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Burundi originated in the 16th century as a small kingdom in the African Great Lakes region. After European contact, it was united with the Kingdom of Rwanda, becoming the colony of Ruanda-Urundi - first colonised by Germany and then by Belgium. The colony gained independence in 1962, and split once again into Rwanda and Burundi. It is one of the few countries in Africa to be a direct territorial continuation of a pre-colonial era African state.
Paul-Émile Janson was a francophone Belgian liberal politician and the prime minister from 1937 to 1938. During the German occupation, he was arrested as a political prisoner and died in a German concentration camp in 1944.
Sylvie Kinigi is a Burundian politician and economist who served as prime minister of Burundi from 10 July 1993 to 7 February 1994, and acting president from November 1993 to 5 February 1994, making her the second African woman to serve as a president.
Antoine Nduwayo was the Prime Minister of Burundi from 22 February 1995, until 31 July 1996. Nduwayo is an ethnic Tutsi.
Burundi is a producer of columbium (niobium) and tantalum ore, tin ore, and tungsten ore, and some deposits of gold which are designated for export. Burundi has resources of copper, cobalt, nickel, feldspar, phosphate rock, quartzite, and rare reserves of uranium, and vanadium.
Michel Sapin is a French politician who served as Minister of Finance from 1992 to 1993 and again from 2014 to 2017. He is a member of the Socialist Party.
Burundi, officially the Republic of Burundi, is a landlocked country in the Great Rift Valley at the junction between the African Great Lakes region and Southeast Africa. It is bordered by Rwanda to the north, Tanzania to the east and southeast, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west; Lake Tanganyika lies along its southwestern border. The capital city is Gitega and the largest city is Bujumbura.
Raymond Ndong Sima is a Gabonese politician who has been the Prime Minister of Gabon since September 2023. He was previously prime minister from February 2012 to January 2014.
The don des vaisseaux was a subscription effort launched by Étienne François de Choiseul, Duke of Choiseul and secretary of State to the Navy in 1761 as an effort to rebuild French naval power, diminished at the end of the Seven Years' War and in need for modernisation. Through this subscription, French provinces, cities, institutions or individuals contributed funds for the building of ships of the line, which were then named in their honour. The scheme raised 13 millions French livres and provided 18 ships, including two three-deckers, Ville de Paris and Bretagne.
On 25 April 2015, the ruling political party in Burundi, the National Council for the Defense of Democracy – Forces for the Defense of Democracy (CNDD-FDD), announced that the incumbent President of Burundi, Pierre Nkurunziza, would run for a third term in the 2015 presidential election. The announcement sparked protests by those opposed to Nkurunziza seeking a third term in office.
On 28 November 1966, Michel Micombero, Burundi's 26-year-old Prime Minister, ousted the 19-year-old king (mwami) of Burundi, Ntare V, in a coup d'état. Ntare was out of the country at the time and the coup leaders quickly succeeded in taking control. Micombero declared an end to the monarchy and the Kingdom of Burundi became a republic, with Micombero as its first President.
The 1976 Burundian coup d'état was a bloodless military coup that took place in Burundi on 1 November 1976. An Army faction, led by Deputy Chief of Staff Jean-Baptiste Bagaza, ousted President Michel Micombero. Bagaza formed the 30-member Supreme Revolutionary Council to take control, suspended the country's constitution and was inaugurated as president on 10 November 1976.
Lucie Castets is a French civil servant and economist. Associated with the Socialist Party, Castets was nominated by the New Popular Front (NFP) to serve as Prime Minister of France in the aftermath of the 2024 legislative election.
Vénérand Kazohera is a Burundian businessman. He was a prominent supporter of the ruling CNDD-FDD party under president Pierre Nkurunziza (2005–2020), and remained active under president Evariste Ndayishimiye.
Freddy Mbonimpa is a Burundian politician who was mayor of Bujumbura from 2015 to 2020. He held office during a period of political unrest after the decision of the President of Burundi to run for a third term.
Onatel Burundi, is a state-owned telecommunications provider in Burundi. It provides the full range of services including fixed and mobile voice, broadband and internet. The company has struggled to compete with private internet, broadband and mobile operators for many years.
Burundi Musongati Mining, or BMM, is a public-private enterprise that mines nickel near Musongati, Rutana Province, Burundi.
The Caisse d'épargne du Burundi, or CADEBU, was a public company that managed mandatory savings in Burundi. It collapsed in 1992 after competition was introduced.
The Banque de commerce et de développement, or BCD, was a short-lived state-owned bank in Burundi.
The Meridien Bank Burundi, or MBB, was a bank in Burundi, a subsidiary of Meridien BIAO, a network of African banks with headquarters in Zambia. It was launched in 1988 and failed in 1995.