It has been suggested that this article be merged with Austro-Hungarian krone . (Discuss) Proposed since November 2019. |
Austro-Hungarian krone coins were minted with a different design (but the same technical parameters) in Austria and Hungary.
The Austrian coins were minted in Vienna. Denominated coins for Austria: 1, 2, 10 and 20 Heller; 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 100 Corona (the Latin form of the name was used on coins). The Austrian 100 corona is still being minted, with a 1915 mint mark to enable Austrians to take advantage of a grandfather clause in the law regarding private ownership of gold bullion. It is a popular gold bullion coin similar to the Krugerrand.
This section needs additional citations for verification . (October 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) |
The Hungarian coins were minted in the famous mint of Körmöcbánya (now Kremnica, Slovakia). Denominated coins for Hungary: 1, 2, 10 and 20 fillér; 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 100 korona.
Korona-fillér coins – Regular issues | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Image | Value | Technical parameters | Description | Date of first minting | ||||||
Obverse | Reverse | Diameter | Thickness | Mass | Composition | Edge | Obverse | Reverse | ||
1 f | 17 mm | 1.1 mm | 1.67 g | Bronze 95% copper 4% tin 4% zinc | Smooth | "MAGYAR KIRÁLYI VÁLTÓPÉNZ" 1 , Holy Crown of Hungary, year of minting | Value, mintmark | 1892 | ||
2 f | 19 mm | 1.5 mm | 3.33 g | |||||||
2 f | 17.3 mm | 1.7 mm | 2.78 g | Iron | Smooth | "MAGYAR KIRÁLYI VÁLTÓPÉNZ", Holy Crown of Hungary, year of mining | Value, mintmark | 1916 | ||
10 f | 19.0 mm | 1.4 mm | 3.0 g | Nickel | Serrated | 1892 | ||||
10 f | Alpacca 50% copper 40% zinc 10% nickel | 1914 | ||||||||
10 f | 1.5 mm | Iron | 1916 (1915) | |||||||
20 f | 21.0 mm | 1.6 mm | 4.0 g | Nickel | 1892 | |||||
20 f | 1.5 mm | 3.33 g | Iron | Smooth | 1916 | |||||
1 K | 23.0 mm | 5.0 g | 835‰ silver | "BIZALMAM AZ ŐSI ERÉNYBEN" 2 , ornament | "FERENCZ JÓZSEF I.K.A.CS. ÉS M.H.S.D.O.AP.KIR." 3 , I. Ferenc József, mintmark | Holy Crown of Hungary, value | 1892 | |||
1 K | "FERENCZ JÓZSEF I.K.A.CS. ÉS M.H.S.D.O.AP.KIR.", I. Ferenc József (older), mintmark | 1912 | ||||||||
2 K | 27.0 mm | 2.0 mm | 10.0 g | "FERENCZ JÓZSEF I.K.A.CS. ÉS M.H.S.D.O.AP.KIR.", I. Ferenc József, mintmark | ||||||
5 K | 36.0 mm | 2.6 mm | 24.0 g | 900‰ silver | 1900 | |||||
10 K | 19.0 mm | 0.9 mm | 3.39 g | 900‰ gold | ornament | "FERENCZ JÓZSEF I.K.A.CS. ÉS M.H.S.D.O.AP.KIR.", standing I. Ferenc József | Middle Coat of Arms with angels, value, mintmark | 1892 | ||
20 K | 21.0 mm | 1.4 mm | 6.78 g | "BIZALMAM AZ ŐSI ERÉNYBEN", ornament | ||||||
20 K | Middle Coat of Arms (including Bosnia) with angels, value, mintmark | 1914 | ||||||||
20 K | "HARCBAN ÉS BÉKÉBEN A NEMZETTEL A HAZÁÉRT" 4 | "KÁROLY I.K.A.CS. ÉS M.H.SZ.D.O.AP.KIR." 5 , standing IV. Károly | 1918 | |||||||
100 K | 37.0 mm | 2.0 mm | 33.9 g | "BIZALMAM AZ ŐSI ERÉNYBEN", ornament | "FERENCZ JÓZSEF I.K.A.CS. ÉS M.H.S.D.O.AP.KIR.", standing I. Ferenc József | Middle Coat of Arms with angels, value, mintmark | 1907 | |||
Korona coins – Commemorative issues | ||||||||||
1 K | 23.0 mm | 1.5 mm | 5.0 g | 835‰ silver | "BIZALMAM AZ ŐSI ERÉNYBEN", ornament | "AZ EZERÉVES MAGYARORSZÁG EMLÉKÉRE" 6 , I. Ferenc József, mintmark, value | Árpád | 1896 | ||
5 K | 36.0 mm | 2.6 mm | 24.0 g | 900‰ silver | "FERENCZ JÓZSEF I.K.A.CS. ÉS M.H.S.D.O.AP.KIR.", I. Ferenc József | "MEGKORONÁZTATÁSÁNAK NEGYVENEDIK ÉVFORDULÓJÁRA 1867-1907" 7 , coronation scene, value, mintmark | 1907 [1] | |||
100 K | 37.0 mm | 2.0 mm | 33.9 g | 900‰ gold | "BIZALMAM AZ ŐSI ERÉNYBEN", ornament | "FERENCZ JÓZSEF I.K.A.CS. ÉS M.H.S.D.O.AP.KIR.", I. Ferenc József | "MEGKORONÁZTATÁSÁNAK NEGYVENEDIK ÉVFORDULÓJÁRA 1867-1907", coronation scene, value, mintmark | 1907 | ||
These images are to scale at 2.5 pixels per millimeter, a standard for world coins. For table standards, see the coin specification table. |
