Biggar Corn Exchange

Biggar Corn Exchange
Biggar Corn Exchange
Location	High Street, Biggar
Coordinates	55°37′28″N3°31′18″W / 55.6244°N 3.5217°W / 55.6244; -3.5217
Built	1861
Architect	David MacGibbon
Architectural style(s)	Scottish baronial style
Listed Building – Category B
Official name	Biggar Corn Exchange, High Street
Designated	7 May 1980
Reference no.	LB22240
Shown in South Lanarkshire

Biggar Corn Exchange is a commercial building in the High Street, Biggar, South Lanarkshire, Scotland. The structure, which is now used as a theatre, is a Category B listed building. ^[1]

History

In medieval times, there was a stone cross in the High Street, known as the Cross Knowe, which dated from the mid-15th century. ^[2] Behind the Cross Knowe was a market house known as the Meal House at which corn merchants conducted their trade. However, by the mid-19th century, the Meal House was infested with rats and mice. The burgh leaders decided to acquire it from the then-owner, Colonel John Elphinstone-Fleming (later the 14th Lord Elphinstone), to demolish it and to commission a new building on the same site. ^[3]

The foundation stone for the new building was laid by the Grand Master of the Upper Ward of Clydesdale, William Edward Hope-Vere, with full masonic honours on 24 August 1860. It was designed by David MacGibbon in the Scottish baronial style, built by the firm of Jack & White of Edinburgh in rubble masonry with ashlar stone dressings, and was officially opened by the local member of parliament, Sir Edward Colebrooke, 4th Baronet, on 14 November 1861. ^{[4] [5]} The design involved an asymmetrical main frontage of four bays facing onto the High Street. The first three bays formed the main block and, to the right of the main block, there was a four-stage clock tower. The central bay of the main block, which was clad in ashlar stone and was slightly projected forward, featured a doorway with an ogee-shaped hood mould on the ground floor, a cross-window on the first floor and a lancet window in the stepped gable above. The other bays in the main block were fenestrated with arched windows on the ground floor and cross-windows on the first floor. The clock tower contained lancet windows in the first two stages, a coat of arms in the third stage and a clock face in the fourth stage, all surmounted by a pyramid-shaped roof ventilated by louvres. ^[1] Elements of the Cross Knowe were recovered and installed just above the oculus in the south gable of the corn exchange. ^[2] Internally the principal room was the main hall, but there were also reading and meeting rooms on the first floor. ^[6]

The use of the building as a corn exchange declined significantly in the wake of the Great Depression of British Agriculture in the late 19th century. ^[7] Instead, it started showing silent films and, by 1913, it was operating as a cinema. It was acquired by Biggar Burgh Council in 1935 and became known as Biggar Cinema. It closed as a cinema in 1965 and then became a local theatre workshop. ^[8]

A major programme of refurbishment works costing £500,000, ^[9] were financed by South Lanarkshire Council, the Heritage Lottery Fund, the Town Centre Regeneration Fund and the Leader Scheme and undertaken to a design by Richard Murphy Architects in 2010. ^[10] After the works were completed, the building re-opened as a community arts centre in October 2010. ^{[11] [12]}

See also

• List of listed buildings in Biggar, South Lanarkshire

References

1. Historic Environment Scotland. "Biggar Corn Exchange, High Street (LB22240)" . Retrieved 14 October 2023.
2. Historic Environment Scotland. "Biggar, Cross Knowe (48651)". Canmore . Retrieved 14 October 2023.
3. Hunter, William (1862). Biggar and the House of Fleming: an Account of the Biggar District, Archaeological, Historical, and Biographical. David Lockhart. p. 18.
4. Hunter, William (4 November 1862). Hunter (1862). p. 23.
5. "Biggar Corn Exchange". Dictionary of Scottish Architects. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
6. Hunter, William (4 November 1862). Hunter (1862). p. 24.
7. Fletcher, T. W. (1973). 'The Great Depression of English Agriculture 1873-1896' in British Agriculture 1875-1914. London: Methuen. p. 31. ISBN   978-1136581182.
8. "Biggar Corn Exchange". Cinema Treasurers. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
9. "£500,000 Facelift for Biggar Corn Exchange". Daily Record. 21 January 2010. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
10. "Murphy reveals plans for Biggar Corn Exchange". Urban Realm. 17 September 2009. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
11. "Refurbishment". Biggar Corn Exchange. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
12. "Biggar Corn Exchange officially re-opens". Glasgow World. 3 December 2010. Retrieved 14 October 2023.