[[KDI School of Public Policy and Management]] ([[Master of Public Policy|MPP]])
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Ambachew Mekonnen (Ge'ez :አምባቸውመኮንን;c. 1971 –22 June 2019) was an Ethiopian politician and economist who served as the president of the Amhara Region of Ethiopia from March 2019 until his assassination in a coup attempt on June 22,2019. [1]
Ambachew Mekonnen was born in Tach Gayint,South Gondar,to a family of farmers. [2] His secondary education was interrupted due to the Ethiopian Civil War,when his school was closed,and he joined the Ethiopian People's Democratic Movement (EPDM,later ANDM) as a guerrilla in 1990. He completed his secondary studies via distance education and was appointed an administrator in Abichuna Gne'a and Sheno in North Shewa.
He went on to receive a BA in economics from the Ethiopian Civil Service University,an MPP from the Korea Development Institute,and an MSc in international finance and economic development and a PhD in Economics from the University of Kent,writing his dissertation on "Economic growth,trade and investment in sub-Saharan Africa:nexus and determinants”. [3]
Before his appointment as president of the Amhara Region,he served in various roles,including the Ministry of Housing and Urban Development,Ethiopia. He also served as an infrastructure adviser in the Prime Minister's office prior to his selection as regional President on 6 March 2019,replacing Gedu Andargachew.
Ambachew was shot dead on 22 June 2019 in Bahir Dar,Ethiopia,by a supposed hit squad during a coup attempt in the Amhara region. [4] His adviser was also killed in the coup. [5]
Bahir Dar is the capital city of Amhara Region,Ethiopia. Bahir Dar is one of the leading tourist destinations in Ethiopia,with a variety of attractions in the nearby Lake Tana and Blue Nile river. The city is known for its wide avenues lined with palm trees and a variety of colorful flowers. In 2002,it was awarded the UNESCO Cities for Peace Prize for addressing the challenges of rapid urbanization.
The Amhara Region,officially the Amhara National Regional State,is a regional state in northern Ethiopia and the homeland of the Amhara,Awi,Xamir,Argoba,and Qemant people. Its capital is Bahir Dar which is the seat of the Regional Government of Amhara. Amhara is the site of the largest inland body of water in Ethiopia,Lake Tana,and Semien Mountains National Park. Amhara is bordered by Sudan to the west and northwest and by other the regions of Ethiopia:Tigray to the north,Afar to the east,Benishangul-Gumuz to the west and southwest,and Oromia to the south. Towns and cities in Amhara include:Bahir Dar,Dessie,Gonder,Debre Birhan,Debre Tabor,Kombolcha,Weldiya,Debre Markos,Seqota,Kobo,and Metema.
Lay Gayint is a woreda in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Debub Gondar Zone,Lay Gayint is bordered on the south by Tach Gayint and Simada,on the southwest by Misraq Este,on the west by Farta,on the north by Ebenat,and on the east by the Semien Wollo Zone. The administrative center is Nefas Mewcha;other towns in Lay Guyint include Gobgob and Sali.
The Ethiopian Civil Service University (ECSU) is a public university in Ethiopia. Its purpose is capacity building in the public sector. It is located in the capital city of Addis Ababa and was founded in 1995.
Abiy Ahmed Ali is an Ethiopian politician who is the current Prime Minister of Ethiopia since 2018 and the leader of the Prosperity Party since 2019. He was awarded the 2019 Nobel Peace Prize "for his efforts to achieve peace and international cooperation,and in particular for his decisive initiative to resolve the border conflict with neighbouring Eritrea". Abiy served as the third chairman of the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) that governed Ethiopia for 28 years and the first person of Oromo descent to hold that position. Abiy is a member of the Ethiopian parliament,and was a member of the Oromo Democratic Party (ODP),one of the then four coalition parties of the EPRDF,until its rule ceased in 2019 and he formed his own party,the Prosperity Party.
Events of 2019 in Ethiopia.
The 2019 Amhara Region coup d'état attempt was an attempted coup d'état against the Amhara Regional government on 22 June 2019,during which factions of the Amhara Region's Peace and Security Bureau assassinated the Amhara Regional President Ambachew Mekonnen. A bodyguard siding with the nationalist factions also assassinated General Se'are Mekonnen,the Chief of General Staff of the Ethiopian National Defense Force,as well as his aide Major General Gizae Aberra.
Se'are Mekonnen was an Ethiopian general who served as the Chief of General Staff of the Ethiopian National Defense Force from 2018 until his assassination on 22 June 2019.
