Arthur Howland Young

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Arthur Howland Young (December 19, 1882 - March 4, 1964) was an American engineer, vice president of U.S. Steel, lecturer at the Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration and the California Institute of Technology, [1] pioneer of management-labor relations, [2] and recipient of the Henry Laurence Gantt Medal in 1933.

U.S. Steel US steel-producing company

United States Steel Corporation, more commonly known as U.S. Steel, is an American integrated steel producer headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, with production operations in the United States and Central Europe. As of 2016, the company was the world's 24th-largest steel producer and second-largest domestic producer, trailing only Nucor Corporation.

California Institute of Technology private research university located in Pasadena, California

The California Institute of Technology (Caltech) is a private doctorate-granting research university in Pasadena, California. Known for its strength in natural science and engineering, Caltech is often ranked as one of the world's top-ten universities.

The Henry Laurence Gantt Medal was established in 1929 by the American Management Association and the Management section of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers for "distinguished achievement in management and service to the community" in honour of Henry Laurence Gantt. By the year 1984 in total 45 medals had been awarded.

Contents

Biography

Young was born in Joliet, Illinois to Edward Howland Young and Carrie E. Chidsey Young. Young had received some regular education, and started his career at young age as laborer.

Joliet, Illinois City in Illinois, United States

Joliet is a city in Will and Kendall counties in the U.S. state of Illinois, 30 miles (48 km) southwest of Chicago. It is the county seat of Will County and a major part of the southwest Chicago metropolitan area. At the 2010 census, the city was the fourth largest in Illinois, with a population of 147,433. A population estimate in 2018 put Joliet's population at 150,495, which would make it the 3rd largest city in Illinois if accurate.

Young worked his way up, and started in the steel industry at the south Chicago plants of the Illinois Steel Company. Later he joined the International Harvester Company, where he became manager of industrial relations. In World War I he served as chief safety experts of arsenal and navy. [2] From 1918 to 1937 he spend the rest of his career at United States Steel, where he had been vice president of the corporation. [1]

The Illinois Steel Company was an American steel producer with five plants in Illinois and Wisconsin. Founded through a consolidation in 1889, Illinois Steel grew to become the largest steel producer in the United States. In 1898, several other steel and transportation companies were merged into it to form the Federal Steel Company, itself merged into U.S. Steel in 1901.

International Harvester company

The International Harvester Company was a United States manufacturer of agricultural machinery, construction equipment, trucks, automobiles, and household and commercial products. Its reorganized successor, after spin-off of several of those businesses, is Navistar International.

World War I 1914–1918 global war originating in Europe

World War I, also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as "the war to end all wars", it led to the mobilisation of more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, making it one of the largest wars in history. It is also one of the deadliest conflicts in history, with an estimated nine million combatants and seven million civilian deaths as a direct result of the war, while resulting genocides and the 1918 influenza pandemic caused another 50 to 100 million deaths worldwide.

In 1955 Young was one of the most prominent opponents of the National Labor Relations Act. In a famous 1935 comment he had stated he would "rather go to jail or be convicted as a felon... [than accept] any formula for the conduct of human relationships in industry imposed on us by demogogues." [1]

Young furthermore was president of the National Safety Council, and lecturer in industrial relations at the Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration from 1929 to 1934 [3] and at Stanford University on the Caltech faculty from 1939 to 1952. [2] During World War II he was special consultant to the Secretary of War and took part in the President's Council of Personnel Administration and the Federal Advisory Council of United States Employment Service. [1]

National Safety Council nonprofit, nongovernmental public service organization promoting health and safety in the USA

The National Safety Council (NSC) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit, public service organization promoting health and safety in the United States of America. Headquartered in Itasca, Illinois, NSC is a member organization, founded in 1913 and granted a congressional charter in 1953. Members include more than 55,000 businesses, labor organizations, schools, public agencies, private groups and individuals.

Stanford University private research university located in Stanford, California, United States

Leland Stanford Junior University is an American private research university in Stanford, California. Stanford is known for its academic strength, wealth, proximity to Silicon Valley, and ranking as one of the world's top universities.

World War II 1939–1945 global war

World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. A state of total war emerged, directly involving more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. The major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease, and the only use of nuclear weapons in war.

In 1933 Young was awarded the Henry Laurence Gantt Medal by the American Management Association and the ASME for his pioneering work in safety and industrial relations for United States Steel Corporation. [4] In 1944 the US Navy awarded him the Meritorious Civilian Service Emblem. [2]

American Management Association

The American Management Association (AMA) is an American non-profit educational membership organization for the promotion of management, based in New York City. The association has its headquarter in New York City, and has local head-offices throughout the world.

ASME professional association

The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) is an American professional association that, in its own words, "promotes the art, science, and practice of multidisciplinary engineering and allied sciences around the globe" via "continuing education, training and professional development, codes and standards, research, conferences and publications, government relations, and other forms of outreach." ASME is thus an engineering society, a standards organization, a research and development organization, an advocacy organization, a provider of training and education, and a nonprofit organization. Founded as an engineering society focused on mechanical engineering in North America, ASME is today multidisciplinary and global.

Meritorious Civilian Service Award

The Meritorious Civilian Service Award is commonly the second highest award and medal provided to civilian employees within agencies of the federal government of the United States. However, the various agencies' awards are not directly comparable. For example, the US Army Meritorious Civilian Service Award is equivalent to the US military Legion of Merit, while the US Air Force Meritorious Civilian Service Award is equivalent to the lower US military Meritorious Service Medal.

Selected publications

Articles, a selection

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Arthur Young, 81, Ex‐U.S. Steel Aide." in: New York Times, March 7, 1964.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Arthur H. Young - Engineering & Science - Caltech, 1964," at calteches.library.caltech.edu. Accessed 10-05-2017.
  3. Harvard University (1937), Historical register of Harvard University, 1636-1936. p. 477
  4. Lester Robert Bittel, Muriel Albers Bittel (1978), Encyclopedia of professional management, p. 456