Alette Marie Engelhart, née Nicolaysen (7 May 1896 – 13 August 1984) was a Norwegian housewives' leader.
She was born in Kristiania as a daughter of captain and engineer Anton Martin Schweigaard Nicolaysen (1870–1907) and Dorothea Jeanette Horn (1870–1943). She was a niece of Hassa Horn [1] and a grandniece of Hassa Horn, Sr.
Oslo is the capital and most populous city of Norway. It constitutes both a county and a municipality. Founded in the year 1040 as Ánslo, and established as a kaupstad or trading place in 1048 by Harald Hardrada, the city was elevated to a bishopric in 1070 and a capital under Haakon V of Norway around 1300. Personal unions with Denmark from 1397 to 1523 and again from 1536 to 1814 reduced its influence, and with Sweden from 1814 to 1905 it functioned as a co-official capital. After being destroyed by a fire in 1624, during the reign of King Christian IV, a new city was built closer to Akershus Fortress and named Christiania in the king's honour. It was established as a municipality (formannskapsdistrikt) on 1 January 1838. The city's name was spelled Kristiania between 1877 and 1897 by state and municipal authorities. In 1925 the city was renamed Oslo.
She finished her secondary education at Frogner School in 1915, and graduated as a teacher from Nissen School in 1916. After four years as a teacher at Frogner School, in 1920 she married veterinarian Bernt Engelhart (1889–1961), a son of politician Thomas von Westen Engelhart. The family moved around in Norway a lot, among others to Harstad and Eidsvoll. [1]
Examen artium was the name of the academic certification conferred in Denmark and Norway, qualifying the student for admission to university studies. Examen artium was originally introduced as the entrance exam of the University of Copenhagen in 1630. The University of Copenhagen was the only university of Denmark-Norway until The Royal Frederick University in Christiania was founded in 1811.
Frogner School was a Norwegian secondary school at Frogner in Oslo. The school was a continuation of the Gjertsen School, which had been founded in 1869. Gjertsen School moved from St. Olavs Plads to Niels Juels Gade at Frogner in 1899 and was renamed Frogner School in 1900. The school included a Realskole and a Gymnasium, which prepared pupils for the university entrance exam. As it was a private school and located in the wealthy borough of Frogner, and also because few people attended either Realskole or Gymnasium in those times, it almost exclusively served the higher bourgeoisie. The school was sold to Christiania municipality in 1918, and was closed in 1970. Its building in Niels Juels gate 52 was subsequently taken over by its neighbour, the Hartvig Nissen School.
Engelhart became active in the Norwegian Housewives' Association (from 1997: the Norwegian Women and Family Association), and after the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany when she housewife association work had largely been abandoned, Engelhart took the helm of the whole organization in 1946, chairing it until 1959. [1] [2]
Engelhart was also a member of several committees and councils to improve housework and domestic science, and she was a board member of the Norwegian National Women's Council. From 1956 to 1960 she chaired the Nordic Housewives' Association. She chaired the United Nations Association of Norway from 1948 to 1952, and was active in Foreningen Norden and Landsforeningen Norsk Arbeide. [1]
The Norwegian National Women's Council was founded on 8 January 1904 as an umbrella organization for the various Norwegian women's associations. It was established by Gina Krog whose international contacts had revealed that the International Council of Women was keen to include a delegation from Norway. As a result of diminishing interest, the organization discontinued its work at the end of 1989.
The United Nations Association of Norway is an information organisation in Norway.
Foreningen Norden, Föreningen Norden (Swedish), Norræna félagið (Icelandic), Norrøna Felagið (Faroese), Peqatigiiffik Nunat Avannarliit (Greenlandic) and Pohjola-Norden (Finnish), The Nordic Associations, sometimes referred to as The Norden Associations are non-governmental organisations in the Nordic countries promoting civil cooperation between the Nordic countries. Established since 1919, there are Nordic Associations in Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Greenland, the Faroe Islands and Åland. Since 1965 these national branches are grouped in an umbrella organisation Foreningene Nordens Forbund (FNF), The Confederation of Nordic Associations. The co-operation between the Nordic countries include projetcs such as Nordjobb, Nordic Library Week and Norden at the Cinema.
She was decorated as a Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav in 1955. She died in August 1984 in Oslo. [1]
The Royal Norwegian Order of Saint Olav is a Norwegian order of chivalry instituted by King Oscar I on August 21, 1847. It is named after King Olav II, known to posterity as St. Olav.
