Carreglwyd

Last updated

Carreglwyd
Carreglwyd House, Llanfaethlu - geograph.org.uk - 1000798.jpg
Carreglwyd House
TypeHouse
Location Llanfaethlu, Anglesey
Coordinates 53°21′34″N4°32′35″W / 53.35944°N 4.54306°W / 53.35944; -4.54306
Built1634
Architectural style(s) Georgian
OwnerCarpenter family
Website carreglwydestate.co.uk
Listed Building – Grade II
Designated1 August 1952
Reference no.5267
Official nameCarreglwyd
TypeGrade II*
Designated2002
Reference no.PGW(Gd)43(ANG)
Isle of Anglesey UK location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Location of Carreglwyd in Anglesey

Carreglwyd is a Georgian country house, on the northwest of the Isle of Anglesey, about 1 km NW of Llanfaethlu in Wales, at grid reference SH309878.

Contents

"Carreglwyd" is Welsh for "grey rock", with lwyd being the soft mutation (Welsh : treiglad meddal) of llwyd (usually translated as "grey" in English).

The land was owned by the Tudors of Penmynydd, but they forfeited the estate to the family of Griffiths of Penrhyn during the Glyndŵr rebellion in the 15th century. William Griffiths built the current hall in 1634. It was remodelled and expanded during the 18th to 19th centuries when the estate was joined with the neighbouring estates of the Trygarns and Holland families of Berw. The hall and estate have since been inherited by the Carpenter family.

The hall and estate became a Grade II* listed building as of 1952. From 2010, the estate has become a wedding venue, and it also hosts a year music festival named Gottwood.

Carreglwyd history

Family history

The Griffiths of Carreglwyd were direct descendants and a younger branch of the Griffiths of Penrhyn family from nearby Caernarfonshire, in North Wales. Gwilym ap Griffith (d. 1431) of Penrhyn married the daughter of Goronwy ap Tudur of the Tudors of Penmynydd family on Anglesey. It was through his son, Gwilym Fychan, and his grandson, Gwilym's second son, Edmund that the estate was passed successively through inheritance. Edmund established the Carreglwyd estate on Anglesey in the 15th century. However, it was not through marriage the Griffiths of Penrhyn acquired the estate. Due to the Glyndŵr rebellion, many Welsh noblemen forfeited their estates to the English crown, but it was during 1407 that Gwilym ap Griffith made peace with the King of England and was restored to his estates, he was also given over 27 estates on Anglesey of Welsh soldiers who had probably died in the rebellion. By 1410, his wife's uncles, Rhys ap Tudur and Gwilym ap Tudur lost their estates due to their roles in the ongoing rebellion, and the lands were added to Gwilym's estate. Between 1431 and 1530 the estate was added to, and the family established themselves a surname as the Griffiths family. [1]

The estate of Carreglwyd was joined with the neighbouring estates of the family of Trygarns of Lleyn and the Hollands of Berw in 1755 through the marriage of John Griffiths with Mary Trygarn, the heiress of the adjoining estates. The married couple's initials are seen on a lead cistern dated 1763. Their son Holland inherited Carreglwyd in 1776 and Berw in 1799. During the following generations Mary, then her son Holland Griffiths, were responsible for a lot of the remodelling, which continued until the 19th century. [2]

By the 19th century, the growing estate was owned by Richard Trygarn Griffiths. He married Emma Mary Carpenter, granddaughter of Sir John Thomas Stanley, 6th Baronet of Penrhos, Anglesey. His daughter became the last direct owner of Carreglwyd. Emma married Sir Chandos Stanhope Hoskyns Reade, 8th Baronet of Shipton. On her childless death in 1917, the house passed to a cousin and then a nephew of hers, and since then, it has been owned by the Carpenter family and is still in the possession of the same family to date. [3]

