Nordic combined is a winter sport in which athletes compete in cross-country skiing and ski jumping. The Nordic combined at the Winter Olympics has been held since the first ever Winter Olympics in 1924, while the FIS Nordic Combined World Cup has been held since 1983. Many Nordic combined competitions use the Gundersen method, where placement in the ski jumping segment results in time (dis)advantages added to the contestant's total in the cross-country skiing segment.
The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships is a biennial Nordic skiing event organized by the International Ski Federation (FIS). The World Championships was started in 1925 for men and opened for women's participation in 1954. World Championship events include Nordic skiing's three disciplines: cross-country skiing, ski jumping, and Nordic combined. From 1924 to 1939, the World Championships were held every year, including the Winter Olympics. After World War II, the World Championships were held every four years from 1950 to 1982. Since 1985, the World Championships have been held in odd-numbered years.
The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2009 took place 18 February – 1 March 2009 in Liberec, Czech Republic. This was the fourth time these championships were hosted either in the Czech Republic or in Czechoslovakia, having done so at Janské Lázně (1925) and Vysoké Tatry.
David John Morris is an Australian Olympic aerial/freestyle skier who competed in 3 Winter Olympic Games in 2010, 2014 and 2018. He is Australia's most successful male aerial skier, having competed across FIS World Cup, World Championships and Winter Olympic competitions. He is the first Australian male aerial skier to compete at two consecutive Olympic Games, and the first Australian Medalist in the Olympic Men's Aerials.
Eric Frenzel is a German nordic combined skier who has been competing since 2000.
Ilia Grigoryevich Chernousov is a Russian cross-country skier. He won bronze medals at the 2011 World Championships and 2014 Winter Olympics.
Johannes Rydzek is a German nordic combined skier who has competed since 2006.
Alex Pullin, nicknamed Chumpy, was an Australian snowboarder who competed at the 2010, 2014 and 2018 Winter Olympics. He was a two-time snowboard cross (boardercross) world champion.
Andrew "Andy" Musgrave is a British cross-country skier. He has competed in the World Cup since 2008 and represented Great Britain at the 2009 World Championships and the 2010, 2014, 2018, and 2022 Winter Olympics.
Andrew "Andy" Young is a Scottish cross-country skier. He competed for Great Britain in the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, finishing in 74th place in the 15km freestyle. In 2008, he became the youngest skier to compete in a World Cup event.
Barbara Jezeršek is a Slovenian-born Australian cross country skier, currently representing Australia, who has competed since 2003. At the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, she finished 14th in the 4 x 5 km relay, 17th in the 7.5 km + 7.5 km double pursuit, and 40th in the 10 km events.
Finland competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia from 7 to 23 February 2014. The Finnish team consisted of 103 competitors who participated in alpine skiing, biathlon, cross-country skiing, freestyle skiing, ice hockey, ski jumping, snowboarding, and speed skating.
Australia competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia, from 7 to 23 February 2014. Australia's team consisted of 60 athletes competing in 11 sports, which represented the largest Winter Olympics team the country had ever sent.
Noah Hoffman is a retired American Olympic cross-country skier. He competed for the United States at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia, and in the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea.
Jesse Cockney is a Canadian Olympic cross-country skier of Inuvialuit heritage whose father, Angus Cockney, also was a Canadian national team member and national champion. The 2014 Winter Olympic Games in Sochi, Russia is where Cockney made his Olympic debut. Cockney competed in two events at Sochi, the sprint, and the 50 km mass start, which are the shortest and longest events at the Games. Prior to the Olympics, Cockney had a successful Junior career, winning three gold medals at the 2011 Canada Winter Games. He also made his World Cup debut in 2011. While growing up in Canmore, Alberta, Cockney participated in the ski development program. Cockney is a member of the Nordic Hills Ski Club and Canadian Senior Team. He is fluent in both English and French. Actress and activist Marika Sila is his younger sister.
Sadie Maubet Bjornsen is a retired American cross-country skier and former member of the United States Ski Team Nordic programs "Cross Country A Team" roster.
Phillip Bellingham is an Australian cross-country skier from Mount Beauty, Victoria. He represented Australia at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia, and at the 2018 Winter Olympics in PyeongChang, South Korea.
Aimee Watson is an Australian cross-country skier. She competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi. And 2018 Pyeong Chang
Yuliya Anatoliyevna Ivanova is a Russian cross-country skier. She competed at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2011 in Oslo, and at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013 in Val di Fiemme.
Competitive cross-country skiing encompasses a variety of race formats and course lengths. Rules of cross-country skiing are sanctioned by the International Ski Federation and by various national organizations. International competitions include the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships, the FIS Cross-Country World Cup, and at the Winter Olympic Games. Such races occur over homologated, groomed courses designed to support classic (in-track) and freestyle events, where the skiers may employ skate skiing. It also encompasses cross-country ski marathon events, sanctioned by the Worldloppet Ski Federation, and cross-country ski orienteering events, sanctioned by the International Orienteering Federation. Related forms of competition are biathlon, where competitors race on cross-country skis and stop to shoot at targets with rifles, and paralympic cross-country skiing that allows athletes with disabilities to compete at cross-country skiing with adaptive equipment.
