The Alidosi or Alodosi are a family of Romagna, Italy, who held the signoria of the city of Imola during the Late Middle Ages. They were originary of the Santerno valley.
The Alidosi or Alodosi are a family of Romagna, Italy, who held the signoria of the city of Imola during the Late Middle Ages. They were originary of the Santerno valley.
During the 13th century, the Alidosi supported the Guelph cause during the Guelphs and Ghibellines conflicts. [1]
The Alidosis ruled Imola beginning with 1341, when Pope Benedict XII turned the city and its territory over to Lippo II Alidosi with the title of pontifical vicar. The family would rule the city until 1424, when it would be stripped from them by Filippo Maria Visconti, forcing them to retreat to the countryside seigniory of Castel del Rio, in the Romagna Apennines. [2] [3]
Several member of the Alidosi family were employed by the Grand Duke of Tuscany which put them at odds with the Papal States and the Roman Inquisition. In 1608, Rodrigo, the then head of the family, was accused of various offences, chief among them protecting Germans. This resulted in a lengthy trial which saw the Grand Duke clash with the prosecuting efforts of the Inquisition. [4] [5]
They were ultimately ousted from the Castel del Rio in 1638 by Pope Urban VIII.
Another notable member was Cardinal Francesco Alidosi (1455–1511), who was a friend of Pope Julius II. He is mentioned by several sources as having been appointed Cardinal protector of England in 1509, but this appointment "cannot be exactly established" as his only surviving letters to England do not mention the protectorate. He was murdered in 1511 by members of the Duke of Urbino's entourage, after being accused of treason. [6] [7]
The House of Orsini is an Italian noble family that was one of the most influential princely families in medieval Italy and Renaissance Rome. Members of the Orsini family include five popes: Stephen II (752–757), Paul I (757–767), Celestine III (1191–1198), Nicholas III (1277–1280), and Benedict XIII (1724–1730). The family also included 34 cardinals, numerous condottieri, and other significant political and religious figures. The Orsini are part of the Black nobility who were Roman aristocratic families who supported the Popes in the governance of the Papal States.
Pope Martin V, born OttoColonna, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 11 November 1417 to his death in February 1431. His election effectively ended the Western Schism of 1378–1417. He is the last pope to date to take on the pontifical name "Martin".
Pope Julius III, born Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 22 February 1550 to his death, in March 1555.
Saeculum obscurum, also known as the Pornocracy or the Rule of the Harlots, was a period in the history of the papacy during the first two thirds of the 10th century, following the chaos after the death of Pope Formosus in 896 which saw seven or eight papal elections in as many years. It began with the installation of Pope Sergius III in 904 and lasted for 60 years until the death of Pope John XII in 964. During this period, the popes were influenced strongly by a powerful and allegedly corrupt aristocratic family, the Theophylacti, and their relatives and allies. The era is seen as one of the lowest points of the history of the papal office.
Imola is a city and comune in the Metropolitan City of Bologna, located on the river Santerno, in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern Italy. The city is traditionally considered the western entrance to the historical region Romagna.
Duke of Camerino is a title of nobility, originally in Papal peerage. It was created on 1503 by Apostolic authority of Pope Alexander VI and cardinal council over the ancient Marquissate of Camerino, which was part of the Dukedom of Spoleto.
Francesco Alidosi was an Italian cardinal, diplomat and condottiero, remembered as a friend and favourite of Pope Julius II, used by Michelangelo to smooth his relations with his difficult patron. He accompanied Giuliano della Rovere to France in 1494, and continued in favour when Della Rovere was elected pope, becoming Pope Julius II. Alidosi was elected as bishop of Mileto in 1504, and then transferred to the see of Pavia on 26 March 1505. He occupied the seat until his murder in 1511.
The Diocese of Imola is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in Romagna, northern Italy. It is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Bologna. The diocese had originally been a suffragan of the metropolitan of Milan, and was then subject to the Archbishop of Ravenna until 1582, when Pope Gregory XIII made Bologna an archbishopric and assigned it two suffragans, Imola and Cervia. In 1604, however, Pope Clement VIII returned them to the metropolitanate of Ravenna. Pope Pius VII transferred Imola back to the metropolitanate of Bologna.
Borgo Tossignano is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Bologna in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 30 km (19 mi) southeast of Bologna.
Giovanni Visconti (1290–1354) was an Italian Roman Catholic cardinal, who was co-ruler in Milan and lord of other Italian cities. He also was a military leader who fought against Florence, and used force to capture and hold other cities.
Roberto Alidosi was a lord of Imola in the 14th century.
The 1572 papal conclave, convoked after the death of Pope Pius V, elected Cardinal Ugo Boncompagni, who took the name Gregory XIII.
Bertrando Alidosi was an Italian condottiere and the Lord of Imola(as Papal vicar) from 1372 until 1391. He was the son of Roberto Alidosi, and succeeded in his signoria to Azzo Alidosi, to whom he had been associated by will of Pope Urban V. In 1365 he had been also made lord of Castel del Rio, Monte del Fine and Castiglione. The two brothers were jailed in Bologna two times by the papal forces, but they were permitted to return soon to Imola. In 1371 he was forced by a rebellion to flee shortly at Avignon with Pope Gregory XI.
Niccolò Bonafede was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Chiusi (1504–1533).
Cianghella della Tosa lived in late medieval Florence, Italy. She was born into the Florentine Della Tosa family and married into the Alidosi family of Imola, near Bologna. Most of what is known about Cianghella is due to her reference in Dante's Divine Comedy.
Giacomo Orsini, also spelled Jacopo Orsini, was a Roman prelate, the cardinal deacon of San Giorgio in Velabro from 1371 until his death shortly after the start of the Western Schism.
Roderigo or Rodrigo Alidosi was an Italian nobleman, diplomat and courtier in the service of the Medici family. A member of Alidosi family, he was the penultimate lord of Castel del Rio.
Ciro Alidosi was a 16th-century Italian nobleman, diplomat, and lord of Castel del Rio, known for his service to the Medici and his controversial governance.
Palazzo Alidosi is a 16th-century palace in Castel del Rio, Italy, built as a combined fortress and residence for the noble Alidosi family. It stands as a well-preserved example of Renaissance military architecture, with its unique diamond-shaped bastions and Renaissance courtyard.