Bacteriophage HK97

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Bacteriophage HK97
BacteriophageHK97.jpg
Bacteriophage HK97 as seen in transmission electron microscopy (TEM), with magnification 300000x.
Virus classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Duplodnaviria
Kingdom: Heunggongvirae
Phylum: Uroviricota
Class: Caudoviricetes
Genus: Byrnievirus
Species:
Byrnievirus HK97 [1]
Synonyms
  • Bacteriophage HK97
  • Phage HK97
  • HK97 bacteriophage
  • HK97 phage
  • Escherichia phage HK97
  • Escherichia virus HK97

Bacteriophage HK97, often shortened to HK97, is a species of virus that infects Escherichia coli and related bacteria. It is named after Hong Kong (HK), where it was first located. HK97 has a double-stranded DNA genome.

Contents

Assembly and maturation

The major capsid protein of HK97, called gp5, cross-links upon maturation to form a chain-mail like structure. [2]

The HK97 assembly pathway begins with self-assembly of gp5 into pentamers and hexamers. A protease, called gp4, cleaves gp5 at its N-terminus. Attachment of a portal protein, gp3, coupled with conformational changes leads to the formation of a prohead, or procapsid, which is the precursor to the mature capsid. [3] A scaffolding protein is not required for capsid assembly. [4] However, studies on the effects of deleting the delta domain of the major capsid protein, or parts of it, indicate that it is essential for assembly. [5]

References

  1. ↑ "History of the taxon: Species: Byrnievirus HK97 (2024 Release, MSL #40)". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 11 April 2025.
  2. ↑ Helgstrand, Charlotte; Wikoff, William R; Duda, Robert L; Hendrix, Roger W; Johnson, John E; Liljas, Lars (1 December 2003). "The Refined Structure of a Protein Catenane: The HK97 Bacteriophage Capsid at 3.44Å Resolution". Journal of Molecular Biology. 334 (5): 885–899. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2003.09.035. PMID   14643655.
  3. ↑ Hendrix, RW; Johnson, JE (2012). "Bacteriophage HK97 Capsid Assembly and Maturation". Viral Molecular Machines. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Vol. 726. pp. 351–63. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-0980-9_15. ISBN   978-1-4614-0979-3. PMID   22297521.
  4. ↑ Duda RL, Martincic K, Hendrix RW (1995). "Genetic basis of bacteriophage HK97 prohead assembly". J. Mol. Biol. 247 (4): 636–47. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1994.0169. PMID   7723020.
  5. ↑ Oh B, Moyer CL, Hendrix RW, Duda RL (2014). "The delta domain of the HK97 major capsid protein is essential for assembly". Virology. 456–457: 171–8. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2014.03.022. PMC   4044616 . PMID   24889236.

Further reading

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