Charles I or Karl I was the last Emperor of Austria, the last King of Hungary, the last King of Bohemia, and the last monarch belonging to the House of Habsburg-Lorraine before the dissolution of Austria-Hungary. The son of Archduke Otto of Austria and Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony, Charles became heir presumptive of Emperor Franz Joseph after his uncle Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria was assassinated in 1914. In 1911, he married Princess Zita of Bourbon-Parma.
The German phrase kaiserlich und königlich, typically abbreviated as k. u. k., k. und k., k. & k. in German, cs. és k. in Hungarian, c. a k. in Czech, C. i K. in Polish, c. in k. in Slovenian, c. i kr. in Bosnian and Croatian, and I.R. in Italian, refers to the court/government of the Habsburgs in a broader historical perspective. Some modern authors restrict its use to the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary from 1867 to 1918. During that period, it indicated that the Habsburg monarch reigned simultaneously as the Kaiser and as the König, while the two territories were joined in a real union. The acts of the common government, which was responsible only for the Imperial & Royal ("I&R") Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the I&R Ministry of War and the I&R Ministry of Finance, were carried out in the name of "His Imperial and Royal Majesty", and the central governmental bodies had their names prefixed with k. u. k.
The Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia was a nominally autonomous kingdom and constitutionally defined separate political nation within the Austro-Hungarian Empire, created in 1868 by merging the kingdoms of Croatia and Slavonia following the Croatian–Hungarian Settlement of 1868. It was associated with the Hungarian Kingdom within the dual Austro-Hungarian state, being within the Lands of the Crown of St. Stephen, also known as Transleithania. While Croatia had been granted a wide internal autonomy with "national features", in reality, Croatian control over key issues such as tax and military issues was minimal and hampered by Hungary. It was internally officially referred to as the Triune Kingdom of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia, also simply known as the Triune Kingdom, and had claims on Dalmatia, which was administrated separately by the Austrian Cisleithania. The city of Rijeka, following a disputed section in the 1868 Settlement known as the Rijeka Addendum, became a corpus separatum and was legally owned by Hungary, but administrated by both Croatia and Hungary.
The Gulden or forint was the currency of the lands of the House of Habsburg between 1754 and 1892, when it was replaced by the krone/korona as part of the introduction of the gold standard. In Austria, the Gulden was initially divided into 60 Kreuzer, and in Hungary, the forint was divided into 60 krajczár. The currency was decimalized in 1857, using the same names for the unit and subunit.
The internal official name "Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen" denominated the Hungarian territories of Austria-Hungary during the totality of the existence of the latter. This union is sometimes denominated "Archiregnum Hungaricum", pursuant to Medieval Latin terminology. Pursuant to Article 1 of the Croatian–Hungarian Settlement of 1868, this territory was officially defined as "a state union of Kingdom of Hungary and Triune Kingdom of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia". Dalmatia actually lay outside the Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen and was part of the Austrian half of the Empire, but was included in the name due to a long political campaign seeking recognition of the Triune Kingdom which consisted of a united Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia. The Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen disintegrated after the dissolution of Austria-Hungary.
The Hungarian korona was the replacement currency of the Austro-Hungarian Krone/korona amongst the boundaries of the newly created post-World War I Hungary. It suffered a serious inflation and was replaced by the pengő on 1 January 1927.
