The Cabildo of Jujuy (Spanish: Cabildo de Jujuy) is a cabildo founded on 19 April 1593 at the Argentina province of Jujuy. It was where Manuel Belgrano showed the National Argentine Flag, on 25 May 1812. [1] It collapsed by the 1863 Jujuy earthquake, and started being reconstructed in 1864 and finally finished three years later in 1867. On 14 July 1941, it was declared Monumento Histórico Nacional (National Historic Monument). [2] [3]
Spanish conqueror Francisco de Argañarás y Murguía, along with his hueste, found the land where he later ended up founding the city on 16 April 1593. At the following day, Argañarás choses Rodrigo Pereyra as scrivener, founds the city archive and the aperture of the Cabildo book. On 19 April of the same year Argañarás founds the city San Salvador de Velazco (current San Salvador de Jujuy, capital of Jujuy) and chose the Cabildo members. [1] The exact date of the construction of the cabildo is unknown due to archives loss, but it is known that, few after the foundation, Argañarás asked to the Cabildo to be “built the fastest possible”. It was later informed that the city “has put and signed Cabildo and jail houses”. [3]
On 25 May 1812, Manuel Belgrano presented the then-just-created National Flag to the town and army, inside the Jujuy Cabildo. On 25 May of the next year, Belgrano gives to this cabildo the Bandera Nacional de Nuestra Libertad Civil (National Flag of our Civile Freedom), as a gratitude symbol. [1] [2]
In 1821 the cabildo began to go downside after Bernandino Rivadavia abolished the Cabildo of Buenos Aires. [1]
At early 1825, Juan Antonio Álvarez de Arenales, the then Salta governor, sent a law project to try to transfer the building and thus try to finish with the privileges the cabildo had since the colonial times, for "modernizing" the State. On 9 February 1825, the room of the representatives accept the project and, as a result, it's established by Arenales and the building of the cabildo was handed over to the Departamento de Policía de Jujuy (Jujuy Police Department). [2]
On 18 November 1831 was established, in this cabildo, the politic autonomy act to become independent from Salta. [2] [1]
On 18 December 1837, Pablo Alemán, the then governor of Jujuy, ordered the invalidation of the Cabildo y Regimiento of the city San Salvador de Jujuy. It began ruling on 1 January 1838, thus being the last Argentine cabildo to be abolished. Since then, it worked as a jail, as headquarters of Guardia Urbana and as provisional Government House. [1] [3]
On 15 January 1863, due to an earthquake, the cabildo collapsed in such a way it was decided to demolish it. Its reconstruction was planned in April 1863, being already at an advanced stage in 1864 and finished three years later in 1867. [4] [2] [3] This earthquake also caused the collapsing of other buildings.[ citation needed ]
On 14 July 1941 it was declared “Monumento Histórico Nacional por Decreto N° 95 687” (National Historic Monument by Decree No. 95 687). [3]
Since 2019 a remodelling of the Cabildo was being thought. [5] It was not until June 2021, however, when the project “Cabildo II” (its full Spanish name being “Recuperación y Puesta en Valor del Cabildo Histórico de Jujuy”; on English “Recuperation and Enhancement of the Historic Cabildo of Jujuy”) [6] was announced. It promises hosting “the museum in which all the history of the Province of Jujuy will be told”. [7] This project, planned to be finished in May 2023, [8] demolished inside zones of the cabildo, although, according to Carlos Stanic (the titular of the Ministerio de Infraestructura) “[...] the demolitions were done acknowledging the architectonic characteristics that must be preserved [...]”. [6]
Also, besides reconstructing the cabildo itself, there will be space for the Historic Archive, two public zones with a capacity of 120 persons, a "media center", administration offices, a food zone, bathrooms and an open park, among other services. [6] Cabildo II is planned to be a familiar and historic place at the same time [8]
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Manuel José Joaquín del Corazón de Jesús Belgrano y González, usually referred to as Manuel Belgrano, was an Argentine public servant, economist, lawyer, politician, journalist, and military leader. He took part in the Argentine Wars of Independence and designed what became the flag of Argentina. Argentines regard him as one of the main Founding Fathers of the country.
Jujuy is a province of Argentina, located in the extreme northwest of the country, at the borders with Chile and Bolivia. The only neighboring Argentine province is Salta to the east and south.
San Salvador de Jujuy, commonly known as Jujuy and locally often referred to as San Salvador, is the capital and largest city of Jujuy Province in northwest Argentina. Also, it is the seat of the Doctor Manuel Belgrano Department. It lies near the southern end of the Humahuaca Canyon where wooded hills meet the lowlands.
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The Jujuy Exodus was an episode of the Argentine War of Independence. It was a massive forced displacement of people from the Jujuy Province, by orders of General Manuel Belgrano, conducted by his patriot forces that were battling a Royalist army. The population was compelled to leave under the threat of execution.
National Route 9 is a major road in Argentina, which runs from the center-east to the northwest of the country, crossing the provinces of Buenos Aires, Santa Fe, Córdoba, Santiago del Estero, Tucumán, Salta and Jujuy. It starts on Avenida General Paz, which marks the border between the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires and the surrounding province of the same name, and ends at the Horacio Guzmán International Bridge, on the La Quiaca River, traversing 1,967 km (1,222 mi). The road is a limited access motorway from Buenos Aires to Rosario.
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The 1863 Jujuy earthquake took place in the province of Jujuy, Argentina on 15 January at about 11:00 (UTC-3). It had an estimated magnitude of 6.4 and its epicenter was at 23°36′S65°00′W, at a depth of about 50 kilometres (31 mi).
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Eustoquio Antonio Díaz Vélez was an Argentine military officer who fought against the British invasions of the Río de la Plata, participated in the May Revolution, in the war of independence and in the Argentine civil wars.
The Army of the North, contemporaneously called Army of Peru, was one of the armies deployed by the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata in the Spanish American wars of independence. Its objective was freeing the Argentine Northwest and the Upper Peru from the royalist troops of the Spanish Empire. It was headed by Hipólito Vieytes (1810), Juan José Castelli (1810–1811), Juan Martín de Pueyrredón (1811–1812), Manuel Belgrano (1812–1814), José de San Martín (1814), José Rondeau (1814–1816), Manuel Belgrano (1816–1819) and Francisco Fernández de la Cruz (1819–1820).
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The flag of Macha is the name given to a pair of flags of Argentina found at a chapel in the hamlet of Titiri, near the village of Macha, north of Potosí, Bolivia. They are considered to be the first physical flags created by Manuel Belgrano, who in November 1813 hid the standards to prevent them from falling into enemy hands after the United Provinces' army defeat of Ayohuma. They were discovered in 1885. Bolivia kept one of those flags at Sucre; the other was given to Argentina in 1896 and is currently kept at the National Historical Museum. Tucumán Province has used it as provincial flag since 2010. The flag preserved in Argentina is a triband of blue, white and blue bands, like the modern flag of Argentina, but the one kept in Bolivia is a triband of white, blue and white.
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