Arnaut Osman is a hero of Serbian, Albanian, and Bosniak epic poetry. The Serbo-Croatian language songs about Arnaut Osman include Young Marjan and Arnaut Osman, Sekula and Arnaut Osman and Mujo Hrnjica kills Simun Brehulja. Albanian language songs about Arnaut Osman include Sirotan Alia and Arnaut Osman. The name of this here consists of personal name Osman and ethnonym Arnaut (Albanian). [1]
The song Young Marjan and Arnaut Osman (Serbian : Млади Марјан и Арнаут-Осман) was recorded by Vuk Karadžić (Narodne srpske pjesme III, Lajpcig, 1823), based on the singing of Anđelko Vuković from Kosovo [2] (from whose singing Vuk recorded totally four songs). [3] The main motif of this song is brotherhood and conciliation. [4]
Another song recorded by Vuk Karadžić (also in 1823) is titled Sekula and Arnaut Osman [5]
The song Mujo Hrnjica kills Simun Brehulja (Bosnian : Mujo Hrnjica pogubi Simuna Brehulju) is evidence that Arnaut Osman was one of famous bayraktars in the epic poetry of Bosniaks. [6] In this song, Christian hero Siun Brehulja inflicted deadly wounds to Arnaut Osman and killed cheteniks under his command. [7]
Some singers of this song referred to Osman as Captain Osman instead of Arnaut Osman. [8] Some variants of this song are titled Mujo Hrnjica Liberates His Blood-Brother Arnaut Osman [9]
Arnaut Osman is one of the heroes of the novel written by Đura Jakšić. [10]
Arnaut Osman is also a hero of the Albanian epic poetry. He is one of main characters in the song Sirotan Alia and Arnaut Osman (Albanian : Siran Tin Alia dhe Arnaut Osmani) [11] Albanian epic poetry had almost identic song to song about Mali Radojica, although the name of the hero is not Mali Radojica but Arnaut Osman. [12]
Miloš Obilić was a legendary Serbian knight who is reputed to have been in the service of Prince Lazar during the Ottoman invasion of Serbia in the late 14th century. He is not mentioned in contemporary sources, but features prominently in later accounts of the 1389 Battle of Kosovo as the assassin of Sultan Murad. The assassin remains anonymous in sources until the late 15th century, though the dissemination of the story of Murad's assassination in Florentine, Serbian, Ottoman and Greek sources suggests that versions of it circulated widely across the Balkans within half a century of the event.
Serbian epic poetry is a form of epic poetry created by Serbs originating in today's Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro and North Macedonia. The main cycles were composed by unknown Serb authors between the 14th and 19th centuries. They are largely concerned with historical events and personages. The instrument accompanying the epic poetry is the gusle.
The gusle or lahuta is a bowed single-stringed musical instrument traditionally used in the Dinarides region of Southeastern Europe. The instrument is always accompanied by singing; musical folklore, specifically epic poetry. The gusle player holds the instrument vertically between the knees, with the left hand fingers on the string. The string is never pressed to the neck, giving a harmonic and unique sound.
Gjergj Elez Alia or Đerzelez Alija is a legendary character found in the epic poetry and literature of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Gora, Kosovo and northern Albania. The legendary character is believed to have been a popular Muslim epic hero of the Bosnian Krajina from the end of the 15th century. He is one of the well known legendary heroes and a symbol of brotherly loyalty to both the Bosniaks and Albanians.
'More Sokol Pie is a traditional folk song from the region of Macedonia, particularly popular in Bulgaria and North Macedonia. There are several versions of this song. Probably the earliest record of an early version of this song was in 1837, by Serbian author Petar Petrović Samopodlužanin. The song was recorded by Podlužanin from a Bulgarian immigrant in Serbia and in the text there are Serbian language influences made either by the person recording or by the person relating the lyrics. Many other versions of this song with motif of falcon drinking water from Vardar were published at the beginning of the 20th century in then Southern Serbia. Numerous performers of this song include Toše Proeski, Hanka Paldum, Kostadin Gugov, Aleksandar Sarievski, Nikola Badev, Volodya Stoyanov and "Episode" group.
Mali Radojica is a Serbian hajduk and Serb epic poem of the same name. The poem follows his life surviving torture by the Turks in an Ottoman prison, later successfully escaping with the help of a Turkish girl who is in love with him and getting revenge on Bećir-aga and his wife. The song belongs to the Hajduk-Uskok cycle.
