Clementina Carneiro de Moura | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | Maria Clementina Vilas Boas Carneiro de Moura 25 September 1898 |
| Died | 18 July 1992 (aged 93) Lisbon |
| Nationality | Portuguese |
| Known for | Painting; study of traditional arts |
| Style | Modernist |
Clementina Carneiro de Moura (1898-1992) was a Portuguese teacher, modernist painter and promoter of traditional arts.
Maria Clementina Vilas Boas Carneiro de Moura was born in Lisbon, Portugal on 25 September 1898, the daughter of João Lopes Carneiro de Moura and Elvira Vilas Boas. She completed a painting course at the Lisbon School of Fine Arts in 1920, where she was a student of the Portuguese realist painter Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro and colleague of the modernist painter Sarah Affonso. That same year she visited Paris, where she first met the Portuguese painter and cartoonist Abel Manta, who she would marry in 1927. Their son, João Abel Manta, would become particularly famous as a cartoonist during the dying days of the authoritarian Estado Novo regime. [1] [2]
Carneiro de Moura spent a large part of her life as a secondary-school teacher, while also practicing her art and, from 1920, taking part in numerous exhibitions, particularly those of the SNBA, the Sociedade Nacional de Belas Artes (National Society of Fine Arts). In 1940 she worked on the decoration of the Orient Pavilion at the Portuguese World Exhibition (Exposição do Mundo Português), held in Belém on the River Tagus near Lisbon. This was staged to commemorate the foundation of the nation in 1140 and the regaining of its independence from Spain in 1640 but was also an opportunity to promote the ideology of the Estado Novo. [3] At the same time, the SNBA exhibitions brought together avant-garde painters, where the neorealist tendency condemned by the Salazarist Estado Novo dominated. [1] [2]
In 1947 she travelled throughout the country, investigating Portuguese decorative arts, namely the production of quilts, embroidery and traditional lace. Several publications resulted from this research. She became a world export on embroidery, particularly for quilts or bedspreads, and also travelled outside Portugal to research the topic. Her interest in Portuguese crafts was part of a movement among artists in Europe and elsewhere to preserve and renew traditional techniques, promoted by artists such as Sonia Delaunay and Sophie Taeuber-Arp. Although some of her research was published by the Estado Novo's Mocidade Portuguesa Feminina (MPF - Female Youth Movement), she and her family remained constant opponents of the dictatorship. She belonged to the Associação Feminina Portuguesa para a Paz (Portuguese Women's Peace Association - AFPP) in the 1940s and 1950s and to the Conselho Nacional das Mulheres Portuguesas (CNMP - National Council of Portuguese Women), which was closed down by the Estado Novo in 1947. Before its closure the CNMP, under the guidance of Maria Lamas, organised an exhibition of three thousand books by 1400 women authors from thirty countries, which filled the Great Hall of Fine Arts at the University of Lisbon. Together with two others, Carneiro de Moura made portraits of more than one hundred famous women, which covered the walls of the SNBA hall. She was the first woman to hold a management position at the SNBA, from 1950 to 1954. [1]
After the Carnation Revolution on 25 April 1975 she joined the MDM, the Movimento Democrático de Mulheres (Women’s Democratic Movement), and regularly participated in the life of the Movement, helping to organize exhibitions at the MDM's headquarters, including her only solo painting exhibition in 1989. [1]
Clementina Carneiro de Moura died on 18 July 1992 in Lisbon. Her work is represented in public and private collections, including the Centro de Arte Moderna of the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation in Lisbon. In 2013 the Cascais Cultural Centre held an exhibition of her work together with that of her husband, son (João Abel Manta) and granddaughter (Isabel Manta). [2]
Abel Manta was an architect, painter, designer, and Portuguese cartoonist.
João Abel Manta is a Portuguese architect, painter, illustrator and cartoonist.
The Conselho Nacional das Mulheres Portuguesas was a feminist organization founded in 1914.
