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The history of Malawi covers the area of present-day Malawi. The region was once part of the Maravi Empire. In colonial times,the territory was ruled by the British,under whose control it was known first as British Central Africa and later Nyasaland. It becomes part of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland. The country achieved full independence,as Malawi,in 1964. After independence,Malawi was ruled as a one-party state under Hastings Banda until 1994.
Politics of Malawi takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic,whereby the President of Malawi is both head of state and head of government,and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Assembly. There is a cabinet of Malawi that is appointed by the President of Malawi. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.
Hastings Kamuzu Banda was the leader of Malawi from 1964 to 1994. He served as Prime Minister from independence in 1964 to 1966,when Malawi was a Dominion/Commonwealth realm. In 1966,the country became a republic and he became the first president as a result,ruling until his defeat in 1994.
Elson Bakili Muluzi is a Malawian politician who was President of Malawi from 1994 to 2004. He was also chairman of the United Democratic Front (UDF) until 2009. He succeeded Hastings Kamuzu Banda as Malawi's president. He also served in Banda's cabinet as minister without portfolio,before retiring in 1980.
Brown James Mpinganjira,popularly known as BJ is a Malawian Politician who used his 1986 detention to fight the injustices of the then one party state. He worked with others in prison and used their time to devise ways on how to change the direction of Malawi's political state.
The Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) is a political party in Malawi. The party was formed in February 2005 by Malawian President Bingu wa Mutharika after a dispute with the United Democratic Front (UDF),which was led by his predecessor,Bakili Muluzi.
John Zenus Ungapake Tembo was a Malawian politician who served for years as President of the Malawi Congress Party (MCP). Tembo comes from the Dedza District in central Malawi,and he was a teacher by profession. Beginning in the 1960s he was an important politician in Malawi,and he was a key figure in the regime of Hastings Banda (1964–1994). He has been variously described as "physically slight,ascetic,fastidious" and "cunning". He was replaced as President of the MCP in August 2013.
Gwandaguluwe "Gwanda" Chakuamba Phiri was a Malawian politician who was the leader of the New Republican Party (NRP). He hailed from Nsanje,a district on the southern part of Malawi. Gwanda Chakuamba attended Zomba Catholic Secondary School,a 2 year metriculation at Sulosi College in Bulawayo Zimbabwe before proceeding to the US to study law though not much is known about whether he did a degree program or a short course.
Rodwell Thomas Changara Munyenyembe was a Malawian politician who served twice as Speaker of the National Assembly,from 1994 to 1999 and again from 2004 until his death. He also twice served as a cabinet minister,in the governments of Hastings Banda and Bakili Muluzi. He worked as a teacher prior to entering politics.
Cassim Chilumpha is a Malawian politician who was Vice-President of Malawi from June 2004 to May 2009. Later,under President Joyce Banda,he was appointed Minister of Energy and Mining in April 2012.
Chakufwa Chihana was a Malawian human rights activist,pro-democracy advocate,trade unionist and later,politician. He held the post of Second Vice President in Malawi,under President Bakili Muluzi. He is often called the 'father of Malawian democracy'. He served as leader of Malawi's first underground political movement,which urged President Hastings Kamuzu Banda,who had ruled for three decades,to call for a referendum on political pluralism. He was awarded the Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights Award in 1992.
Justin Chimera Malewezi was a Malawian politician and a Member of Parliament for Ntchisi North in the Central Region of Malawi. He was Vice-President of Malawi from 1994 to 2004. Malewezi quit the United Democratic Front in 2004 and eventually represented the People's Progressive Movement in the 2004 general election,in which he garnered 2.5% of the total national vote.
General elections were held in Malawi on 19 May 2009. Incumbent President Bingu wa Mutharika ran for re-election;his main opponent was John Tembo,the president of the Malawi Congress Party (MCP). Five other candidates also ran. The election was won by Mutharika,who was re-elected to the Presidency with around two-thirds of the vote. Mutharika's DPP also won a strong parliamentary majority.
Goodall Edward Gondwe was a Malawian economist who served in his country's cabinet as Minister of Finance on two occasions:from 2004 to 2009,and from 2014 to 2019. He also served as Minister of Local Government from 2009 to 2010 and Minister of Natural Resources,Energy and Environment Affairs from 2011 to 2012.
General elections were held in Malawi on 17 May 1994 to elect the President and National Assembly. They were the first multi-party elections in the country since prior to independence in 1964,and the first since the restoration of multi-party democracy the previous year. The Malawi Congress Party (MCP),which had governed the country since independence,was decisively beaten by the United Democratic Front (UDF).
Harry Thomson,also known as "Clean Harry",was a Malawian politician. He was born in Zomba,the capital of Nyasaland. He was a founding member of the United Democratic Front party (UDF) and a Minister of Trade and Industry.
Sam Mpasu was a Malawian politician,author,and former diplomat. He served as Minister of Commerce,Secretary General of the United Democratic Front (UDF) in 1999,and speaker of the Malawi National Assembly.
Friday Anderson Jumbe is a Malawian economist and politician who served in the government of Malawi as Minister of Finance and Economic Planning under President Bakili Muluzi,representing the United Democratic Front.
The political history of Malawi spans over a century. Malawi,then Nyasaland,effectively became a one-party state in August 1961,when the country held its first general elections,and the Malawi Congress Party (MCP) led by Hastings Kamuzu Banda became the dominant force. This status was formalized in 1966 when the constitution declared the MCP the sole legitimate political party. However,in 1993,the constitution was amended to introduce a multiparty system,paving the way for the emergence of new political parties. The United Democratic Front (UDF) quickly rose to prominence,and since then,other parties have also gained ground. The constitution guarantees all citizens aged 18 and above the right to participate in the political process,including the right to run for public office. Women and minority groups have made significant strides in Malawian politics,holding various positions in the National Assembly,cabinet,and judiciary,and contributing to the country's political landscape.
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Malawi: fear of ill-treatment / legal concern: Chakakala Chaziya, Khoswe, Johnson and a driver". Amnesty International. Retrieved 2024-04-05.
- ↑ "Malawi: Further information: Fear of ill-treatment / legal concern: Chakakala Chaziya, Khoswe, Johnson and a driver". Amnesty International. Retrieved 2024-04-05.
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