council of Historical Research.
Cuttack Netaji Bus Terminal or CNBT, is a hi-tech bus stand currently being built by the Odisha Bridge and Construction Corporation (OBCC) over 14.95 acres of land in Khannagar, Cuttack at a cost of ₹90.2 crores. A three-storey bus terminal building has been constructed over two acre land with numerous facilities in offing. The bus terminal is named after the illustrious son of Odisha, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose.
References
- ↑ Nair, Uma (6 December 2018). "NGMA'S Gadanayak redefines modernism". Times of India.
- ↑ Vishnoi, Anubhuti (24 August 2016). "Adwaita Gadanayak to head National Gallery of Modern Art". The Economic Times.
- ↑ Ghosh, Poulomi (23 January 2022). "5 things to know about sculptor Adwaita Gadanayak who will make India Gate Netaji statue". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
- ↑ "PM to unveil National Police Memorial today". The Hindu. 20 October 2018. ISSN 0971-751X . Retrieved 7 October 2022.
- ↑ A, Divya (25 January 2022). "'Netaji's personality and character have to come alive'". The Indian Express. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
- ↑ Sahu, Diana (22 January 2022). "Eminent Odia sculptor Adwaita Gadanayak to carve Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose statue at India Gate". The New Indian Express.
- ↑ PTI (21 January 2022). "Netaji's statue at India Gate to be 25 feet high : NMAG director". ThePrint. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
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