Cara David | |
---|---|
Born | Caroline Martha Mallet 26 April 1856 |
Died | 25 December 1951 95) | (aged
Nationality | Australian |
Other names | Caroline Edgeworth David; Caroline Martha (Cara) David; Caroline Martha David; Lady Caroline Edgeworth David; ; Mrs. Edgeworth David; Caroline Martha Mallett |
Spouse | Sir Tannatt Edgeworth David |
Children | 3 |
Cara, Lady David (26 April 1856 – 25 December 1951) was an Australian educator, feminist, and social reformer. [1]
Born Caroline Martha Mallet in 1856, David was the daughter of a fisherman in Southwold, England. Her parents were Samuel Mallett and Pamela née Wright. Her father died in 1860 and her mother soon afterwards. As a result David was raised by her grandparents who were a schoolmaster and his wife.
She attended the local school and became a student-teacher there when she was 13. In 1875, David went away to the Whitelands College in London and remained there as a lecturer when she completed her studies. [2] [3]
When she was 29 years old, David moved to Australia to take up the position of principal in the Hurlstone Training College for Women in Sydney. On the boat out she met the man who later became her husband, Tannatt Edgeworth David. However David remained the principal of Hurlstone until 1885. In July 1885, David married. Her husband was a geologist and as a result she travelled around with him. They had three children while living in Maitland, New South Wales. The first was born while they were living in a tent. After the third child was born 1891 the family returned to Sydney. David became the examiner for Sydney Technical College and was part of the hiring team for teaching diplomas in the University of Sydney from 1895 to 1897. [2] [3]
David was inquisitive and investigated several religions including the Methodist, Christadelphian, Quaker, Seventh-Day Adventist, Unitarian, and Baptist sects. She also travelled with her husband to Mount Kosciuszko, in Australia, to England and to Halifax, Canada. One of the most notable of her trips was to Tuvalu, then known as Funafuti, in 1897. [4]
David was the only woman on the expedition. Despite her intended role of nursemaid, cook and wife, David immersed herself in the local culture and in 1899 published a book, Funafuti, or, Three months on a coral island, about her experiences (digitised version). [5]
She regularly took actions which were seen as daring or shocking. She wore a divided skirt on Kosciusko. She swam naked with her husband in Tuvalu. Intensely interested in social reform and education David was a member of the National Council of Women. She was an active suffragist. Her professional standing gave her influence in the Department of Public Instruction of New South Wales. David was a founding member of the Women's club in the University of Sydney where she was elected vice-president. Dubbed "one of the few really brainy women [in] Sydney", she was elected president of Sydney Women's Club in 1906. [6] and was a founding member of the Feminist Club in 1914. David founded the Women's National Movement, as its first president in June 1916. In later life David became the state commissioner of Girl Guides in New South Wales, retiring at 82 from a role she took on for the previous ten years. [2] [3]
David is believed to have convinced her husband not to accept a knighthood until eventually his work pressured him into it in 1920. He died in 1934. David lived after that with her daughter Molly in Hornsby. Madge, her eldest, became the first woman elected to the Tasmanian Parliament. David died on 25 December 1951. [2] [3] [7]
David was a vegetarian. [3] For her health regime she used dumbbells. [3]
Tuvalu, formerly known as the Ellice Islands, is an island country in the Polynesian subregion of Oceania in the Pacific Ocean, about midway between Hawaii and Australia. It lies east-northeast of the Santa Cruz Islands, northeast of Vanuatu, southeast of Nauru, south of Kiribati, west of Tokelau, northwest of Samoa and Wallis and Futuna, and north of Fiji.
The Western Pacific nation of Tuvalu, formerly known as the Ellice Islands, is situated 4,000 kilometers (2,500 mi) northeast of Australia and is approximately halfway between Hawaii and Australia. It lies east-northeast of the Santa Cruz Islands, southeast of Nauru, south of Kiribati, west of Tokelau, northwest of Samoa and Wallis and Futuna and north of Fiji. It is a very small island country of 26 km2 (10 sq mi). Due to the spread out islands it has the 38th largest Exclusive Economic Zone of 749,790 km2 (289,500 sq mi). In terms of size, it is the second-smallest country in Oceania.
An atoll is a ring-shaped island, including a coral rim that encircles a lagoon. There may be coral islands or cays on the rim. Atolls are located in warm tropical or subtropical parts of the oceans and seas where corals can develop. Most of the approximately 440 atolls in the world are in the Pacific Ocean.
The first inhabitants of Tuvalu were Polynesians, so the origins of the people of Tuvalu can be traced to the spread of humans out of Southeast Asia, from Taiwan, via Melanesia and across the Pacific islands of Polynesia.
Nanumea is the northwesternmost atoll in the Polynesian nation of Tuvalu, a group of nine coral atolls and islands spread over about 400 miles (640 km) of the Pacific Ocean just south of the equator and west of the International Date Line. Nanumea is 4 km2 (1.5 sq mi) with a population of 512 people.
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Sir Tannatt William Edgeworth David was a Welsh Australian geologist and Antarctic explorer. A household name in his lifetime, David's most significant achievements were discovering the major Hunter Valley coalfield in New South Wales and leading the first expedition to reach the South Magnetic Pole. He also served with distinction in World War I.
Edgar Ravenswood Waite was a British/Australian zoologist, ichthyologist, herpetologist, and ornithologist.
Walter George Woolnough was an Australian geologist.
Funafuti is an atoll, comprising numerous islets, that serves as the capital of Tuvalu. As of the 2017 census, it has a population of 6,320 people. More people live in Funafuti than the rest of Tuvalu combined, with it containing approximately 60% of the nation's population. The main islet, Fongafale, hosts Vaiaku, the administrative center of the nation.
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Women in Tuvalu continue to maintain a traditional Polynesian culture within a predominantly Christian society. Tuvaluan cultural identity is sustained through an individual's connection to their home island. In the traditional community system in Tuvalu, each family has its own task, or salanga, to perform for the community. The skills of a family are passed on from parents to children. The women of Tuvalu participate in the traditional music of Tuvalu and in the creation of the art of Tuvalu including using cowrie and other shells in traditional handicrafts. There are opportunities of further education and paid employment with non-government organisations (NGOs) and government enterprises, education and health agencies being the primary opportunities for Tuvaluan women.
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