Carreglwyd hall's history

The Carreglwyd estate was passed from father to son in the Griffiths family from the 15th century. Edmund's son William became the rector of Llanfaethlu in 1544. The estate, then called Ty'n y pant [4] , was owned by William, who was evicted in 1544 only to be reinstated by 1559 for the price of £700 (equivalent to £300,000in 2021). The property was passed through successive generations of the Griffiths family for centuries; they were a university-educated family with some members becoming priests in local churches. [1] [5]

The current building was built by William Griffiths (or Griffith), 1597–1648, Fellow of New College, Oxford and a Chancellor of the dioceses of St. Asaph and Bangor. He was Master of the Rolls (in Wales), and a master in chancery. He married Mary (died 1645), daughter of John Owen, bishop of Bangor, and died of the plague on 17 October 1648. [5] He oversaw the building of a new house on the site in 1634. [6] [3] Another William Griffiths, the Chancellor's grandson, made further alterations in the late 17th and early 18th centuries, the oldest of which remains in the southwest side of the house. [2]

In the 18th century, the estate was remodelled by Mary, who married into the Griffiths family. As an heiress, Mary's share vastly expanded the estate, and additions were subsequently added, including stables, a laundry, a walled garden, and a main gatepost. [2] During the ownership of Mary's son, Holland Griffiths (1756-1839) in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, [7] further remodelling of the estate was conducted, during which time the dining room, sitting room and library were given a major renovation. [2] There is a walled kitchen garden which was constructed in 1891. The interior was renovated in the 1980s. [8] The estate opened its grounds to the public for the first time in 1996, with the addition of a car park in 1998. There was a renovation of the stable block in 2010, which was also the year of the first wedding held at the estate. [3]

Its gardens and parkland are listed as Grade II* on the Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales. There is a lawn with lime, oak, and sycamore trees lined with a garden lake with woodlands. [8] A Georgian two storey laundry was built in the 18th century to house workers. The buildings have since been converted to offices as of the 1990s. [9] The stables were constructed in the 18th to 19th centuries by the owner, and were renovated in the 1990s. [10]

Gottwood music festival

Since 2010, a yearly music festival has been held on the grounds of Carreglwyd, named Gottwood. The electronic music festival hosts 5,000 attendees, a number first achieved in 2013, and it attracts musicians from around the world. Most of the concertgoers camp on the grounds, essentially in the house's garden. The festival director is the estate owner Tom Carpenter. [3] [11] [12]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Owen Tudor</span> Welsh courtier and soldier (c.1400–1461)

Sir Owen Tudor was a Welsh courtier and the second husband of Queen Catherine of Valois (1401–1437), widow of King Henry V of England. He was the grandfather of Henry VII, founder of the Tudor dynasty.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Penmynydd</span> Village in Anglesey, Wales

Penmynydd, meaning "top of the mountain" in Welsh, is a village and community on Anglesey, Wales. It is known for being the birthplace of the Tudors of Penmynydd, which became the House of Tudor. The population according to the United Kingdom Census 2011 was 465. The community includes the village of Star.

Ednyfed Fychan, full name Ednyfed Fychan ap Cynwrig, was a Welsh warrior who became Seneschal to the Kingdom of Gwynedd in Northern Wales, serving Llywelyn the Great and his son Dafydd ap Llywelyn. Ednyfed claimed descent from Marchudd ap Cynan, Lord of Rhos, 'protector' of Rhodri Mawr, King of Gwynedd. He was the patrilineal ancestor of Owen Tudor and thereby of the Tudor dynasty.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Plas Newydd (Anglesey)</span> Country house in Anglesey

Plas Newydd is a country house set in gardens, parkland and surrounding woodland on the north bank of the Menai Strait, in Llanddaniel Fab, near Llanfairpwllgwyngyll, Anglesey, Wales. The current building has its origins in 1470, and evolved over the centuries to become one of Anglesey's principal residences. Owned successively by Griffiths, Baylys and Pagets, it became the country seat of the Marquesses of Anglesey, and the core of a large agricultural estate. The house and grounds, with views over the strait and Snowdonia, are open to the public, having been owned by the National Trust since 1976.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Penrhyn Castle</span> Country house in Wales

