Battle of Agaarweyne

Last updated
Battle of Agaarweyne
DateOctober 15, 1903
Location
Result Dervish victory [1]
Belligerents
Dervish Somali flag.png Dervish Movement Flag of the United Kingdom.svg British Empire
Flag of Ethiopia (1897-1936; 1941-1974).svg  Ethiopia
Supported by:
Flag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg  Italy
Commanders and leaders
Dervish Somali flag.png Mohamed Abdullah Hassan Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Arthur Plunkett  
Strength
Unknown 4041 Ethiopian-british soldiers
Casualties and losses
Heavy

200+ soldiers killed

9 officers killed

The Battle of Agaarweyne (also known as Gumburu) was fought on October 15, 1903, in Agaarweyne between the British under Colonel Plunkett and the forces of Haji Muhammad Abdullah Hassan. Reinforced with a superiority in firearms, Hassan was victorious and defeated the allied force. [2]

This battle was described as so deadly that random birds of prey who were dissected by their owners were found to have human remains of the casualties inside:

Nin la oran jirey Maxamuud Gurey ayaa gorgorkii dooxay, waxaana calooshiisii laga soo saaray 500 oo xiniinyo rag ah. Inta dhabannada la qabsaday ayaa lays wada eegay oo waxa la yiri, ‘War maanta geyiga Soomaaliyeed wax weyn baa ka dhacay oo aan horay loo arkin bal aan war dhawrro
A man called Mahamud Gurey dissected an eagle. Once dissected he found the remains of 500 human testicles inside. Everyone grabbed their own cheeks surprised and looked at one another and said "It seems that the lands of the Somalis have experienced an event of an extreme magnitude, the likes of which have never been seen before! We must investigate further." [3]

After the clash, the Darawiish confiscated all equipment belonging to the colonialists in that battle, leaving every British officer dead, including Lieutenant General Arthur William Valentine Plunkett. [4]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Green Mountain Boys</span> Militia organization first established in 1770

The Green Mountain Boys were a militia organization established in 1770 in the territory between the British provinces of New York and New Hampshire, known as the New Hampshire Grants and later in 1777 as the Vermont Republic. Headed by Ethan Allen and members of his extended family, it was instrumental in resisting New York's attempts to control the territory, over which it had won de jure control in a territorial dispute with New Hampshire.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gul Hassan Khan</span> Pakistani general (1921-99)

Lieutenant General Gul Hassan Khan known secretly as 'George', was a three-star rank Pakistan Army general and diplomat who served as the 6th and last Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army, from 20 December 1971 until 3 March 1972, marking the shortest tenure in the role. Gul Hassan resigned along with Abdur Rahim Khan after they refused Zulfikar Ali Bhutto's request to deploy their forces to suppress a police strike protesting for a pay increase against Bhutto's government.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alexander Cobbe</span> Recipient of the Victoria Cross

General Sir Alexander Stanhope Cobbe was a senior British Indian Army officer and a recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Majeerteen</span> Somali clan

The Majeerteen, alternately known as MohammedHarti, are a prominent Somali sub-clan of the Harti, which falls under the Darod conglomerate of clans. Traditionally, they inhabit extensive territories in the Bari, Nugaal, and Mudug regions of Somalia, spanning from Bosaso to Garacad, mainly in Puntland state. Additionally, Majeerteen populations are present in southern towns such as Kismayo.

The Light Division is a light infantry division of the British Army. It was reformed in 2022, as part of Future Soldier reforms.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2nd Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)</span> British Army reserve formation

The 2nd Infantry Brigade was a regional brigade of the British Army, active since before the First World War. It was the regional formation of the Army in the South East of England–the Brigade commanded and administered soldiers throughout Kent, Surrey and Sussex–but also Brunei. In December 2014 the Brigade merged with 145 (South) Brigade to form Headquarters 11th Infantry Brigade and Headquarters South East.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Muḥammad ibn 'Abdallāh Hassan</span> Somali Jihadist and patriotic leader (1856–1920)

Muḥammad ibn 'Abdallāh Hassan was a Somali religious, political, and military leader who founded and headed the Dervish movement, which led a Holy war against British, Italian, and Ethiopian intrusions in the Horn of Africa. He was famously known by the British Empire as the Mad Mullah. In 1917, the Ottoman Empire referred to Hassan as the "Emir of the Somali". Due to his successful completion of the Hajj to Mecca, his complete memorization of the Quran and his purported descent from the Islamic prophet Muhammad, his name is sometimes preluded with honorifics such as Hajji, Hafiz, Emir or Sayyid. His influence led him to being regarded the “Father of Somali nationalism”.

