Cristalino State Park

Last updated
Cristalino State Park
Parque Estadual do Cristalino
IUCN category II (national park)
P.E.CRISTALINO 1.JPG
The unusual variant of the splashback poison frog in the park
Relief Map of Brazil.jpg
Red pog.svg
Nearest city Novo Mundo, Mato Grosso
Coordinates 9°31′30″S55°39′04″W / 9.525°S 55.651°W / -9.525; -55.651 Coordinates: 9°31′30″S55°39′04″W / 9.525°S 55.651°W / -9.525; -55.651
Area184,900 hectares (457,000 acres)
Designation State park
Created9 June 2000
AdministratorSEMA (Secretaria Estadual do Meio Ambiente)

The Cristalino State Park (Portuguese : Parque Estadual do Cristalino) is a state park in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil.

Contents

Location

The Cristalino State Park is in the municipalities of Alta Floresta and Novo Mundo in the extreme north of Mato Grosso, between the Teles Pires river and the border with the state of Pará. The park covers an area of about 184,900 hectares (457,000 acres). Most of the park is in Novo Mundo but part of the extreme west of the park is in Alta Floresta. [1] Its shape is roughly rectangular, extending 89 kilometres (55 mi) east-west and 32 kilometres (20 mi) north-south. [2] The park is on the border of the "arc of deforestation" in the Amazon rainforest. [2] In the north it borders the Brazilian Airforce base in Pará, which contains a large area of native vegetation. The state park is surrounded by farms to the west, east and south. [2]

The Cristalino River enters the park from Pará to the north, then flows westward through the park below the Pará border before turning south and flowing to the Teles Pires in the southwest. The Serra do Mateiro is in the west of the park. The Rochedo River rises in the east of the park, flowing through the Serra do Rochedo on the park's south boundary. The Nhandú River defines the eastern boundary of the park. [3] The park is accessible by water via the Teles Pires River to the mouth of the Cristalino River, then up that river through the park. [1]

The park can also be reached by the unpaved Quarta Leste road from the municipal center of Alta Floresta, taking a ferry across the Teles Pires River. The road runs through the park as far as the Cristalino River. Another dirt road from the Primeira Leste highway runs parallel to the boundary with Pará to the Cristalino River. Unofficial roads opened by ranchers and loggers enter the eastern end of the park, but do not reach the Cristalino River basin. SEMA has a station for researchers and students, including a house with four bedrooms, one bathroom and a power generator. [1]

Environment

The climate is hot and humid, with annual average temperatures over 24 °C (75 °F) and average annual rainfall above 2,400 millimetres (94 in). There is a dry season from May to September with monthly total rainfall is less than 100 millimetres (3.9 in). [2] The park is in the ecotone or transition zone between Amazon rainforest and cerrado. [2] The reserve would be in the proposed South Amazon Ecotones Ecological Corridor. [4] Vegetation includes rainforest, seasonal forest, campinarana, rocky fields and pioneer fluvial or lacustrine formations. [1] 515 species of birds have been recorded, with 55 endemic species, 43 of reptiles, 29 of amphibians, 36 of mammals and 16 fish species with commercial or sports value. [2]

Ecotourism, including observation of wildlife and hiking, generates some income and may help encourage sustainable environmental development in the surrounding area. [5] However, the park has been threatened since the time of its creation with land clearance for cattle pasture, illegal logging and construction of infrastructure such as small hydroelectric plants. [6] Little has been done to prevent damage to the environment, and there is lack of local community support for the park. Threats include illegal logging, which has steadily advanced north into the park, family agriculture producing annual crops such as rice and beans, and cattle farming. [7]

The Cristalino State Park was created on 9 June 2000. [3] It had an initial area of 66,900 hectares (165,000 acres). [6] Objectives were to preserve animals and native species of trees threatened with extinction. [1] The Cristalino II State Park was created by decree 2.628 of 30 May 2001. [8] These two contiguous parks together have an area of 184,900 hectares (457,000 acres). [9] The park is administered by the State Department of the Environment (SEMA). SEMA has been working with the Cristalino Ecological Foundation, ICV, Forest Institute and UNEMAT to prepare the management plan. The consultative council was installed in 2007 with representatives of civil society and public organizations. [7] As of 2016 the park was supported by the Amazon Region Protected Areas Program. [10]

Notes

    1. 1 2 3 4 5 Infraestrutura do Módulo ... PPBio.
    2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Pereira & Nascimento 2010, p. 144.
    3. 1 2 Parque Estadual Cristalino: Um lugar para se conservar, p. 18.
    4. ↑ Ayres et al. 2005, p. 34.
    5. ↑ Parque Estadual Cristalino: Um lugar para se conservar, p. 13.
    6. 1 2 Pereira & Nascimento 2010, p. 140.
    7. 1 2 Pereira & Nascimento 2010, p. 145.
    8. ↑ PES Cristalino II – ISA, Historico Juridico.
    9. ↑ Plano de Manejo 2009, p. 8.
    10. ↑ Full list: PAs supported by ARPA.