Penrhyn Castle is a country house in Llandygai, Bangor, Gwynedd, North Wales, constructed in the style of a Norman castle. The Penrhyn estate was founded by Ednyfed Fychan. In the 15th century his descendent Gwilym ap Griffith built a fortified manor house on the site. In the 18th century, the Penrhyn estate came into the possession of Richard Pennant, 1st Baron Penrhyn, in part from his father, a Liverpool merchant, and in part from his wife, Ann Susannah Pennant née Warburton, the daughter of an army officer. Pennant derived great wealth from his ownership of slave plantations in the West Indies and was a strong opponent of attempts to abolish the slave trade. His wealth was used in part for the development of the slate mining industry on Pennant's Caernarfonshire estates, and also for development of Penrhyn Castle. In the 1780s Pennant commissioned Samuel Wyatt to undertake a reconstruction of the medieval house.

Pentre Berw is a small village located on the island of Anglesey in north Wales. It lies about 2 miles (3.2 km) south of the county town of Llangefni, and next to Gaerwen.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Glyndŵr rebellion</span> Welsh uprising against English rule, 1400–1415

The Glyndŵr rebellion was a Welsh rebellion led by Owain Glyndŵr against the Kingdom of England during the Late Middle Ages. During the rebellion's height between 1403 and 1406, Owain exercised control over the majority of Wales after capturing several of the most powerful English castles in the country, and formed a national parliament at Machynlleth. The revolt was the last major manifestation of a Welsh independence before the annexation of Wales into England in 1543.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tudur ap Gruffudd</span> Member of the Welsh Royal House of Mathrafal

Tudur ap Gruffudd (1365–1405), also known as Tudor de Glendore or Tudor Glendower, was the Lord of Gwyddelwern, a junior title of the princely house of Powys Fadog, and was the younger brother of Owain Glyndŵr, the Welsh rebel leader crowned Prince of Wales. His father was Gruffydd Fychan II, the hereditary Prince of Powys Fadog and previous Lord of Gwyddelwern. Along with his brother, Owain Glyndŵr, Tudur was a member of the royal House of Mathrafal.

Rhys ap Tudur was a Welsh nobleman and a member of the Tudor family of Penmynydd. He held positions of power on behalf of King Richard II of England, including two periods as the Sheriff of Anglesey in the 1370s and 80s. Rhys accompanied the king on a military expedition to Ireland in 1398, but in 1400 began to support the revolt of his cousin Owain Glyndŵr against King Henry IV of England. In 1401, he and his brother Gwilym ap Tudur took Conwy Castle after infiltrating it, and liaised with Henry Percy prior to his own rebellion in 1403. After being outlawed by the king in 1406, Rhys was captured and executed at Chester in 1412, although later oral tradition claims he returned to Anglesey to die there.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Llanfaethlu</span> Village and community in Anglesey, Wales

Llanfaethlu is a village and community in the north west of Anglesey, in north-west Wales. The community population taken at the 2011 Census was 553. The village takes its name from the Church of Saint Maethlu. The community includes Llanfwrog.

Maredudd ap Tudur was a Welsh soldier and nobleman from the Tudor family of Penmynydd. He was the youngest of six sons of Tudur ap Goronwy and was the father of Owen Tudor. Maredudd supported his cousin the Welsh patriot Owain Glyndŵr in 1400, alongside his brothers Rhys ap Tudur and Gwilym ap Tudur.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tudors of Penmynydd</span> Welsh noble family

The Tudors of Penmynydd were a noble and aristocratic family, connected with the village of Penmynydd in Anglesey, North Wales, who were very influential in Welsh politics. From this family arose Owen Tudor and thereby the Welsh Tudor dynasty, that ruled England from 1485 to 1603. The Tudor dynasty ended in the early 17th century with the death of Elizabeth I.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Goronwy ap Tudur Hen</span> Welsh aristocrat and soldier

