The Party of Functional Groups, often known by its abbreviation Golkar, is a centre-right big tent political party in Indonesia. It was founded as the Joint Secretariat of Functional Groups in 1964, and participated for the first time in national elections in 1971 as Functional Groups. Since 2009, it has been the second-largest party in the House of Representatives (DPR), having secured 102 seats in the last election. It is led by Airlangga Hartarto.
The United Development Party is an Islam-based political party in Indonesia.
Muhammad Amien Rais is an Indonesian politician. He was one of the leaders of the reform movement that forced the resignation of President Suharto in 1998. Amien Rais was the leader of Muhammadiyah, one of the two biggest Muslim organizations in Indonesia, from 1995 to 2000. He was the Chairman of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) from 1999 to 2004. During his chairmanship, the MPR passed a series of amendments to the Constitution of Indonesia. These amendments, among other things, established direct presidential elections, a presidential term limit, and the Constitutional Court.
The Justice and Unity Party formerly known as Indonesian Justice and Unity Party is a political party in Indonesia.
The Indonesian National Populist Fortress Party was a political party in Indonesia. The founder, Eros Djarot was dissatisfied with the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle, which refused to allow him to stand as chairman against Megawati Sukarnoputri at the party conference in 2000. Eros then formed the Bung Karno National Party, named after Indonesia's first president Sukarno. However, as the law did not allow the use of national figures in party names, this was changed to the Freedom Bull National Party.
The Democratic Nationhood Party was a political party in Indonesia. It was established in 2002 as the United Democratic Nationhood Party by a group of intellectuals including Ryaas Rasyid and Andi Mallarangeng, formerly president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono's spokesman, who were disatissfied with the progress of the reform movement following the Fall of Suharto.
The Pioneers' Party was a political party in Indonesia. It was founded in 2002 and was initially led by Rachmawati Sukarnoputri, a daughter of Indonesia's first president, Sukarno, and sister of former Indonesian president Megawati Sukarnoputri. It contested the 2009 election, but received only 0.3 percent of the vote, well below the threshold of 2.5% of the political votes, and was awarded no seats in the People's Representative Council. Following its poor result in the 2009 election, the party joined nine other smaller parties to form the National Unity Party.
The Democratic Renewal Party was a political party in Indonesia. It was established in 2005 by former members of the Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle (PDI-P) who were once close aides of party leader Megawati Sukarnoputri. Following the 2005 PDI-P congress, differences appeared over the nature of democratic methods within the party. A group of people, including Petrus Selestinus, took the view that although the PDI-P was a modern political party, it still used the old authoritarian methods such as giving absolute prerogative rights to the party chairman and having only one candidate for senior positions. This group then established the Democratic Renewal Party. Unlike the PDI-P, it had a system of collective leadership, with 35 people forming the national leadership.
The Indonesian Youth Party was a political party in Indonesia. It contested the 2009 elections with a platform of motivating young people to participate in national development. The party won only 0.4 percent of the vote, less than the 2.5 percent electoral threshold, meaning it was awarded no seats in the People's Representative Council. Following its poor result in the 2009 vote, the party joined nine other smaller parties to form the National Unity Party. The party also attempted to contest the 2014 elections, but failed to fulfill the criteria set by the General Elections Commission, and along with nine other parties who also failed to qualify, decided to merge into the People's Conscience Party (Hanura).
The Regional Unity Party was a political party in Indonesia. The party was founded as a result of the reforms to the People's Consultative Assembly, Indonesia's supreme law-making body which used to consist of the elected People's Representative Council plus members appointed from the regions and functional groups. When these unelected members were removed in 1999 after the first democratic elections following the fall of Suharto, several regional representatives' led by Oesman Sapta, tried to reestablish the Regional Representatives Faction. The members of this faction took the view that the elected Regional Representatives Council, which replaced the unelected members of the People's Consultative Assembly, would not be effective as it was too small. They therefore decided to establish a political party to represent the interests of the regions.
The Socialist Party was socialist political party in Indonesia which existed from 1945 to 1948. The party was founded as a merger between the Socialist People's Party (Paras) of Prime Minister Sutan Sjahrir and Socialist Party of Indonesia (Parsi) of Defence Minister Amir Sjarifuddin. Sjahrir became chairman of the unified party, whilst Sjarifuddin became vice-chairman.
Catholic Party was a political party for Indonesia's Catholics from colonial times to the 1970s. In 1967 members were involved in debates concerning religious freedom in the New Order and the influence of missionaries on the nation. In the following decade it merged with other parties to form the Indonesian Democratic Party, which has since been renamed the Indonesian Democratic Vanguard Party.
Legislative elections were held in Indonesia on 9 April 2014 to elect 136 members of the Regional Representative Council (DPD), 560 members of the People's Representative Council (DPR) and members of regional assemblies at the provincial and regency/municipality level. For eligible voters residing outside Indonesia, elections were held on 5 or 6 April 2014 based on the decision of the electoral commission of each different countries. The 2014 Lampung gubernatorial election was held concurrently.
Oesman Sapta Odang is an Indonesian politician of the People's Conscience Party (Hanura), who served as the speaker of the Regional Representative Council and deputy speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly between 2014 and 2019. He had also served in the latter position between 2002 and 2004.
In the context of Muslim society in Indonesia, traditionalism or traditionalist Islam refers to a religious strand which puts emphasis on preserving traditionally established local rituals and scholarship. Traditionalist Muslims refer to themselves as ahlussunnah wal-jamā'ah or aswaja. Traditionalism is often contrasted with modernism, which is inspired by modernity and rationalism. Traditionalism has been the most adhered Muslim religious orientation in the history of contemporary Muslim Indonesia. The extent of traditionalism widely overlaps with the influence of a socio-religious organization Nahdlatul Ulama, the biggest Muslim organization in Indonesia. Traditionalism is also a critical element within the Muslim intellectual movement known as Islam Nusantara.
Jailani "John" Naro, also known as Haji Naro or John Naro was a former prosecutor that became an Indonesian politician.
Union of Islamic Education, also known as PERTI, is a Shafii-Ash'ari Islamic organization in Indonesia. The organization was founded by Sulaiman ar-Rasuli on May 5, 1928 in Candung, West Sumatra. In its development, PERTI had become a political party and gained four People's Representative Council (DPR-RI) seats and seven Constituent seats in 1955 general election.
Soeparto Tjitrodihardjo was an Indonesian politician and bureaucrat. He was the Vice Governor of Central Java for development from 1985 until 1990 and the Speaker of Central Java Regional People's Representative Council from 1992 until 1997. He is commonly known as Pak Parto.
