The Boab Prison Tree is a large hollow Adansonia gregorii (boab) tree just south of Wyndham, Western Australia, near The Diggers Rest and the Moochalabra Dam (Wyndham's water supply), on the King River road. The tree was once known as the Hillgrove Lockup. [1]
Evidence indicates that police on patrol from Wyndham in the 1890s noticed that holes in the upper branches indicated that the tree was hollow and so cut an opening into the tree to use it as a lockup for Aboriginal prisoners on their way to Wyndham for sentencing, as this excerpt from a 1931 news article suggests. [1]
The bottle tree known as Hillgrove lockup, situated on the King River 25 miles from Wyndham is a tree with a history. When blacks were bad, in the 'nineties, this tree was used as a prison. The holes in the limbs indicated that it was hollow, and the police cut out an opening and had a cell with a capacity of more than 100 square feet, where the natives were locked up at night. [1]
The continuation of the 1931 article also states that it "has accommodated 30 prisoners at one time.", however this is likely to be an exaggeration. [2]
Another 1940 news article states, probably more accurately, that when there was not enough room for all prisoners inside the tree, that they were chained to the outside of the tree. The article goes on to describe the escape of a prisoner who had been chained outside the tree. [3]
Some years ago a trooper was bringing into Wyndham a party in chains when at dusk they arrived at the baob-tree. As there wasn't room inside for everybody the trooper chained two of the prisoners to the tree. One of the pair was a magnificent specimen of a man well over six feet high with well shaped arms and legs and a blacksmith's chest. At daybreak that native was missing and so was the chain. But an iron bolt to which the chain had been padlocked was left bent back in the form of a hairpin. [3]
Another article from 1938 includes the circumference of the tree and that the name "Hillgrove Police Station" was inscribed on the tree. [4]
A Tree Lock-up. Not far from the living quarters of the pumping station personnel is a baobab tree of more than ordinary interest. It is of enormous girth-nearly 40 feet in circumference at the butt-hollow, with a hole in the trunk about waist high from the ground. In the roaring days this was the lock-up of the Hillgrove Police Station; prisoners being put inside to await transport to their place of trial. The words "Hillgrove Police Station" are cut deeply into the soft bark of the tree, together with the names and initials of hundreds of travellers who had made this their bid for fame. [4]
However a photograph at the State Library of South Australia taken c. 1917–1925 clearly shows the words "Hillgrove Lockup" cut into the trunk. [5] With hundreds of new names and initials that have been cut into the boab since then and with time, this has almost completely disappeared and had become an almost forgotten name for the tree.
A 1966 news article states that the Boab Prison Tree, Derby had never been used as a prison, though confirms that the Boab Prison tree at Wyndham had been used. [6]
The Hillgrove Lockup or Boab Prison Tree, Wyndham, appears to have been a tourist attraction since the early 1900s.
Adansonia is a genus made up of eight species of medium-to-large deciduous trees known as baobabs. They are placed in the Malvaceae family, subfamily Bombacoideae. They are native to Madagascar, mainland Africa, and Australia. The trees have also been introduced to other regions such as Asia. The generic name honours Michel Adanson, the French naturalist and explorer who described Adansonia digitata. The baobab is also known as the "upside down tree", a name that originates from several myths. They are among the most long-lived of vascular plants and have large flowers that are reproductive for a maximum of 15 hours. The flowers open around dusk, opening so quickly that movement can be detected by the naked eye, and are faded by the next morning. The fruits are large, oval to round and berry-like and hold kidney-shaped seeds in a dry, pulpy matrix.
Adansonia gregorii, commonly known as the boab and also known by a number of other names, is a tree in the family Malvaceae, endemic to the northern regions of Western Australia and the Northern Territory of Australia.
Sir Augustus Charles Gregory was an English-born Australian explorer and surveyor. Between 1846 and 1858 he undertook four major expeditions. He was the first Surveyor-General of Queensland. He was appointed a lifetime Member of the Queensland Legislative Council.
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Bottle tree or bottle-tree may refer to:
Wyndham is the northernmost town in the Kimberley region of Western Australia, on the Great Northern Highway, 2,210 kilometres (1,373 mi) northeast of Perth. It was established in 1886 to service a new goldfield at Halls Creek, and it is now a port and service centre for the east Kimberley with a population of 941 as of the 2021 census. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people make up 54% of the population. Wyndham comprises two areas - the original town site at Wyndham Port situated on Cambridge Gulf, and 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) by road to the south, the Three Mile area with the residential and shopping area for the port, also founded in 1886. Wyndham is part of the Shire of Wyndham-East Kimberley.
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The Baobab Prison Tree, Derby is a 1,500-year-old, large hollow Adansonia gregorii (Baobab) tree 6 kilometres south of Derby, Western Australia with a girth of 14.7 metres. It had been reputed to have been used in the 1890s as a lockup for indigenous Australian prisoners on their way to Derby for sentencing, but there is no evidence that it was ever used to house prisoners.
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