Europäische Akademie der Wissenschaften und Künste(German) Academia Scientiarum et Artium Europaea(Latin)
Formation
1990
Purpose
Fundamental and applied research contributing to the development of European scientific and technical potential, culture, education, literature, and arts.
The European Academy of Sciences and Arts (EASA, Latin: Academia Scientiarum et Artium Europaea) is a transnational and interdisciplinary network, connecting about 2,000 recommended scientists and artists worldwide, including 38 Nobel Prizelaureates.[1] The European Academy of Sciences and Arts is a learned society of scientists and artists, founded by Felix Unger.[2] The academy was founded 1990, is situated in Salzburg and has been supported by the city of Vienna, the government of Austria, and the European Commission. The EASA is now headed by President Klaus Mainzer, TUM Emeritus of Excellence at the Technical University of Munich and Senior Professor at the Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker Center of the University of Tübingen.
It is unrelated to and should not be confused with a different, highly controversial, and less well-established academy, the Belgium-based European Academy of Sciences[fr].[3]
It is a member of the InterAcademy Partnership.[2] Its activities have included a collaboration with the Latvian Academy of Sciences: the European-Latvian Institute for Cultural and Scientific Exchange (EUROLAT), founded in 1993.[4]
History
The origins date back to a scientific working group with the Salzburg cardiac surgeon Felix Unger, the archbishop from Vienna Franz König and the political scientist and philosopher Nikolaus Lobkowicz. On 7 March 1990, the academy was officially founded in Salzburg, where the academy is still located today.
The Festive Plenary of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts takes place annually with the festive admission of new members in Salzburg. On the occasion of the 25th- and 30th- anniversary the celebrations took place with the Federal Presidents of Austria and other Presidents of European countries. Other Protectors (national patrons) of the academy are King Philippe of Belgium, Borut Pahor (State President of Slovenia), Gjorge Ivanov (State President of Macedonia) and since 12 June 2018 Austrian Federal President Alexander Van der Bellen. Past Protectors are i. a. the former EU Commission President and Prime Minister of Luxembourg Jacques Santer, the former King of Spain Juan Carlos I, and the former EU Commission President and Italian Prime Minister Romano Prodi.
Vision and membership
The European Academy of Sciences and Arts is politically independent and financed by donations, private sponsors and public institutions. The activities of the academy do not aim at financial profit.[5] The academy is a forum of scholars who take up interdisciplinarily and transdisciplinarily scientific topics with societal impact. In 2020, the academy had around about 2000 members worldwide, including 34 Nobel Prize Laureates.[1] These are respected and recommended scientists and artists, among them 37 Nobel Prize Laureates. The membership can be awarded following the suggestions of their members. The Senate decides on admission on the basis of recommendations of the nomination commission. The membership is considered as distinction of the merits in science and society.[6] Famous members of the academy are i. a. the economist Hans-Werner Sinn, Michail Gorbatschow (Nobel Peace Prize), the artist Jenny Holzer, and Pope em. Benedict XVI. Current members who are Nobel Prize Laureates are as follows.[1]
The European Academy of Sciences and Arts president Klaus Mainzer addressing the academy in 2022
Organisation
The academy is a non-profit association according to the Austrian Association. The current President of the academy is Klaus Mainzer who in 2020 followed the Founding President Felix Unger. The Vice presidents are Birgit Harreß, Wolfango Plastino, and Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth.[7]
Members of the academy come from 73 countries and are divided into eight classes:[8]
Class I: Humanities – Dean: Andreas Önnerfors
Class II: Medicine – Dean: Dusan Suput
Class III: Arts – Dean: Violeta Dinescu
Class IV: Natural Sciences – Dean: Ioannis Liritzis
Class V: Social Sciences, Law, and Economics – Dean: Kurt Schmoller
Class VI: Technology and Environmental Sciences – Dean: Sergio Orlandi
Class VII: World Religions – Dean: Mariano Delgado
Prize of Tolerance
Since 1997 the European Academy of Sciences and Arts has awarded the Prize of Tolerance to acknowledge the engagement for humanity and tolerance. Guided by the targets of the Charter of Tolerance, this prize is awarded to persons or institutions which actively engage for tolerance and humanness, but also for cross-border dialogue and against racism.[9]
Prize award of the Rings of Tolerance in the City Hall of Cologne Since 2012, the academy annually awards the Rings of Tolerance to members of the three religions of Abraham according to Lessing's Parable of the Ring, in ordert to support justice and tolerance between Christianity, Judaism, and Islam.
The Nobel Prizes are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfred Nobel was a Swedish chemist, engineer, and industrialist most famously known for the invention of dynamite. He died in 1896. In his will, he bequeathed all of his "remaining realisable assets" to be used to establish five prizes which became known as "Nobel Prizes". Nobel Prizes were first awarded in 1901.
The Nobel Prize in Physics is a yearly award given by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for those who have made the most outstanding contributions for humankind in the field of physics. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895 and awarded since 1901, the others being the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Physics is traditionally the first award presented in the Nobel Prize ceremony.
The Wolf Prize is an international award granted in Israel, that has been presented most years since 1978 to living scientists and artists for "achievements in the interest of mankind and friendly relations among people ... irrespective of nationality, race, colour, religion, sex or political views."
Felix Unger is a heart specialist who served as the president of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts for three decades. He is the president of Alma Mater Europaea. In 1986 he performed the first artificial heart transplantation in Europe.
Daniel Nathans was an American microbiologist. He shared the 1978 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of restriction enzymes and their application in restriction mapping.
A Nobel Committee is a working body responsible for most of the work involved in selecting Nobel Prize laureates. There are five Nobel Committees, one for each Nobel Prize.
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of chemistry. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895, awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. This award is administered by the Nobel Foundation, and awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences on proposal of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry which consists of five members elected by the Academy. The award is presented in Stockholm at an annual ceremony on 10 December, the anniversary of Nobel's death.
Tasuku Honjo is a Japanese physician-scientist and immunologist. He won the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine and is best known for his identification of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). He is also known for his molecular identification of cytokines: IL-4 and IL-5, as well as the discovery of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) that is essential for class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation.
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