| Crucifixion | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Artist | Simon Vouet |
| Year | 1636-1637 |
| Medium | Oil on canvas |
| Dimensions | 216 cm× 146 cm(85 in× 57 in) |
| Location | Museum of Fine Arts of Lyon, Lyon |
Crucifixion is an oil on canvas painting by Simon Vouet, executed in 1636-1627. This painting is part of a set of three works, together with the paintings representing the Last Supper and the incredulity of St. Thomas. It is now in the Museum of Fine Arts of Lyon. [1]
During the realization of this work, Vouet was the painter of King Louis XIII and one of the best known at his time. The painting was commissioned by Cardinal Pierre Séguier. He wanted it for the chapel of his mansion. This work was accompanied by two other paintings: The Last Supper and the Incredulity of Saint Thomas. These works represent three particular scenes from the life of Jesus between the Last Supper and his death on the cross. The Crucifixion was carried out between 1636 and 1637. After completed, the paintings were kept in the cardinal's chapel. Being arranged above the altar, these works were above all religious. It was subsequently offered in 1816 to the Musée des Beaux-Arts of Lyon by Cardinal Joseph Fesch. The painting is always surrounded by the two paintings mentioned.
This canvas is a representation of the death of Jesus Christ on the cross. The characters present at his side seem to be struck by the scene, their gazes converge on the face of Christ. The painter chooses to represent the precise moment of the end of the agony of Christ, the tilted head seems to indicate his death. Mary painted in the lower right is presented in agony, as if she shared the pain of her son's death. The Virgin Mary is supported by the apostle John, looking at Jesus on the cross. On the left of the painting stands Mary Magdalen, from behind, startled by the scene, in a gesture of recoil and arms outstretched.
Jesus is highlighted by the white light projected on him, which makes him the central character of the work. In addition, we can distinguish, by their amplitudes and the impression of movement, a drape. The work is particular by the impressive drape of the virgin in the foreground as if to show the magnificence of the character. Vouet also made engravings of this drape, this shows all the work done by the painter for this precise detail.
The faces as well as the light, which recall the painter's Italian training, reinforce all the theatricality and solemnity of the scene. [2]
The Last Supper is a mural painting by the Italian High Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci, dated to c. 1495–1498. The painting represents the scene of the Last Supper of Jesus with the Twelve Apostles, as it is told in the Gospel of John – specifically the moment after Jesus announces that one of his apostles will betray him. Its handling of space, mastery of perspective, treatment of motion and complex display of human emotion has made it one of the Western world's most recognizable paintings and among Leonardo's most celebrated works. Some commentators consider it pivotal in inaugurating the transition into what is now termed the High Renaissance.
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Simon Vouet was a French painter who studied and rose to prominence in Italy before being summoned by Louis XIII to serve as Premier peintre du Roi in France. He and his studio of artists created religious and mythological paintings, portraits, frescoes, tapestries, and massive decorative schemes for the king and for wealthy patrons, including Richelieu. During this time, "Vouet was indisputably the leading artist in Paris," and was immensely influential in introducing the Italian Baroque style of painting to France. He was also according to Pierre Rosenberg, "without doubt one of the outstanding seventeenth-century draughtsmen, equal to Annibale Carracci and Lanfranco."
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The Museum of Fine Arts of Lyon is a municipal museum of fine arts in the French city of Lyon. Located near the Place des Terreaux, it is housed in a former Benedictine convent which was active during the 17th and 18th centuries. It was restored between 1988, and 1998, remaining open to visitors throughout this time despite the ongoing restoration works. Its collections range from ancient Egyptian antiquities to the Modern art period, making the museum one of the most important in Europe. It also hosts important exhibitions of art, for example the exhibitions of works by Georges Braque and Henri Laurens in the second half of 2005, and another on the work of Théodore Géricault from April to July 2006. It is one of the largest art museums in France.
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Crucifixions and crucifixes have appeared in the arts and popular culture from before the era of the pagan Roman Empire. The crucifixion of Jesus has been depicted in a wide range of religious art since the 4th century CE, much of which has included the appearance of mournful onlookers, the Virgin Mary, angels, Pontius Pilate and even antisemeitc depictions of deicidal Jews. In more modern times, crucifixion has appeared in film and television as well as in fine art, and depictions of other historical crucifixions have appeared as well as the crucifixion of Christ. Modern art and culture have also seen the rise of images of crucifixion being used to make statements unconnected with Christian iconography, or even just used for shock value.
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