The Kângë Kreshnikësh are the traditional songs of the heroic legendary cycle of Albanian epic poetry. They are the product of Albanian culture and folklore orally transmitted down the generations by the Albanian lahutarë who perform them singing to the accompaniment of the lahutë. The Albanian traditional singing of epic verse from memory is one of the last survivors of its kind in modern Europe, and the last survivor of the Balkan traditions. The poems of the cycle belong to the heroic genre, reflecting the legends that portray and glorify the heroic deeds of the warriors of indefinable old times. The epic poetry about past warriors is an Indo-European tradition shared with South Slavs, but also with other heroic cultures such as those of early Greece, classical India, early medieval England and medieval Germany.
The Vojinović family was a medieval Serbian noble family which during the 14th century played an important role in the Serbian Empire, especially after the death of Emperor Dušan, when during the Fall of the Serbian Empire its representative Grand Dukes Vojislav Vojinović, and later his cousin Nikola Altomanović (1366–1373) were the strongest district masters in medieval Serbia.
Avram Miletić was a merchant and writer of epic folk songs who is best known for writing the earliest collection of urban lyric poetry in Serbian between 1778 and 1781.
Musa Kesedžija, Musa Arbanas, also described as Musa the Robber, Musa the Outlaw, Musa the Highwayman or Musa the Beheader, is a popular legendary villain of Serbian epic poetry and Bulgarian and Macedonian folklore. He is most famous as a rival of Prince Marko, a hero of Serbian and South Slavic folklore.
Tešan Podrugović was Serbian merchant, hayduk, storyteller and gusle player who participated in the First Serbian Uprising and Second Serbian Uprising. He was one of the most important sources for Serbian epic poetry recorded by Vuk Karadžić. Podrugović did not sing but used to 'speak' his poems; he understood and felt the poems and thought about what he said. He was Serbia's best known fiddle player (guslar) after Filip Višnjić.
Djemo the Mountaineer is a popular legendary hero of Serbian epic poetry who is depicted as enemy of Kraljević Marko and brother of Musa Kesedžija. His figure might be based on an actual historical person. There are (disputed) claims that he was a member of Muzaka noble family from Albania or maybe the Ottoman soldier Jegen Osman Pasha. Some authors, such as Russian folklorist Khalansky, connected him with Svyatogor, which is also disputed by some other scholars.
General Vuča or General Vuka is a popular legendary hero of Serbian epic poetry who is depicted as an enemy of Kraljević Marko.
The Building of Skadar or The Walling of the Skadar or The Founding of Skadar is a poem of the pre-Kosovo cycle of Serbian epic poetry. It is based on the motif of human sacrifice.
Mihajlo Svilojević, sometimes crni ban Mihail, is a hero of Serbian epic poetry based on the historical figure of Michael Szilágyi.
Korun Aramija or Korun Haramija or Korun Kesedžija is a popular legendary hero of Serbian epic poetry and Bulgarian and Macedonian folklore. He is known as a rival of either Prince Marko or Nenad Jugović, other heroes of South Slavic folklore. The epic hero Korun Aramija is based on actual historical person, Theodor Corona Musachi from Muzaka family that was in conflict with Prince Marko over the town of Kastoria.
The Perast manuscript is a manuscript written around 1700 which contains the earliest records of the heroic songs in decasyllable verse.
Grujica Žeravica was a Serb hajduk commander active in the Ottoman territories of Herzegovina and southern Dalmatia during the Venetian–Ottoman war (1645–69). The hajduks, Ottoman subjects, crossed into Venetian territory from where they "jumped into" Ottoman territory. These guerilla forces closely cooperated and were recruited by the Republic of Venice to defend the Venetian–Ottoman frontier during the war. He was a comrade of acclaimed Bajo Pivljanin.
The Hrnjica brothers are heroes of epic poetry in Bosnia. The names of the brothers are Mujo, Halil and Omer. The epic poetry also mentions their beautiful sister Ajkuna. Mujo is hypocorism of Mustafa. There are several toponyms in the region of Velika Kladuša named after Hrnjica brothers, i.e. Well of Hrnjica or the Tower of Hrnjica. Songs about the Hrnjica brothers can usually be put in the "Krajišnik" cycle. This cycle deals with the frequent raids and battles that happened in Bosnia, which at one time was a border province of the Ottoman Empire.
Bosniak epic poetry is a form of epic poetry originating in today's Bosnia and Herzegovina and in the Sandžak region, which is a part of modern-day Serbia and Montenegro. Bosniak epic poetry developed during the Ottoman period. Historically, they were accompanied by the Gusle. The theory of oral-formulaic composition was developed also through the scholarly study of Bosnian epic verse.
Од Ангелка ВуковиКа са Косова, из села Ораовца у околини Вучитрна, Вук КарациК je забележио песме: Млади MapjaH и Арнаут Осман...
... (у KOJOJ доминира мотив помирен>а и братишьен>а).