 | This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . (Learn how and when to remove these messages)
|
Azzedine Bousseksou (born 2 December 1964) is a Franco-Algerian physical chemist known for his contributions to molecular materials and spintronics.
Azzedine Bousseksou received his diploma in Material Physics from the Université de Bab Ezzouar in Algiers, 1983, his Diplôme d'études approfondies (DEA) in Materials Science from the University of Nantes, in 1988, and his PhD in Materials Science from Pierre and Marie Curie University in Paris, in 1992. His doctoral internship was at the Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory of Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz. [1]
Bousseksou began his career in 1993 as a research fellow at the Coordination Chemistry Laboratory of the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) in Toulouse. [1] [2] In January 2003, while in charge of research at the LCC-CNRS Toulouse, he created and directed the scientific team "Switchable Molecular Materials". [3] He also directed the GDR Magnétisme et Commutation Moléculaires from 2006 to 2009 and co-coordinated the GDRI France-Japan on multifunctional molecular materials between 2006-2010. Between 2011 and 2013, he was Deputy Director of the LCC-CNRS Toulouse and has been Director since 2013. [4] Azzedine Bousseksou was a member of the CNRS national committee for the evaluation of researchers and research laboratories from 2000 to 2004 and from 2010 to 2015 and has coordinated and/or led several European, national, and regional projects. He has been a member of the European Network of Excellence on Molecular Magnetism, REX MAGMANET, [5] and is a member of the European Institute on Molecular Magnetism (EIMM).
He and his team developed three complementary conceptual approaches, which include:
With his research team made up of 3 other permanent staff members (Gabor Molnar, DR-CNRS, Lionel Salmon DR-CNRS and William Nicolazzi, MCF-Université Paul Sabatier), his achievements are the following:
He supervised about twenty post-doctoral students and more than thirty theses.
He has registered 12 patents, 2 of which are being exploited, and one startup in incubation.
Bousseksou is a founding member of the Algerian Academy of Sciences and Technologies (2015), as well as being a member of the French Academy of Sciences (2013), [27] the European Academy of Sciences and Arts (2012) and the European Academy of sciences (2014).
In physics and materials science, ferroelectricity is a characteristic of certain materials that have a spontaneous electric polarization that can be reversed by the application of an external electric field. All ferroelectrics are also piezoelectric and pyroelectric, with the additional property that their natural electrical polarization is reversible. The term is used in analogy to ferromagnetism, in which a material exhibits a permanent magnetic moment. Ferromagnetism was already known when ferroelectricity was discovered in 1920 in Rochelle salt by American physicist Joseph Valasek. Thus, the prefix ferro, meaning iron, was used to describe the property despite the fact that most ferroelectric materials do not contain iron. Materials that are both ferroelectric and ferromagnetic are known as multiferroics.
Hysteresis is the dependence of the state of a system on its history. For example, a magnet may have more than one possible magnetic moment in a given magnetic field, depending on how the field changed in the past. Plots of a single component of the moment often form a loop or hysteresis curve, where there are different values of one variable depending on the direction of change of another variable. This history dependence is the basis of memory in a hard disk drive and the remanence that retains a record of the Earth's magnetic field magnitude in the past. Hysteresis occurs in ferromagnetic and ferroelectric materials, as well as in the deformation of rubber bands and shape-memory alloys and many other natural phenomena. In natural systems, it is often associated with irreversible thermodynamic change such as phase transitions and with internal friction; and dissipation is a common side effect.
Molecular machines are a class of molecules typically described as an assembly of a discrete number of molecular components intended to produce mechanical movements in response to specific stimuli, mimicking macromolecular devices such as switches and motors. Naturally occurring or biological molecular machines are responsible for vital living processes such as DNA replication and ATP synthesis. Kinesins and ribosomes are examples of molecular machines, and they often take the form of multi-protein complexes. For the last several decades, scientists have attempted, with varying degrees of success, to miniaturize machines found in the macroscopic world. The first example of an artificial molecular machine (AMM) was reported in 1994, featuring a rotaxane with a ring and two different possible binding sites. In 2016 the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Jean-Pierre Sauvage, Sir J. Fraser Stoddart, and Bernard L. Feringa for the design and synthesis of molecular machines.
A single-molecule magnet (SMM) is a metal-organic compound that has superparamagnetic behavior below a certain blocking temperature at the molecular scale. In this temperature range, an SMM exhibits magnetic hysteresis of purely molecular origin. In contrast to conventional bulk magnets and molecule-based magnets, collective long-range magnetic ordering of magnetic moments is not necessary.
Vanadium(IV) oxide or vanadium dioxide is an inorganic compound with the formula VO2. It is a dark blue solid. Vanadium(IV) dioxide is amphoteric, dissolving in non-oxidising acids to give the blue vanadyl ion, [VO]2+ and in alkali to give the brown [V4O9]2− ion, or at high pH [VO4]4−. VO2 has a phase transition very close to room temperature (~68 °C (341 K)). Electrical resistivity, opacity, etc, can change by several orders of magnitude. Owing to these properties, it has been used in surface coating, sensors, and imaging. Potential applications include use in memory devices, phase-change switches, passive radiative cooling applications, such as smart windows and roofs, that cool or warm depending on temperature, aerospace communication systems and neuromorphic computing. It occurs in nature as the mineral paramontroseite.
Pierre Braunstein is a French chemist. He was director of the Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination of Strasbourg (France) and is a member of the French Academy of Science.
In chemistry and physics, LIESST is a method of changing the electronic spin state of a compound by means of irradiation with light.
