| Castle of Gagliano Aterno | |
|---|---|
Castello di Gagliano Aterno | |
| Gagliano Aterno | |
 Castle in Gagliano Aterno | |
  Castle of Gagliano Aterno | |
| Type | Castle |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1328 |
Castello di Gagliano Aterno (Italian for Castle of Gagliano Aterno) is a Middle Ages castle in Gagliano Aterno, Province of L'Aquila (Abruzzo). [1] [2]
The castle of Gagliano Aterno was constructed between the late 12th century and early 13th century by the Berardi, known as the Counts of Marsi, once they came into possession of the County of Celano in 1143, to which the fief belonged. [3] It was expanded in 1328 by Countess Isabella d'Aquino. [2] The fief of Gagliano Aterno, along with its castle, followed the fortunes of the county and over time was inherited directly by various members of the Berardi house [3] and then by its derivative families, first the Ocre family [4] and later the Celano family. [5] Specifically, the castle primarily followed the lineage of Odorisio of Ocre, son of Offreduzio, [4] then the succession: Oddone da Celano; Pietro, Riccardo, and Nicolò da Celano; Ruggero da Celano; Tommaso da Celano; Ruggero da Celano; Pietro, Matteo, and Paolo da Celano; Nicolò da Celano, eventually converging in his last daughter Jacovella da Celano. Through her third marriage, she brought the castle as a dowry to her husband Lionello of the Accrocciamuro family and then to their firstborn son Ruggero Accrocciamuro. [5] From November 15 to 17, 1462, the castle was damaged and looted during the siege by Jacopo Piccinino and his army, in collusion with Ruggero Accrocciamuro, who sought to force his mother Jacovella da Celano, who had taken refuge inside, to recognize his feudal succession rights over the County of Celano. [6] [7] The fief of Gagliano Aterno, along with the castle, passed the following year to Antonio Piccolomini d'Aragona, who repaired it and added two defensive walls. [2] Subsequently, it passed to the Barberini and then to the Sciarra-Colonna, who held it until 1806, when it was acquired by the Pietropaoli family, eventually ending up with the Lazzaroni family. [8] The castle is used as a private residence, but parts of the ground floor are open to visitors. [8]
The castle is characterized by two rings of walls: the inner one is accessible via a drawbridge that crosses a moat. [8] At the corners, there are three cylindrical towers for reinforcement, along with a polygonal tower. [8] Beyond the battlements, the residential palace unfolds, consisting of several buildings arranged around an inner courtyard equipped with a well and surrounded by a portico and a small loggia on the first floor, accessible by an open staircase. [8] During the transformation of the castle into an aristocratic residence, the windows were enlarged, and a two-level loggia overlooking the town below was created, with pointed arches in the inner courtyard and round arches on the first floor. [8]
The House of Piccolomini is the name of an Italian noble family, Patricians of Siena, who were prominent from the beginning of the 13th century until the 18th century. The family achieved the recognized titles of Pope of the Catholic Church, Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, Grandee of Spain, and Duke of Amalfi. The family is also featured in Florentine Histories, a book written by Niccolò Machiavelli, where he describes the reign of Pope Pius II, who had allied himself with the Venetians and Prince Vlad Dracula, to wage a war against the Sultan of the Ottoman empire.
Pietro Giannone was an Italian philosopher, historian and jurist born in Ischitella, in the province of Foggia. He opposed the papal influence in Naples, for which he was excommunicated and imprisoned for twelve years until his death.
Celano is a town and comune in the Province of L'Aquila, central Italy, 120 km (75 mi) east of Rome by rail.
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The Conti di Marsi, the Counts of Marsi, were a lineage of Frankish origin who figured among the main feudal lords of Abruzzo, part of the Duchy of Spoleto in southern Italy, during the eleventh and twelfth centuries.
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Castello Piccolomini is a castle in Celano, Province of L'Aquila (Abruzzo).
Castello di Ocre is a medieval castle in Ocre, Province of L'Aquila, Abruzzo, southern Italy.
Castello di Oricola is a medieval castle in Oricola, Province of L'Aquila (Abruzzo).
Castello di Ortona dei Marsi is a Middle Ages castle in Ortona dei Marsi, Province of L'Aquila (Abruzzo).
Castello di Salle is a Middle Ages castle in Salle, Province of Pescara, Abruzzo, Italy.
Museo d'Arte Sacra della Marsica is a museum of religious art in Celano, Province of L'Aquila (Abruzzo).
The War of L'Aquila was a conflict in 15th-century Italy. It started in 1423 as a personal conflict against the condottiero Braccio da Montone and the city of L'Aquila in Abruzzo, but later turned into a national conflict when the forces of the Duchy of Milan, the Republic of Florence, the Papal States, and the Kingdom of Naples were also involved. Braccio da Montone was killed in the final battle near L'Aquila.
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42°07′37″N13°41′56″E / 42.1270°N 13.6990°E
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