Virgínia Moura (1915-1998) was a Portuguese anti-government activist and feminist, opposed to the authoritarian regime known as the Estado Novo. As a member of the Communist Party, she was arrested on 16 occasions for her activities. She was the second Portuguese woman to qualify as a civil engineer.
Maria Lamas was a Portuguese writer, translator, journalist, and feminist political activist.
Alma feminina was the official bulletin of Portugal’s Conselho Nacional das Mulheres Portuguesas (CNMP) from January 1917 to 1946.
Elina Guimarães (1904-1991) was a writer and feminist leader in Portugal during the middle of the 20th century.
Maria Clara Correia Alves was a Portuguese feminist. She was one of the founders of the National Council of Portuguese Women in 1914 and both the Secretary-General of the Council and the editor of its newsletter from 1914 to 1920.
Helena Neves was an active Portuguese communist and feminist and an opponent of the Estado Novo regime in Portugal, being imprisoned on three occasions. She became a successful journalist and was a deputy in the Portuguese parliament, the Assembly of the Republic, in 2001–02. She was also a professor on gender and the women's movement at the Universidade Lusófona in Lisbon.
Helena Pato was a mathematics teacher, a communist opponent of Portugal's Estado Novo regime and a union leader. She was one of the founders of the Women's Democratic Movement in opposition to the Estado Novo and was held as a political prisoner for 6 months. She has authored three books on her experiences at that time and has also written books on education.
Manuela Porto was a Portuguese actor, writer, journalist, theatre critic, and translator, as well as a leading campaigner for women's rights and an opponent of the Estado Novo dictatorship in Portugal. As a translator she introduced previously untranslated women writers to Portuguese readers, including Louisa May Alcott, Anne Bronte, Elizabeth Gaskell, and Virginia Woolf. She is also credited with popularising the work of the Portuguese poet, Fernando Pessoa.
The Associação Feminina Portuguesa para a Paz was a female pacifist association created in 1935 and dissolved by the Esdado Novo dictatorship in 1952. It had active groups in Lisbon, Coimbra and Porto. Although declaring itself apolitical, many of its members were anti-fascists opposed to the Estado Novo. Its activities involved providing support to prisoners of war, and it organized lectures, exhibitions, and other events as a way to disseminate the principles of World Peace. In the last decade of its existence, it became increasingly opposed to the Government, in response to increased repression. The Association published an occasional Bulletin and had a children's choir, directed by Francine Benoît.
Francine Benoît was a musician, teacher, composer, conductor, and music critic. She played an active role in Portuguese feminist organizations and was an opponent of the Estado Novo dictatorship, which ruled between 1933 and 1974. Born in France, she lived most of her life in Portugal and became a naturalised Portuguese citizen in 1929.
Abigail de Paiva Cruz was a Portuguese naturalist painter, sculptor, lace maker and feminist activist.
Maria Alda Nogueira (1923–1988) was a communist and feminist activist who opposed Portugal's Estado Novo regime and spent nine years as a political prisoner. After the overthrow of the Estado Novo she became a parliamentary deputy, serving in the National Assembly for a decade.
The Movimento Democrático de Mulheres is a Portuguese non-governmental women's association. It was created in 1968 by groups opposed to the Estado Novo regime and continued after the overthrow of the regime in 1974.
Maria da Graça Amado da Cunha (1919–2001) was a Portuguese classical pianist, best known for interpreting the works of the Portuguese composer Fernando Lopes-Graça. She was a feminist and an opponent of the right-wing Estado Novo regime that governed Portugal between 1933 and 1974.
Luísa Basto is a Portuguese singer, best known for her recordings of the anthem of the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP), Avante Camarada, and of É Para Ti Mulher Esta Canção, anthem of the Portuguese Movimento Democrático de Mulheres
Beatriz Arnut, was a Portuguese writer, poet, civil servant and defender of women's rights.
Etelvina Lopes de Almeida (1916–2004) was a Portuguese writer, journalist, broadcaster and a deputy for the Portuguese Socialist Party (PS) in the Assembly of the Republic.
