| Canoeing at the 1980 Summer Olympics | ||
|---|---|---|
Sprint | ||
| C-1 500 m | men | |
| C-1 1000 m | men | |
| C-2 500 m | men | |
| C-2 1000 m | men | |
| K-1 500 m | men | women |
| K-1 1000 m | men | |
| K-2 500 m | men | women |
| K-2 1000 m | men | |
| K-4 1000 m | men | |
Canoeing at the 1980 Summer Olympics was held in the Krylatskoe Canoeing and Rowing Basin, located at the Krylatskoye Olympic Sports Complex (Krylatskoye district, Moscow). The canoeing schedule began on 30 July and ended on 2 August. 11 canoeing events were contested.
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| K-1 500 metres | Birgit Fischer  East Germany | Vanja Gesheva  Bulgaria | Antonina Melnikova  Soviet Union |
| K-2 500 metres | Carsta Genäuß Martina Bischof East Germany | Galina Alexeyeva Nina Trofimova Soviet Union | Éva Rakusz Mária Zakariás  Hungary |
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Soviet Union | 4 | 2 | 2 | 8 |
| 2 | East Germany | 4 | 1 | 3 | 8 |
| 3 | Bulgaria | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 |
 Romania | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 | |
| 5 | Hungary | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 6 |  Spain | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 7 |  Australia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| France | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Totals (8 entries) | 11 | 11 | 11 | 33 | |
179 canoeists from 23 nations competed
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