Santa Cruz Province is a province of Argentina, located in the southern part of the country, in Patagonia. It borders Chubut Province to the north, and Chile to the west and south, with the Atlantic coast to the east. Santa Cruz is the second-largest province of the country, and the least densely populated in mainland Argentina.
Cerro Torre is one of the mountains of the Southern Patagonian Ice Field in South America. It is located on the border dividing Argentina and Chile, west of Fitz Roy. At 3,128 m (10,262 ft), the peak is the highest of a four mountain chain: the other peaks are Torre Egger, Punta Herron, and Cerro Standhardt. The top of the mountain often has a mushroom of rime ice, formed by the constant strong winds, increasing the difficulty of reaching the actual summit.
Monte Fitz Roy is a mountain in Patagonia, on the border between Argentina and Chile. It is located in the Southern Patagonian Ice Field, near El Chaltén village and Viedma Lake. It was first climbed in 1952 by French alpinists Lionel Terray and Guido Magnone.
Diego Jacinto Agustín Barros Arana was a Chilean professor, legislator, minister and diplomat. He is considered the most important Chilean historian of the 19th century. His main work General History of Chile is a 15-volume work that spanned over 300 years of the nation's history.
The Southern Patagonian Ice Field, located at the Southern Patagonic Andes between Chile and Argentina, is the world's second largest contiguous extrapolar ice field. It is the bigger of two remnant parts of the Patagonian Ice Sheet, which covered all of southern Chile during the last glacial period, locally called the Llanquihue glaciation.
International relations between the Republic of Chile and the Argentine Republic have existed for decades. The border between the two countries is the world's third-longest international border, which is 5,300 km (3,300 mi) long and runs from north to south along the Andes mountains. Although both countries gained their independence during the South American wars of liberation, during much of the 19th and the 20th century, relations between the countries were tense as a result of disputes over the border in Patagonia. Despite this, Chile and Argentina have never been engaged in a war with each other. In recent years, relations have improved. Argentina and Chile have followed quite different economic policies. Chile has signed free trade agreements with countries such as China, the United States, Canada, South Korea, as well as European Union, and it's a member of the APEC. Argentina belongs to the Mercosur regional free trade area. In April 2018, both countries suspended their membership from the UNASUR.
Dickson Lake is a glacier lake in southern Patagonia located in the Southern Patagonian Ice Field, which since 1998 has been transformed into an international lake as it is crossed by the international boundary between Argentina and Chile due to the retreat of the Dickson glacier. Until that year, Dickson Lake was entirely within Chilean territory, at the northern end of the Torres del Paine National Park in the Magallanes y la Antártica Chilena Region, but it was unified with a lake that began to form in the 1980s by defrosting the melting of the Dickson, Cubo and Frías glaciers. That lake was on the Argentine side when the Agreement was signed to specify the route of the limit from Mount Fitz Roy to the Daudet Hill of 1998, in a sector adjacent to the Los Glaciares National Park, but without being part of it. The lake is fed by the glacier that shares its name and is drained by the Paine River. It receives the waters of Los Perros River, which starts at a proglacial lake that was formed during the retreat of Los Perros Glacier.
Guerra a muerte is a term coined by Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna and used in Chilean historiography to describe the irregular, no-quarter warfare that broke out in 1819 during the Chilean War of Independence.
The Boundary Treaty of 1881 between Argentina and Chile was signed on 23 July 1881 in Buenos Aires by Bernardo de Irigoyen, for Argentina, and Francisco de Borja Echeverría, for Chile, with the aim of establishing a precise border between the two countries based on the uti possidetis juris principle. Despite dividing largely unexplored lands, the treaty laid the groundwork for nearly all of Chile's and Argentina's 5600 km current border.
The 1902 Arbitral award of the Andes between Argentina and Chile was a British arbitration in 1902 that established the present-day boundaries between Argentina and Chile. In northern and central Patagonia, the borders were established between the latitudes of 40° and 52° S as an interpretation of the Boundary treaty of 1881 between Chile and Argentina.
Miguel Luis Amunátegui Aldunate was a Chilean historian, politician, and writer. He was the brother of fellow historian Gregorio Víctor Amunátegui Aldunate.
The Circo de los Altares is a cirque glacier of the Patagonian Andes, located in the Southern Patagonian Ice Field, where Mount Torre and Mount Fitz Roy can be seen from its western sides. It is located within the Area in dispute between Chile and Argentina with the border being defined in the northern area of the site.
The Southern Patagonian ice field dispute is a border dispute between Argentina and Chile over the delineation of the boundary line between the two countries on the Southern Patagonian Ice Field, a large expanse of glaciers located in the Patagonian Andes, which is the largest non-polar continental ice field with land access. It is called continental ice in Argentina and southern ice field in Chile, to differentiate it from the northern ice field. As of 2024, the Argentine–Chilean border in this sector is still pending of definition according to the 1998 agreement signed by both countries. The original border was defined 100 years prior on 1 October 1898 by experts from both countries.
Cerro Agassiz or formerly Cerro Bertrand is a mountain in the Andes, located on the border between Argentina and Chile, in the Patagonia region. It stands at an elevation of 3,177 meters.
The Cerro Roma, Cerro Vivod, Cerro Bertrand, or Agassiz Norte is a mountain in the Andes, located on the border between Argentina and Chile, in the Patagonia region. The mountain reaches 3,180 m a.s.l. and is located near the westernmost point of Argentina, as defined by the 1998 agreement.
The Cerro Huemul is a glaciated mountain in the Andes located on the eastern edge of the Southern Patagonian Ice Field, west of Lake Viedma and north of the Viedma Glacier within the disputed area between Chile and Argentina.
Cerro Heim is a mountain in the Southern Patagonian Ice Field. It is located in Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, and is part of Los Glaciares National Park. Prior to the 1998 agreement between Argentina and Chile, this hill was considered a border landmark by Chile and was established as a landmark by the surveyors of both countries in the 1898 protocol. It stands at an altitude of 2,465 m (8,087 ft).
The Cerro Cervantes is a mountain in the Southern Patagonian Ice Field with an elevation of 2,380 meters above sea level or 680 meters above the surrounding terrain. Its foothills are about 5.6 kilometers wide. It is located in Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, and is part of Los Glaciares National Park. Before the 1998 agreement between Argentina and Chile, this mountain was considered a border landmark by Chile.
Cerro Mayo or de Mayo is a mountain located in the Southern Patagonian Ice Field, in Santa Cruz Province, Argentina. It is part of Los Glaciares National Park.
The Alto Palena-Encuentro River border dispute was a territorial dispute between the Argentine Republic and the Republic of Chile over the demarcation of the boundary between landmarks XVI and XVII of their common border in the valleys located north of General Vintter/Palena Lake, and was resolved on November 24, 1966, by the arbitral ruling of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom.
Argentina and 
Chile in the Southern Patagonian Ice Field.