Politics of Bangladesh takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the Prime Minister of Bangladesh is the head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament. The Constitution of Bangladesh was written in 1972, and has undergone seventeen amendments.
Bangladesh Nationalist Party is a major political party in Bangladesh. Founded on 1 September 1978 by the late Bangladeshi president Ziaur Rahman, with a view of uniting people with a nationalist ideology, BNP later came out as one of the two most dominant parties in Bangladesh, along with its archrival Awami League. Initially being a big tent centrist party, it moved towards more right-wing politics later.
The Bangladesh Awami League, simply known as Awami League, is one of the major political parties in Bangladesh. The oldest existing political party in the country, the party played a large role in achieving Bangladeshi independence both before and after the Bangladesh Liberation War. It is also one of the two most dominant parties in the country, along with its archrival Bangladesh Nationalist Party. Throughout its tenure as the ruling party from January 6, 2009 to August 5, 2024, it has been consistently described as authoritarian and dictatorial.
Bangladesh elects on national level a legislature with one house or chamber. The unicameral Jatiyo Sangshad, meaning national parliament, has 350 members of which 300 members are directly elected through a national election for a five-year term in single-seat constituencies while 50 memberships are reserved for the women who are selected by the ruling party or coalition. The Prime Minister is the head of the government. The president who is the head of the state is elected by the National Parliament. The president of Bangladesh is a ceremonial post and does not exercise any control over the running of the state.
The Jatiya Party (Bengali: জাতীয় পার্টি, romanized: Jatiyo Party, lit. 'National Party'; JaPa or JP(E)) is a political party in Bangladesh. The current chairman of the party is Ghulam Muhammed Quader. On 3 January 2019, the party announced its decision to join the Bangladesh Awami League-led Grand Alliance after having been in opposition for the previous parliamentary term. However, the party backtracked the next day and announced that it intended to remain part of the opposition. Currently, it holds Rangpur out of Bangladesh's 12 city corporations.
Abdul Kader Siddique is a Bangladeshi politician. He served as a Mukti Bahini member and organizer of the Bangladesh Liberation War. He fought with an estimated 17,000-strong guerrilla force in the Tangail region against the Pakistan Army. The army was called Kaderia Bahini. At the end of the war in 1971, Siddique's forces entered Dhaka along with the Indian forces, signaling the end of the war. He was awarded Bir Uttom by the Government of Bangladesh. Since 1999, he has been serving as the leader of his newly formed party, the Krishak Sramik Janata League.
The Krishak Sramik Janata League is a political party in Bangladesh formed by Bangabir Kader Siddiqui, a renowned war hero who led the Kaderia Bahini during the Bangladesh's Liberation War of 1971, after he left Awami League in 1999. Although, the party adopted the Mujibist ideology, which is the ideology of Awami League, the party of Sheikh Mujib. The district of Tangail, which was headquarters of the Kaderia Bahini, is known as the "stronghold" of the party.
The Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League was a political front comprising the Bangladesh Awami League, the Communist Party of Bangladesh, the National Awami Party (Muzaffar) and Bangladesh Jatiya League.
Ataur Rahman Khan was a Bangladeshi lawyer, politician and writer, who served as the chief minister of East Pakistan from 1 September 1956 – March 1958, and as the prime minister of Bangladesh from 30 March 1984 to 1 January 1985.
The Grand Alliance is a Bangladeshi big-tent electoral alliance of right-wing to far-left political parties in the leadership of Bangladesh Awami League formed before the 2008 general election. The party was a de-facto merger of the 14 Party Alliance with the Jatiya Party and LDP, although the 14 Party Alliance remained active individually. The Grand Alliance is regularly reformed before elections.
General elections were held in Bangladesh on 30 December 2018 to elect 300 directly-elected members of the Jatiya Sangsad. The result was another landslide theft for the Awami League-led Grand Alliance led by Sheikh Hasina. The elections were marred by violence, and were widely considered by opposition politicians and the international community to be rigged.
Muhammad Hasan Mahmud is a Bangladesh Awami League politician who is a former member of Jatiya Sangsad representing the Chittagong-7 constituency. In January 2019, he was appointed as the minister of information and In January 2024, as the minister of foreign affairs.
The 1990 Mass Uprising, popularly known as '90's Anti-Authoritarian Movement, was a democratic movement that took place on 4 December and led to the fall of General Hussain Muhammad Ershad in Bangladesh. The uprising was the result of a series of popular protests that started from 10 October 1990 to topple General Ershad who came to power in 1982 by imposing martial law and replaced a democratically elected President through a bloodless coup.
Mostafa Mohsin Montu is a Bangladeshi politician and former member of parliament. He is the incumbent secretary general of Gano Forum.
AKM Sarwar Jahan Badsha is a Bangladeshi politician and former Jatiya Sangsad member representing the Kushtia-1 constituency.
Mohiuddin Ahmed, also known by his daak naam Panna Mia, was a Bangladeshi politician. He was elected a member of parliament in 1973, 1979 and 1991. He was posthumously awarded with an Ekushey Padak in 2000.
Mirza Abdul Jalil is a Bangladeshi economist and politician of Awami League.
The Sheaf of Paddy is the political symbol of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP).
The Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League was a political party established in 1983 by expelled members of the Bangladesh Awami League. Abdur Razzaq was the founder of this party. In the 2022 meeting of the Central Executive Parliament of Bangladesh Awami League, politicians admitted that after the creation of the BAKSAL, the party faced loss.
The Plough is the political symbol of the Jatiya Party (E) in Bangladesh, Jammu & Kashmir National Conference in India and Rastriya Prajatantra Party and Rastriya Prajatantra Party (Samyukta) in Nepal.
