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W+
,
W−
, and
Z0
. The
W±
bosons have either a positive or negative electric charge of 1 elementary charge and are each other's antiparticles. The
Z0
boson is electrically neutral and is its own antiparticle. The three particles each have a spin of 1. The
W±
bosons have a magnetic moment, but the
Z0
has none. All three of these particles are very short-lived, with a half-life of about 3×10−25 s. Their experimental discovery was pivotal in establishing what is now called the Standard Model of particle physics.
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References
- ↑ "Personal page at the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics". Archived from the original on 2014-09-12. Retrieved 2014-08-28.
- 1 2 Personal page at Academia Europaea, Graz Information Centre
- ↑ Jarlskog, C. (1985). "Commutator of the Quark Mass Matrices in the Standard Electroweak Model and a Measure of MaximalCPNonconservation". Physical Review Letters. 55 (10): 1039–1042. Bibcode:1985PhRvL..55.1039J. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.55.1039. PMID 10031712.
- ↑ Georgi, Howard; Jarlskog, C. (1979). "A new lepton-quark mass relation in a unified theory". Physics Letters B. 86 (3–4): 297–300. Bibcode:1979PhLB...86..297G. doi:10.1016/0370-2693(79)90842-6.
- ↑ Doctor in Scientiis, Trinity College Dublin
- ↑ Rodriguez-Jauregui, E. (2001). "Implications of maximal Jarlskog invariant and maximal CP violation". arXiv: hep-ph/0104092 .
- ↑ Han, Tao (2010). The dawn of the LHC era: TASI 2008: proceedings of the 2008 Theoretical Advanced Study Institute in Elementary Particle Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA, 2-27 June 2008. Singapore: World Scientific. p. 96. ISBN 9789812838353.
- ↑ Beyer, Michael, ed. (2006). CP Violation in Particle, Nuclear and Astrophysics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. p. 49. ISBN 9783540478959.
- ↑ Branco, Gustavo Castelo; Lavoura, Luis; Silva, Joao Paulo (1999). CP Violation. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198503996.
- ↑ "Speaker page of the 2011 Conference, Jyväskylä, Finland". Archived from the original on 2014-10-31. Retrieved 2014-10-31.
- ↑ Jarlskog, Cecilia (27 October 2014). "Viewpoint: Theory at CERN turns 62". CERN Courier.
- ↑ "Cecilia Jarlskog | Vrije Universiteit Brussel". Archived from the original on 2014-11-10. Retrieved 2014-10-31.
- ↑ "Credits and References for the 1999 Physics Nobel Poster". The Nobel Prize. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
- ↑ "EPS announces 2023 awards". CERN Courier. 20 June 2023.
- ↑ Jarlskog, Cecilia (2014). Portrait of Gunnar Källén: a physics shooting star and poet of early quantum field theory. Cham: Imprint: Springer. ISBN 978-3319006260.
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