Goronwy ap Tudur Hen, also known as Goronwy ap Tudur or Goronwy Fychan, was a Welsh aristocrat and Lord of Penmynydd. He was a member of the Tudor family of Penmynydd, Anglesey, North Wales, and a direct ancestor of Owen Tudor and thereby the Royal House of Tudor. He was a soldier for the English crown, who fought in the First War of Scottish Independence, including in the English invasion which led to the Battle of Bannockburn. He remained loyal to King Edward II of England until the king's death, and was both a yeoman and forester of Snowdon. After his death in 1331, his body was interred in Llanfaes Friary, near Bangor, Gwynedd.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tudur ap Goronwy</span> Welsh nobleman, soldier and landowner

Tudur ap Goronwy was a Welsh landowner, soldier and administrator of the Tudors of Penmynydd family from the island of Anglesey.

Gwilym ap Tudur was a Welsh nobleman and a member of the Tudor family of Penmynydd. In 1401, he and his brother Rhys ap Tudur took Conwy Castle after infiltrating it, in support of their cousin Owain Glyndŵr. Gwilym was subsequently pardoned in 1413, following the execution of his brother a year earlier.

Gwilym ap Griffith, also known as Gwilym ap Gruffydd, was a Welsh landowner. He briefly lent his support to Owain Glyndŵr in the Glyndŵr Rising. When his loyalty returned to the Crown, he was granted the lands of number of Glyndŵr supporters and by the end of his life had ownership of the majority of the lands previously held by the Tudors of Penmynydd.

William Griffith (1480–1545) of Penrhyn Castle was a Welsh politician. He was knighted at Touraine in 1513 and was Chamberlain of North Wales in 1520. He was with Henry VIII of England at the Sieges of Boulogne (1544–46).

Gruffudd ap Maredudd ap Dafydd was a Welsh bard working in Anglesey in the service of the Tudors of Penmynydd. One of the last of the older school of poets known as the Gogynfeirdd, he resisted the innovations in Welsh verse-form which took place in his lifetime. About 2400 lines of his work have survived in the Red Book of Hergest. His best-known poem is "Gwenhwyfar", an elegy to a young lady. He was described by the literary historian D. Myrddin Lloyd as "the finest of all the late Gogynfeirdd poets" and by Saunders Lewis as "one of the greats".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Registered historic parks and gardens in Anglesey</span> List of buildings in county of Wales

The Isle of Anglesey, a principal area off the north-west coast of Wales, includes the islands of Anglesey, Holy Island and some islets and skerries. It covers an area of 711 km2 (275 sq mi) and in 2021 the population was approximately 68,900.

References

  1. 1 2 "GRIFFITH OF PENRHYN, Caernarfonshire.". Dictionary of Welsh Biography . National Library of Wales.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Cadw. "Carreglwyd (Grade II*) (5267)". National Historic Assets of Wales . Retrieved 15 February 2023.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "History". carreglwydestate.co.uk. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  4. ↑ As stated in the Geology of Anglesey article, the island has a succession of parallel ridge and valley features which run northeast–southwest. The yn y pant ("in the hollow") element appears to relate to one of these valleys, presumably the small one in which the lake in the hall's grounds is found.
  5. 1 2 "GRIFFITH family, Carreg-lwyd, Anglesey". Dictionary of Welsh Biography . National Library of Wales.
  6. ↑ HMC 5th Report: Griffiths (London, 1876), p. 419.
  7. ↑ Bloom, Edward Alan; Bloom, Lillian Doris (2002). The Piozzi Letters: 1817-1821. University of Delaware Press. p. 210. ISBN   978-0-87413-395-0.
  8. 1 2 Cadw. "Carreglwyd (PGW(Gd)43(ANG))". National Historic Assets of Wales . Retrieved 6 February 2023.
  9. ↑ Cadw. "The Laundry, Carreglwyd (24785)". National Historic Assets of Wales .
  10. ↑ Cadw. "The Stables, Carreglwyd (24786)". National Historic Assets of Wales .
  11. ↑ "Gottwood festival". gottwood.co.uk. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
  12. ↑ "Gottwood festival". 1883magazine.com. 2019.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.