The 1st Armoured Brigade, raised as the 1st Light Armoured, on 14 April 1940 its designation changed to 1st Armoured Brigade Group, an armoured formation of the British Army.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bihar Regiment</span> Infantry regiment of the Indian Army

The Bihar Regiment is an Indian Army infantry regiment. It traces its origins back to the British Indian Army. The Bihar Regiment was formed in 1941 by regularising the 11th (Territorial) Battalion, the 19th Hyderabad Regiment, and raising new battalions. The Bihar Regimental Centre (BRC) is located at Danapur Cantonment, Patna, the second oldest cantonment of India. INS Vikramaditya, the Indian Navy's largest ship and one of its two aircraft carriers is affiliated to the Bihar Regiment, Indian Army's highly decorated and battle-hardened unit.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kesatuan Melayu Muda</span> 1938–1945 Malayan left-wing nationalist organisation

Kesatuan Melayu Muda (KMM) was the first leftist and national political establishment in British Malaya. Founded by Ibrahim Yaacob and Ishak Haji Muhammad, KMM grew into a prominent pre-war nationalist movement, notable for its leftist political stance and willingness to use violence, a sharp break with their contemporaries in the Malay nationalist movement.

The 234th Infantry Brigade was an infantry brigade of the British Army, raised during the First World War, and was later reformed during the Second World War.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1st Horse (Skinner's Horse)</span> Indian Army regiment

The 1st Horse (Skinner's Horse) is a regiment of the Armoured Corps of the Indian Army. It traces its origins as a cavalry regiment from the times of the East India Company, followed by its service in the British Indian Army and finally, after independence as the fourth oldest and one of the senior cavalry regiments of the Armoured Corps of the Indian Army.

The fifth expedition of the Somaliland campaign, which took place in 1920, was the final British expedition against the Dervish forces. Although the majority of the combat took place in January, British troops had begun preparations for the assault as early as November 1919. The British forces included elements of the Royal Air Force and the Somaliland Camel Corps. After three weeks of battle, Diriye Guure's Dervishes were defeated, bringing an effective end to their 20-year resistance.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Transjordan Frontier Force</span> Military unit (1926–1948)

The Trans-Jordan Frontier Force was formed on 1 April 1926, to replace the disbanded British Gendarmerie. It was a creation of the British High Commissioner for Palestine whose intention was that the Force should defend Trans-Jordan's northern and southern borders. The TJFF was also an Imperial Service regiment whose Imperial Service soldiers agreed to serve wherever required and not just within the borders of their own colony, protectorate or, in the case of the Transjordan, mandate. This was in contrast to the Arab Legion, which was seen more as an internal security militia, deriving from the troops of the Arab Revolt and closely associated with the Hashemite cause. The Amir Abdullah was an Honorary Colonel of the Trans-Jordan Frontier Force from its inception. However, the local commanders thought it unnecessary to form an additional force, believing that the expansion of The Arab Legion would be a better action.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dervish movement (Somali)</span> An anti-colonial movement lasting from 1899 until 1920

The Dervish Movement was an armed resistance movement between 1899 and 1920, which was led by the Salihiyya Sufi Muslim poet and militant leader Mohammed Abdullah Hassan, also known as Sayyid Mohamed, who called for independence from the British and Italian colonisers and for the defeat of Ethiopian forces. The Dervish movement aimed to remove the British and Italian influence from the region and restore an "Islamic system of governance with a Sufi doctrine as its foundation", according to Mohamed-Rahis Hasan and Salada Robleh.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Galkayo District</span> District in Somalia

Galkayo District is a district in the north-central Mudug region of Somalia. Its capital is Galkayo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abu Muhannad al-Suwaydawi</span> ISIL commander

Adnan Latif Hamid al-Suwaydawi al-Dulaymi, also known by his noms de guerre Abu Muhannad al-Suwaydawi, Abu Abdul Salem, and Haji Dawūd was a top commander in the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) and the former head of its Military Council.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Haji Sudi</span>

Suudi Shabeele Omar, more commonly known as Haji Sudi was one of the leaders behind the Somali Dervish movement. He was also the movement's right-hand man and chief lieutenant till its demise in 1920. He is described as the Mullah's right hand in the earlier days of his rise. He hailed from the Adan Madoba sub-clan of the Habr Je'lo clan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mohamed Abokor</span> Somali clan

The Mohamed Abokor (Somali: Maxamed Abokor, Arabic: بني محمد بن أبو بكر

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Erego</span> Battle between British and Somali forces (1902)

The Battle of Erego occurred on October 6, 1902, in Hodayo, about 70 miles north of Galkacyo. The battle involved British colonial forces led by Colonel Swayne and the Somalis troops under the command of Haji Muhammad Abdullah Hassan. The Dervishes won by ambushing the British forces.

References

  1. Moyse-Bartlett, Lieutenant-Colonel H. (2012-02-10). The King's African Rifles - Volume 1. Andrews UK Limited. p. 182. ISBN   978-1-78150-661-5.
  2. Mukhtar, Mohamed Haji (2003-02-25). Historical Dictionary of Somalia. Scarecrow Press. ISBN   978-0-8108-6604-1.
  3. "Qaybta Labaad | maktabadda | Af-Soomaaliga". 2017-03-07. Retrieved 2023-10-04.
  4. Jardine, Douglas James (1923). The Mad Mullah of Somaliland. H. Jenkins.