Austro-Hungarian gulden coins were minted following the Ausgleich with different designs for the two parts of the empire.
The Black Army, also called the Black Legion/Regiment – possibly after their black armor panoply – is a common name given to the military forces serving under the reign of King Matthias Corvinus of Hungary. The ancestor and core of this early standing mercenary army appeared in the era of his father John Hunyadi in the early 1440s. The idea of the professional standing mercenary army came from Matthias' juvenile readings about the life of Julius Caesar.
Nicholas II Garai was a powerful Hungarian baron, who served as the Palatine of Hungary from 1402 until 1433 and the ban of Macsó, Usora, Só, Slavonia, Croatia and Dalmatia. He also ruled over Braničevo, Syrmia, Bačka, Banat and Baranya regions through vassals. Together with his close ally Stibor of Stiboricz, he became one of the richest and most powerful nobles in Hungary for over 30 years. The valiant Nicholas II Garai governed over national matters as the factual Ruler of Hungary next to the King Sigismund. In 1416 Sigismund extended their armorial bearings showing the Order of the Dragon and the Order of the Scarf. He presented the patent to his brother-in-law.
Croatian–Hungarian Settlement was a pact signed in 1868, that governed Croatia's political status in the Hungarian-ruled part of Austria-Hungary. It lasted until the end of World War I, when the Croatian Parliament, as the representative of the historical sovereignty of Croatia, decided on October 29, 1918 to end all state and legal ties with the old Austria-Hungary.
The Minister of Croatian Affairs of Hungary was a member of the Hungarian cabinet in Austria-Hungary. The position was created following the Croatian–Hungarian Agreement in 1868. The minister was appointed by the emperor-king. The officeholder kept a connection between Croatia-Slavonia-Dalmatia and the Hungarian Kingdom. This position was without portfolio.
People's Party was a political party in the Habsburg Kingdom of Croatia and the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia.
Hungary, the name in English for the country of the same name, is an exonym derived from the Medieval Latin Hungaria. The Latin name itself derives from the ethnonyms (H)ungarī, Ungrī, and Ugrī for the steppe people that conquered the land today known as Hungary in the 9th and 10th centuries. Medieval authors denominated the Hungarians as Hungaria, but the Hungarians even contemporarily denominate themselves Magyars and their homeland Magyarország.
The Battle of Leitzersdorf was a battle between the Holy Roman Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary in 1484. Fuelled by the earlier conflicts of Matthias Corvinus and Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor it marked the end of anti-Ottoman preparations and initiations of a holy war. It was the only open field battle of the Austro-Hungarian War, and the defeat meant – in long terms – the loss of the Archduchy of Austria for the Holy Roman Empire.
The Siege of Hainburg were two sieges of Hainburg conducted by Matthias I, King of Hungary, during the Austro-Hungarian War (1477–88). The first siege was broken in July 1482 by the Imperial Army of the Holy Roman Empire. Corvinus laid siege to the town again in August 1482, this time with better preparations, and took Hainburg in September 1482.
Gyula Kornis was a Hungarian Piarist, philosopher, educator, professor and politician, who served as Speaker of the House of Representatives for a short time in 1938.
Dénes Lukács was a lieutenant colonel in the Hungarian army and artillery commander.
Kalán from the kindred Bár-Kalán was a prelate and royal official in the Kingdom of Hungary at the turn of the 12th and 13th centuries. He was bishop of Pécs from 1186 until his death in 1218, and ban of Croatia and Dalmatia between 1193 and 1194, thus he was the first prelate in the kingdom to parallelly held a secular office. Kalán's relationship with the monarch was tense in the reign of King Emeric who accused the bishop of incest but could never prove it. Although a part of the canons of Esztergom elected Kalán as archbishop in 1204, his election was not confirmed by the Holy See. Kalán died when planning to go on a crusade to the Holy Land.
The Royal Hungarian Army was the name given to the land forces of the Kingdom of Hungary in the period from 1922 to 1945. Its name was inherited from the Royal Hungarian Honvéd which went under the same Hungarian title of Magyar Királyi Honvédség from 1867 to 1918. Initially restricted by the Treaty of Trianon to 35,000 men, the army was steadily upgraded during the 1930s and fought on the side of the Axis powers in the Second World War.
The Austro-Hungarian Monarchy in Writing and Image is a large-scale historical-geographical-ethnographic publication in the late 19th century in Hungarian, which attempted to present the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy.