Urea, also called carbamide, is an organic compound with chemical formula CO(NH2)2. This amide has two amino groups joined by a carbonyl functional group. It is thus the simplest amide of carbamic acid.
A fertilizer or fertiliser is any material of natural or synthetic origin that is applied to soil or to plant tissues to supply plant nutrients. Fertilizers may be distinct from liming materials or other non-nutrient soil amendments. Many sources of fertilizer exist, both natural and industrially produced. For most modern agricultural practices, fertilization focuses on three main macro nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) with occasional addition of supplements like rock flour for micronutrients. Farmers apply these fertilizers in a variety of ways: through dry or pelletized or liquid application processes, using large agricultural equipment or hand-tool methods.
Sievierodonetsk, also spelled Severodonetsk, is a city in Luhansk Oblast, eastern Ukraine. It is located to the northeast of the left bank of the Donets river and approximately 110 km (68 mi) to the northwest from the administrative center of the oblast, Luhansk. Sievierodonetsk faces neighbouring Lysychansk across the river. The city, whose name comes from the above-mentioned river, had a population of 99,067, making it then the second-most populous city in the oblast. Since June 2022, it has been militarily occupied and administered by Russia.
Mangalore Chemicals & Fertilizers Limited is the largest manufacturer of chemical fertilizers in the state of Karnataka, India. The company is part of the Adventz Group. The company's corporate and registered office is at UB City, Bangalore and its factory unit is in Panambur, north of Mangalore.
TogliattiAzot is a Russian chemical company and has recently been identified as being world's largest ammonia producer. It is headquartered in Tolyatti, Russia.
Azot, also known as Cherkaskyi Azot after Cherkasy, the location of its chemical plant, is one of the biggest manufacturers of nitrogen fertilizers in Ukraine. Ukrainian oligarch Dmytro Firtash's chemical-industry holding corporation, Ostchem Holding, manages the company as well as several other fertilizer manufacturers in Ukraine and other post-Soviet states.
Achema is the largest fertilizer producer in the Baltic states. It is headquartered in Jonava, central Lithuania. Its factory is located in the village of Jonalaukis by Jonava, near the confluence of rivers Neris and Šventoji. In 2011, Achema employed about 1700 workers and reached 2.2 billion Litas revenues, net profit was 96.3 million Litas.
EuroChem Group AG is a Swiss fertilizer producer. It is a fertilizer manufacturer with its own capacity in all three primary nutrients – nitrogen, phosphates and potash. It is headquartered in Zug, Switzerland.
The Russian chemical industry is a branch of Russian industry.
Dmitry Arkadievich Mazepin is a Belarusian-Russian oligarch businessman. He is the former owner and former CEO of Uralchem. As of March 2022, following Russia's invasion of Ukraine, Dmitry Mazepin has been sanctioned by the European Union and the United Kingdom.
Mykola Andriyovych Yankovsky is a former Ukrainian businessman who has influenced Ukraine’s chemical production landscape and made it environmentally friendly. Candidate of Economic Sciences (1998), Professor, Head of the Department of Advanced Technologies in Management of Donetsk State Academy of Management ; Academician of AINU (1992), AENU (1995). Member of the Academy of Russian Entrepreneurs (1997). Professor Emeritus of the Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology. Hero of Ukraine.
Ostchem Holding is a holding company that unites a group of chemical factories and supporting companies. In its turn Ostchem is a part of bigger Group DF that unites several separate enterprises and other holding companies and is owned by Ukrainian oligarch Dmytro Firtash.
Grodno Azot is an open joint-stock company, Belarusian state-run producer of nitrogen compounds and fertilizers located in Grodno, Belarus.
On 21 March 2022 during the battle of Sumy, a Russian airstrike damaged one of the ammonia tanks at the Sumykhimprom plant, contaminating land within a 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) radius including the villages of Novoselytsya and Verkhnya Syrovatka. Due to the direction of the wind, the city of Sumy was largely unaffected despite its proximity to the leak.
Sumykhimprom is a chemical industry plant based in Sumy, Ukraine that produces mineral fertilizers, coagulants and additives to cement, acid, titanium dioxide and pigments, and other types of chemical products.
The battle of Sievierodonetsk was a military engagement in the wider battle of Donbas of the Eastern Ukraine offensive during the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
Group DF is a diversified international group of companies whose assets are concentrated in the chemical industry, titanium production, gas, and banking sectors. In addition, the group has interests in several other areas: agriculture, media business, sodium carbonate, energy infrastructure, and real estate. Group DF operates in 11 countries in the Eurasian region. In Ukraine, the group is developing businesses that can transform the landscape of industries and increase the country's competitiveness in the global market. The founder and owner of Group DF is businessman and philanthropist Dmytro Firtash, who in 2007 consolidated the assets he owned into the group. The managing director of the group is Boris Krasnyansky. In 2012, Group DF's consolidated revenue amounted to more than US$6 billion. This figure was announced by Borys Krasnyansky at the conference, "Ukraine – Inside View" in March 2013 which was held in Vienna. The Group plans to continue to increase and consolidate assets across all of its business sectors, including fertilizer, titanium, gas distribution, and agriculture.
DniproAzot located in Kamianske, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast is an enterprise in the chemical industry of Ukraine. DniproAzot is a significant producer of ammonia, nitrogen fertilizers, urea, caustic soda, chlorine, and hydrochloric acid. DniproAzot is one of the five largest chemical enterprises in the country. In May 2018, the company celebrated its 80th anniversary.
Odesa Portside Plant is a chemical-industrial enterprise in Odesa Oblast, Ukraine. The chemical plant is located on the shores of the Small Adzhalyk Estuary and is situated next to Pivdennyi Port through which chemical cargo is transshipped. The key stake belongs to Group DF.