Electromanipulation is a micro-material analyzing method mostly used for manipulations of biological cells that uses properties of diverse electric fields. In nanotechnology, nanomaterials are so small that they can hardly be directly mechanically manipulated. Hence, electric fields are applied to them to make field-induced movements or deformations. It is a recently developed technology and is still in progress of widening applications. Types of Electronmanipulation includes dielectrophoresis, electro-rotation, electro-deformation, electro-disruption, electro-destruction, electroporation, and electro-fusion. Diverse electromanipulations are achieved using various electric fields including AC(alternating current), DC(direct current), and pulsed(deliver high-energy discharges at very short periods) electrical fields. Electromanipulation of cells permits diverse cell manipulations with minimal mechanical contact between cells and device structures. Although predominantly used in cells, electromanipulation also contributes to other scientific fields such as Hybridoma technology and nanoelectronic device development.
Spin crossover (SCO) is a phenomenon that occurs in some metal complexes wherein the spin state of the complex changes due to an external stimulus. The stimuli can include temperature or pressure. Spin crossover is sometimes referred to as spin transition or spin equilibrium behavior. The change in spin state usually involves interchange of low spin (LS) and high spin (HS) configuration.
Guy Bertrand, born on July 17, 1952, at Limoges is a chemistry professor at the University of California, San Diego.
The Newman–Kwart rearrangement is a type of rearrangement reaction in which the aryl group of an O-aryl thiocarbamate, ArOC(=S)NMe2, migrates from the oxygen atom to the sulfur atom, forming an S-aryl thiocarbamate, ArSC(=O)NMe2. The reaction is named after its discoverers, Melvin Spencer Newman and Harold Kwart. The reaction is a manifestation of the double bond rule. The Newman–Kwart reaction represents a useful synthetic tool for the preparation of thiophenol derivatives.
Didier Astruc carried out his studies in chemistry in Rennes. After a Ph. D. with professor R. Dabard in organometallic chemistry, he did post-doctoral studies with professor R. R. Schrock at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts, in the U.S. and later a sabbatical year with professor K. P. C. Vollhardt at the University of California at Berkeley. He became a CNRS Director of research in Rennes, then in 1983 full Professor of Chemistry at the University Bordeaux 1. He is known for his work on electron-reservoir complexes and dendritic molecular batteries, catalytic processes using nanoreactors and molecular recognition using gold nanoparticles and metallodendrimers.
The Weak-Link Approach (WLA) is a supramolecular coordination-based assembly methodology, first introduced in 1998 by the Mirkin Group at Northwestern University. This method takes advantage of hemilabile ligands -ligands that contain both strong and weak binding moieties- that can coordinate to metal centers and quantitatively assemble into a single condensed ‘closed’ structure. Unlike other supramolecular assembly methods, the WLA allows for the synthesis of supramolecular complexes that can be modulated from rigid ‘closed’ structures to flexible ‘open’ structures through reversible binding of allosteric effectors at the structural metal centers. The approach is general and has been applied to a variety of metal centers and ligand designs including those with utility in catalysis and allosteric regulation.
Ayyappanpillai Ajayaghosh is a research scientist/academician in the domain of interdisciplinary chemistry, and the former Director of the National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology. He is known for his studies on supramolecular assemblies, organogels, photoresponsive materials, chemosensory and security materials systems and is an elected fellow of all the three major Indian science academies viz. the National Academy of Sciences, India, Indian National Science Academy and the Indian Academy of Sciences as well as The World Academy of Sciences. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, one of the highest Indian science awards for his contributions to Chemical Sciences in 2007. He is the first chemist to receive the Infosys Science Prize for physical sciences, awarded by the Infosys Science Foundation. He received the TWAS Prize of The World Academy of Sciences in 2013 and the Goyal prize in 2019.
Paolo Samorì is an Italian physical chemist and Distinguished Professor (PRCE) at the Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS) of the Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA) & CNRS where he heads the Nanochemistry Laboratory and he has been institute director (2012-2023).
Jean-Marie Tarascon FRSC is professor of chemistry at the Collège de France in Paris and director of the French Research Network on Electrochemical Energy Storage (RS2E).
Latticial metal complex or grid complex is a supramolecular complex of several metal atoms and coordinating ligands which form a grid-like structural motif. The structure formation usually occurs while on thermodynamic molecular self-assembly. They have properties that make them interesting for information technology as the future storage materials. Chelate ligands are used as ligands in tetrahedral or octahedral structures, which mostly use nitrogen atoms in pyridine like ring systems other than donor centers. Suitable metal ions are in accordance with octahedral coordinating transition metal ions such as Mn or rare tetrahedral Coordinating such as Ag used.
Oleg V. Prezhdo is a Ukrainian–American physical chemist whose research focuses on non-adiabatic molecular dynamics and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). His research interests range from fundamental aspects of semi-classical and quantum-classical physics to excitation dynamics in condensed matter and biological systems. His research group focuses on the development of new theoretical models and computational tools aimed at understanding chemical reactivity and energy transfer at a molecular level in complex condensed phase environment. Since 2014, he is a professor of chemistry and of physics & astronomy at the University of Southern California.
Lynda Soderholm is a physical chemist at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory with a specialty in f-block elements. She is a senior scientist and the lead of the Actinide, Geochemistry & Separation Sciences Theme within Argonne's Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division. Her specific role is the Separation Science group leader within Heavy Element Chemistry and Separation Science (HESS), directing basic research focused on low-energy methods for isolating lanthanide and actinide elements from complex mixtures. She has made fundamental contributions to understanding f-block chemistry and characterizing f-block elements.
Richard Eric Parry Winpenny FRSC FLSW is a British chemist and a professor in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Manchester. Winpenny's research is within the fields of inorganic chemistry and magnetochemistry, specifically the areas of single-molecule magnetism, inorganic synthesis, supramolecular chemistry and polymetallic caged complexes.
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Academics | |
| Other | |