Gedu Andargachew is an Ethiopian politician who has served as the National Security Affairs Advisor to the prime minister of Ethiopia since 4 November 2020 to 9 June 2022. He served as president of the Amhara Region from 2013 to 2019 and served as deputy president of the region and head of the agriculture bureau. He also served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs from April 2019 to November 2020.
Brigadier General Asaminew Tsige was an Ethiopian military officer who served as chief of the regional security forces in the Amhara Region during part of 2019. He had previously been serving a life sentence in relation to an alleged coup attempt staged by Ginbot 7. During his imprisonment,he was allegedly tortured and lost sight in one eye. He was released in 2018 and restored to his prior rank and pension.
Getachew Reda Kahsay is an Ethiopian politician who is the Chief Administrator of the Interim Regional Administration of Tigray since the Office of the Prime Minister of Ethiopia announced his appointment on 23 March 2023. Before assuming power as chief administrator,he was a longtime advisor to the former president of the Tigray Region,Debretsion Gebremichael.
The Benishangul-Gumuz conflict was an armed conflict mostly in the Metekel Zone of the Benishangul-Gumuz Region in Ethiopia that started in 2019,until peace agreement signed between the rebel groups and the government of Ethiopia in October 2022.
The ongoing Ethiopian civil conflict began with the 2018 dissolution of the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (ERPDF),an ethnic federalist,dominant party political coalition. After the 20-year border conflict between Ethiopia and Eritrea,a decade of internal tensions,two years of protests,and a state of emergency,Hailemariam Desalegn resigned on 15 February 2018 as prime minister and EPRDF chairman,and there were hopes of peace under his successor Abiy Ahmed. However,war broke out in the Tigray Region,with resurgent regional and ethnic factional attacks throughout Ethiopia. The civil wars caused substantial human rights violations,war crimes,and extrajudicial killings.
Temesgen Tiruneh is an Ethiopian politician who is serving as the current Deputy Prime Minister of Ethiopia since 8 February 2024. He previously served as the director general of National Intelligence and Security Service of Ethiopia since 2020
The government of Amhara Region is composed of the executive branch,led by the President;the legislative branch,which comprises the Regional Council;and the judicial branch,which is led by the Regional Supreme Court. The Amhara Region alongside almost all other regions are based on a singular ethnicity excluding Chartered Cities,Addis Ababa,and Dire Dawa and the Region Southern Nations,Nationalities,and Peoples' Region.
The political history of Africa in the 2010s covers political events in the continent between 2010 and 2019.
Abiy Ahmed is currently the third serving Prime Minister of Ethiopia. In 2018,he became the first ever Oromo descent to assume the role of prime minister in the history of Ethiopia. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in his second year as a prime minister of Ethiopia in 2019 becoming the eighth African laureates to win the award for peace.
The 1995 Ethiopian Federal Constitution formalizes an ethnic federalism law aimed at undermining long-standing ethnic imperial rule,reducing ethnic tensions,promoting regional autonomy,and upholding unqualified rights to self-determination and secession in a state with more than 80 different ethnic groups. But the constitution is divisive,both among Ethiopian nationalists who believe it undermines centralized authority and fuels interethnic conflict,and among ethnic federalists who fear that the development of its vague components could lead to authoritarian centralization or even the maintenance of minority ethnic hegemony. Parliamentary elections since 1995 have taken place every five years since enactment. All but one of these have resulted in government by members of the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) political coalition,under three prime ministers. The EPRDF was under the effective control of the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF),which represents a small ethnic minority. In 2019 the EPRDF,under Abiy,was dissolved and he inaugurated the pan-ethnic Prosperity Party which won the 2021 Ethiopian Election,returning him as prime minister. But both political entities were different kinds of responses to the ongoing tension between constitutional ethnic federalism and the Ethiopian state's authority. Over the same period,and all administrations,a range of major conflicts with ethnic roots have occurred or continued,and the press and availability of information have been controlled. There has also been dramatic economic growth and liberalization,which has itself been attributed to,and used to justify,authoritarian state policy.
Bahir Dar is the capital city of the Amhara Region in Ethiopia.
Lake Ayalew is an Ethiopian politician who is Minister of Revenue since 2021. He was acting President of Amhara Region from 23 June 2019 after the assassination of then-President Ambachew Mekonnen. He remained acting governor of Amhara Region throughout 2019. Lake was a member of Central Committee of the Amhara Democratic Party in October 2018.
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