Christopher Rokeby, Rokesby, Rooksby, or Rooksbie (died 1584) was an English soldier and secret agent.
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Christopher Rokeby, Rokesby, Rooksby, or Rooksbie (died 1584) was an English soldier and secret agent.
Rokeby's family home was Mortham Tower at Rokeby in County Durham. [1] He was a son of Thomas Rokeby (died 1567) and his wife Jane, a daughter of Robert Constable of Cliffe. [2] His younger brother was the lawyer and Master of Requests Ralph Rokeby. Christopher Rokeby married Margaret Lascelles, a daughter of Sir Roger Lascelles of Brackenburgh. [3] His brother-in-law, Christopher Lascelles, was a Roman Catholic and a supporter of the right of Mary, Queen of Scots to the throne of England. [4]
In November 1552 Edward VI appointed Christopher Rokeby as Marshal of Berwick as a replacement for Thomas Gower. [5]
In 1566 William Cecil sent Rokeby into Scotland to gain the confidence of Mary, Queen of Scots and Lord Darnley. [6] On the way he visited Lascelles at Sowerby. [7] His mission was to learn the names of Mary's friends in England. Rokeby tried to get employment in the service of Lord Darnley. Mary's secretary, Claude Nau, wrote that "Ruxby" gave Mary an ivory locket depicting the crucifixion. [8]
On 2 July, Rokeby made contact with an English diplomat in Edinburgh, Henry Killigrew, who had been sent to congratulate Mary on the birth of her son. [9] Killigrew complained about Rokeby's presence in Edinburgh. [10] Sir Robert Melville, the Scottish ambassador in London, had guessed that Rokeby was an imposter and Cecil's agent. [11] Rokeby's mission was revealed, and he was arrested by Captain Lauder on 3 July. His companions, Thomas Wright and John Turner, were released, but Rokeby was imprisoned at Spynie Palace for 20 months. [12]
Wright returned to England and explained to officials at Berwick-upon-Tweed that he and Turner had spoken to Lord Darnley while he was riding between Leith and Edinburgh, and they knew the Standen brothers who served Darnley. [13] Among Rokeby's papers were letters from Cecil, including, according to Claude Nau, a gift of £100 yearly. [14]
Mary wrote to William Cecil in October. The "strange dealinges of ane Inglisman namyt Rewkisby" had shaken her good opinion of him. However, her trust was restored by the reports of Sir Robert Melville and she invited Cecil to attend and assist at the baptism of her son. Cecil did not attend. [15]
After his release, Rokeby wrote to Cecil describing his meetings with Mary, Queen of Scots in Edinburgh Castle in May 1566. On his second day in Edinburgh, Mary, who was heavily pregnant, invited him to come at night to Edinburgh Castle. She met him in a "little closet", perhaps the room where James VI was born. Mary asked him for news about the court in London. She entrusted him to the care of James Melville. The next night Rokeby was brought to the closet again. Mary sat on a little coffer without a cushion, and Rokeby knelt beside her. She talked of her hopes for the English succession and her Catholic allies in the northern counties of England. She recommended that he speak with her close confidante, the Earl of Bothwell. [16]
Rokeby's father died while he was still a prisoner at Spynie. According to his younger brother Anthony Rokeby, after the murder of Lord Darnley, his captors coerced him to agree to assassinate Bothwell. In July 1567, when Mary was captive at Lochleven, the English diplomat Nicholas Throckmorton advised Anthony Rokeby to go to Stirling Castle and discuss the matter with William Maitland of Lethington and the associated lords. Throckmorton felt that Elizabeth I would not condone such a plan, especially as the wider conspiracy involved the murder of the elderly Patrick Hepburn, Bishop of Moray. [17]
Rokeby is said to have led troops against the rebels during the Rising of the North. [18] Christopher Neville, an uncle of Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland, tried to attack and kill Rokeby at a horse race, but he was defended by family followers who rallied to the cry "A Rokeby, A Rokeby". [19]
A family history records that Christopher Rokeby received a pension of £100 from Queen Elizabeth for his services in Scotland, and that his servant John Turner was nearly hanged, although the author did not know what service he had done. [20]
Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley was King of Scotland as the second husband of Mary, Queen of Scots, from 29 July 1565 until his murder in 1567. Lord Darnley had one child with Mary, the future James VI of Scotland and I of England. Through his parents, he had claims to both the Scottish and English thrones. Less than a year after the birth of his son, Darnley was murdered at Kirk o' Field in 1567. Many contemporary narratives describing his life and death refer to him as simply Lord Darnley, his title as heir apparent to the Earldom of Lennox.
David Rizzio or Riccio was an Italian courtier, born in Pancalieri close to Turin, a descendant of an ancient and noble family still living in Piedmont, the Riccio Counts di San Paolo e Solbrito, who rose to become the private secretary of Mary, Queen of Scots. Mary's husband, Lord Darnley, is said to have been jealous of their friendship because of rumours that Rizzio had impregnated Mary, and he joined in a conspiracy of Protestant nobles to murder him, led by Patrick Ruthven, 3rd Lord Ruthven. Mary was having dinner with Rizzio and a few ladies-in-waiting when Darnley joined them, accused his wife of adultery and then had a group murder Rizzio, who was hiding behind Mary. Mary was held at gunpoint and Rizzio was stabbed numerous times. His body took 57 dagger wounds. The murder was the catalyst of the downfall of Darnley, and had serious consequences for Mary's subsequent reign.
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George Gordon, 5th Earl of Huntly, was Lord Chancellor of Scotland and major conspirator of his time.
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