Zaragoza also known in English as Saragossa, is the capital city of the province of Zaragoza and of the autonomous community of Aragon, Spain. It lies by the Ebro river and its tributaries, the Huerva and the Gállego, roughly in the centre of both Aragon and the Ebro basin.
The Peninsular War (1807–1814) was the military conflict fought in the Iberian Peninsula by Portugal, Spain and the United Kingdom against the invading and occupying forces of the First French Empire during the Napoleonic Wars. In Spain, it is considered to overlap with the Spanish War of Independence.
The Battle of Tudela saw an Imperial French army led by Marshal Jean Lannes attack a Spanish army under General Castaños. The battle resulted in the complete victory of the Imperial forces over their adversaries. The combat occurred near Tudela in Navarre, Spain during the Peninsular War, part of a wider conflict known as the Napoleonic Wars.
Émile Jean-Horace Vernet more commonly known as simply Horace Vernet, was a French painter of battles, portraits, and Orientalist subjects.
January Suchodolski was a Polish painter and Army officer, and a member of the Imperial Academy of Arts.
The 1808 siege of Zaragoza was a bloody struggle in the Peninsular War. A French army under General Lefebvre-Desnouettes and subsequently commanded by General Jean-Antoine Verdier besieged, repeatedly stormed, and was repulsed from the Spanish city of Zaragoza in the summer of 1808.
The siege of Zaragoza was the French capture of the Spanish city of Zaragoza in 1809 during the Peninsular War. It was particularly noted for its brutality. The city was heavily outnumbered against the French. However, the desperate resistance put up by the Army of Reserve and its civilian allies had been heroic: a great part of the city lay in ruins, the garrison had suffered 24,000 deaths being augmented by 30,000 civilians dead.
The third siege of Girona occurred in northern Catalonia, Spain from 6 May to 12 December 1809, during the Napoleonic Wars. A significant event of the Peninsular War, France's Grande Armée lay siege to the town of Girona for seven months. Girona was strategically important because it controlled the main road between France and Spain.
Agustina Raimunda María Saragossa i Domènech, better known as Agustina of Aragón, was a Spanish woman who defended Spain during the Peninsular War, first as a civilian and later as a professional officer in the Spanish Army. Known as "the Spanish Joan of Arc," she has been the subject of much folklore, mythology, and artwork, including sketches by Francisco Goya and the poetry of Lord Byron.
The First Battle of Valencia was an attack on the Spanish city of Valencia on 26 June 1808, early in the Peninsular War. Marshal Moncey's French Imperial troops failed to take the city by storm and retreated upon Madrid, leaving much of eastern Spain unconquered and beyond the reach of Napoleon.
The Abbey of Santa Engracia was a monastery in Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain, established to house the relics of Saint Engratia and the many martyrs of Saragossa. The date of 392 was traditionally claimed as a foundation date, which was linked with the travels of Saint Paulinus. The church was believed to have been sited on the spot of the martyrdom of Engratia.
Marcelino de Unceta y López was an artist, illustrator, and painter of Zaragoza and Madrid. Unceta produced historical paintings, especially those of military history, as well as illustrating sketches and posters meant for advertising. He is known for creating in 1879 what is considered the first poster for a bullfight. His memorable drawings of horses and bulls in his posters made him a well-known artist in Spain of the time.
Juan O'Neylle was a Spanish Army officer who served in the Peninsular War. He is best known as one of the commanders during the Spanish defeat at the Battle of Tudela.
The second siege of Girona was the second unsuccessful French attempt to capture the city of Girona during the Peninsular War, part of the Napoleonic Wars.
Fernando Brambila, or Ferdinando Brambilla, was an Italian painter and engraver who spent most of his life in Spain, where he worked for the Royal Court. He is best known for his participation in the Malaspina Expedition.
Los héroes del sitio de Zaragoza is a 1903 Spanish short black-and-white silent film directed by Segundo de Chomón.
Juliana Josefa Benita Larena Fenollé was a nurse. She was involved in the Sieges of Zaragoza during the Peninsular War.
Casta Álvarez Barceló was an Aragonese insurgent, who fought in the First siege of Zaragoza. This took place during the 1808 to 1814 Spanish War of Independence, or Guerra de la Independencia Española, part of the Peninsular War. She is known for inspiring the defenders of the city by single-handedly defeating an advancing French cavalry troop. Her story was popularised in a series of engravings entitled Ruinas de Zaragoza published in 1812 and 1813. For her actions, she received a pension from Ferdinand VII of Spain and, at the centenary of the siege, her body was reinterred with honour.
Manuela Sancho y Bonafonte (1784–1863) was an Aragonese revolutionary who participated in the defense of Zaragoza during the Peninsula War.
The Death of Cyprian Godebski at Raszyn is an 1855 history painting by the Polish artist January Suchodolski. It depicts the Battle of Raszyn on 19 April 1809 during the Napoleonic Wars, specifically the death of the Polish writer and soldier Cyprian Godebski. At the outbreak of the War of the Fifth Coalition, Austria launched an invasion of the French-backed Grand Duchy of Warsaw. Polish forces of the Grand Duchy led by Józef Poniatowski rallied against them at Raszyn. Although this did not prevent Austria occupying Warsaw they were able to take the offensive again as Napoleon invaded Austria and took Vienna.
