Avinguda de la Llum (Catalan for Avenue of Light; Spanish: Avenida de la Luz) is a now-closed underground mall in Barcelona, the first one of its kind to open in Europe, [1] open between 1940 and 1990, on a 2000 square-metre site built in 1929 and boasting 68 commercial establishments, including a movie theater. It was underneath Carrer de Pelai, between Plaça de Catalunya, Carrer de Balmes, Carrer de Bergara and Plaça de la Universitat, upstairs of the Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya (FGC) station Catalunya, between its vaults and the street. [2]
Despite initially being part of an ambitious plan to build an underground city from Plaça Urquinaona to Plaça de la Universitat, the urban decay prevalent in the area from the 1960s onwards prompted its progressive abandonment. The Avinguda de la Llum was in a state of decay and had a large homeless population by the time of its closure on May 21, 1990. On the ground upstairs stood an empty triangular area between buildings which came to be called Triangle de la vergonya ("Triangle of shame"), which contributed to the adoption of measures to renovate the area in time for the 1992 Summer Olympics.
Nowadays its main corridor is part of the underground stage of a Sephora store in the El Triangle shopping centre (its successor), while some parts of it are still abandoned and remain closed to the public.
Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes, more simply known as Gran Via, is one of Barcelona's major avenues. With a length of 13.1 km (8.1 mi), it is the longest street in Catalonia and the 2nd longest in Spain, after Gran Vía de la Manga, in La Manga del Mar Menor, but is the one with most street numbers in Spain.
Carrer de Balmes, named after the Catalan philosopher and ecclesiastic Jaume Balmes, is one of the most important avenues in Barcelona. It was devised in 1859 as part of Ildefons Cerdà urban plan.
Avinguda Diagonal is the name of one of Barcelona's broadest and most important avenues. It cuts the city in two, diagonally with respect to the grid pattern of the surrounding streets, hence the name.
Plaça de Catalunya is a large square in central Barcelona that is generally considered to be both its city centre and the place where the old city and the 19th century-built Eixample meet.
Rambla de Catalunya is a major street in the Eixample district of central Barcelona, Spain. It is one of the city's trendiest streets, with many international fashion shops, and is lined with lime trees.
Plaça d'Espanya is one of Barcelona's most important squares, built on the occasion of the 1929 Barcelona International Exposition, held at the foot of Montjuïc, in the Sants-Montjuïc district.
The Barcelona–Vallès Line is an unconnected standard gauge rapid transit and commuter railway line linking Barcelona with Sabadell and Terrassa via the Collserola mountain range, in Catalonia, Spain. Its name refers to the Catalan historical region of Vallès, whereby most part of the line runs. Plaça de Catalunya station serves as the Barcelona terminus of the line, where almost all its trains either start or terminate. The line then continues northwards and branches off twice before leaving the city limits. Its main route splits in two in Sant Cugat del Vallès, forming two major branches to Sabadell and Terrassa. It has 40 passenger stations in operation and a total line length of 48.1 kilometres (29.9 mi).
Plaça de Francesc Macià is a square in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Located in one of the main business areas of the city, it is one of the most transited points of Barcelona. It is crossed by Avinguda Diagonal and several other major thoroughfares: Avinguda de Josep Tarradellas, Travessera de Gràcia, Carrer del Comte d'Urgell and Avinguda de Pau Casals. It is part of the Sarrià-Sant Gervasi district, even though it borders two other districts of Barcelona: Les Corts and Eixample.
El Poblenou is an extensive neighborhood of Barcelona’s Sant Martí district that borders the Mediterranean Sea to the south, Sant Adrià del Besòs to the east, Parc de la Ciutadella in Ciutat Vella to the west, and Sant Andreu to the north. Considered one of the best areas of the city, the neighborhood was once its own town, entirely separate from Barcelona proper.
Avinguda Carrilet, also known as L'Hospitalet Avinguda Carrilet, is an interchange complex underneath Avinguda Carrilet in the L'Hospitalet de Llobregat municipality, to the south-west of Barcelona, in Catalonia, Spain. It consists of a railway station on the Llobregat–Anoia Line and a Barcelona Metro line 1 (L1) station. The Llobregat–Anoia Line station is served by Barcelona Metro line 8 (L8), Baix Llobregat Metro lines S33, S4 and S8, and commuter rail lines R5, R6, R50 and R60. The services on the Llobregat–Anoia Line are operated by Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya (FGC), whilst the L1 is operated by Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona (TMB).
The Tibidabo Funicular is a funicular railway in the city of Barcelona, in Catalonia, Spain. The line connects Plaça del Doctor Andreu, the upper terminus of the Tramvia Blau, with the summit of Tibidabo, where there is an amusement park and a church, the Temple Expiatori del Sagrat Cor.
Rail transport in Catalonia operates on three rail gauges and services are operated by a variety of public operators:
Florida is a Barcelona Metro station, in the L'Hospitalet de Llobregat municipality of the Barcelona metropolitan area, and named after the nearby La Florida neighbourhood. The station is served by line L1.
Carrer de Pelai is a major shopping street in Barcelona, one of the busiest in the city at daytime. It forms the border between the districts of Ciutat Vella and Eixample in the center of the city, and runs from the intersection of Plaça de Catalunya with La Rambla and the El Triangle shopping centre to Plaça de la Universitat. It is named after King Pelagius of Asturias. The current Catalan-language name was approved in 1980 by the city council, though it also bore that same name before 1900.
Carrer de Bergara is a short street in central Barcelona, stretching from Plaça Catalunya towards Carrer de Pelai. It's in the Eixample district. It's named after the Basque city of Bergara, where an armistice was signed at the end the First Carlist War in 1839. The name of the street was approved in 1900. The street is home to a number of restaurants, cafes, and hotels.
The Plaça de la Universitat is one of Barcelona's central squares, at the border between the districts of Eixample and Ciutat Vella. It is located at the intersection of Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes, Carrer d'Aribau and Ronda de Sant Antoni. It is also just west of Plaça de Catalunya, to which it is linked by the Ronda de la Universitat and Carrer de Pelai.
Plaça Molina is a station of the Barcelona Metro on the FGC-operated line L7. The station is situated under by Plaça Molina, a square in the Sarrià-Sant Gervasi district. It is connected by an underground pedestrian passageway to the nearby Sant Gervasi station on line L6 of the metro.
Avinguda de Catalunya is a thoroughfare in the city of Lleida, Spain. On one end it is a prolongation of Rambla d'Aragó while on the other it meets Plaça d'Espanya and the river Segre. An extension into the Cappont neighbourhood, on the other side of the river, through the Pont de la Universitat, is underway. Most buildings are relatively recent, and include the infamous Edifici dels Sindicats, or Labor Union building, also called the "Ducados building" because of its alleged resemblance to a Ducados blue cigarette box. Demonstrations in Lleida usually go through Avinguda de Catalunya. The Lleida coach station, a rather decayed infrastructure, lies on one of the ends of the avenue as of 2010. It will be replaced by a newer structure near the Lleida-Pirineus railway station.
Plaça dels Països Catalans is a square in Barcelona on one side of the city's central railway station, Estació de Sants, in the district of Sants-Montjuïc. It borders carrer de Tarragona, carrer de Numància and Avinguda Roma. It was so named in 1989 after the Catalan Countries.