    Sources

    Related Research Articles

    Mato Grosso State of Brazil

    Mato Grosso is one of the states of Brazil, the third largest by area, located in the western part of the country. The state, which has 1.66% of the Brazilian population, is responsible for 1.9% of the Brazilian GDP.

    Alta Floresta Municipality in Center-West, Brazil

    Alta Floresta is a municipality in Mato Grosso, Brazil. It is located at around 9°53′10″S56°5′14″W.

    The Teles Pires is a 1370 km long river in Brasil. The river flows through the state of Mato Grosso and its lower part marks the border between the states of Mato Grosso and Pará. At its mouth it joins Juruena River and together they form the Tapajós, which is one of the biggest tributaries of the Amazon River. The most important settlement along the river is Alta Floresta.

    Cristalino River (Teles Pires) river in Brazil; tributary of Rio Teles Pires

    The Cristalino River is a river of the states of Pará and Mato Grosso in western Brazil. It is a tributary of the Teles Pires.

    Novo Mundo is a municipality in the state of Mato Grosso in the Central-West Region of Brazil.

    Juruena National Park National park in Brazil (declared 2006)

    Juruena National Park, declared in 2006, is the third largest national park of Brazil. It is located along the Juruena River, in the north of Mato Grosso state and the south of Amazonas state. It forms part of a corridor of protected areas that is meant to contain agricultural expansion into the Amazon rainforest.

    Rio Ronuro Ecological Station

    Rio Ronuro Ecological Station is an ecological station in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. It protects an area of contact between Amazon rainforest in the north and Cerrado semi-deciduous forest in the south. Since being created in 1998 it has been reduced in size and has suffered from significant deforestation.

    Xingu State Park

    Xingu State Park is a state park in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil.

    Sucunduri State Park

    Sucunduri State Park is a state park in the state of Amazonas, Brazil.

    Igarapés do Juruena State Park state park in Mato Grosso, Brazil

    The Igarapés do Juruena State Park is a state park in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil.

    Guariba State Park

    The Guariba State Park is a State park in the state of Amazonas, Brazil.

    Águas Quentes State Park

    The Águas Quentes State Park is a state park in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil

    Serra de Santa Bárbara State Park

    The Serra de Santa Bárbara State Park is a state park in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. It preserves a unique environment where the Amazon rainforest, pantanal and cerrado meet, and holds many endemic or endangered species.

    Nhandú River

    The Nhandú River is a river in the states of Pará and Mato Grosso, Brazil. It is a tributary of the Teles Pires.

    Araguaia State Park State Park in Mato Grosso, Brazil

    The Araguaia State Park is a state park in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. It protects an area of annually flooded cerrado in the transition to Amazon rainforest, and is rich in biodiversity.

    Serra Ricardo Franco State Park Brazilian state park

    The Serra Ricardo Franco State Park is a state park in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. It protects the edge of a plateau on the border with Bolivia in the region of transition from cerrado to Amazon rainforest. The park has been poorly protected and is badly degraded in areas by deforestation and conversion to pasturage. It is threatened by illegal squatters, hunting and burning.

    Serra Azul State Park

    The Serra Azul State Park is a state park in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. It protects a mountainous area of cerrado forest and contains slopes that are used for paragliding. The park contains the geodetic center of Brazil.

    Cristalino II State Park

    The Cristalino II State Park is a state park in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. It protects an area of savanna and rainforest that is rich in biodiversity. Parts of the park have been invaded by loggers, squatters and cattle ranchers, often supported by local and state politicians.

    Prosa State Park

    The Prosa State Park, formerly the Parque dos Poderes, is an urban state park in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. It protects a remnant of cerrado vegetation, and is home to a wildlife rehabilitation center.

    Rio Doce State Park park in Minas Gerais, Brazil

    The Rio Doce State Park is a state park in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. It protects a large remnant of Atlantic Forest, and includes a system of lagoons rich in species of native fish.

    This page is based on this Wikipedia article
    Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
    Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.