Mount Arayat is a potentially active stratovolcano sleeping in the province of Pampanga on the island of Luzon, Philippines, rising to a height of 1,033 metres (3,389 ft). The volcano has a breached crater on its northwest side with a smaller andesitic dome in the collapse amphitheater. There are historical records of eruption in Arayat and the only dated rocks are 530- and 650-thousand-year-old basalts predating the collapse and formation of the lava dome. However, weak steaming is currently present in some of the heavily eroded vents on the North Western side of the summit. Additionally an analysis report indicates that the volcano erupted over the last 2,000 years, but it is believed to refer to the volcanic activity of the volcano. The Mount Arayat National Park was established in 1933.
The Philippine Revolution was a conflict waged by the Filipino revolutionaries against the Spanish colonial authorities in an attempt to win the archipelago's independence.
Miguel Malvar y Carpio was a Filipino general who served during the Philippine Revolution and, subsequently, during the Philippine–American War. He assumed command of the Philippine revolutionary forces during the latter, following the capture of resistance leader Emilio Aguinaldo by the Americans in 1901. According to some historians, he could have been listed as one of the presidents of the Philippines but, as of 2022, is not recognized as such by the Philippine government.
Ladislao Diwa y Nocon was a Filipino patriot who was among the founders of the Katipunan that initiated the Philippine Revolution against Spain in 1896.
Francisco Macabulos y Soliman, commonly known today as Francisco Makabulos, was a Filipino patriot and revolutionary general who led the Katipunan revolutionary forces during the Philippine Revolution against Spain in 1896.
Mariano Trías y Closas is considered to be the first de facto Philippine Vice President of that revolutionary government established at the Tejeros Convention - an assembly of Philippine revolutionary leaders that elected officials of the revolutionary movement against the colonial government of Spain. When that assembly broke into factions, a truce known as the Pact of Biak-na-Bato was signed by the group and also recognized the elected officials and Trias as the vice president of Emilio Aguinaldo, who is also considered to be the first President of the Philippines. With the promulgation of the Malolos Constitution by the Malolos Convention, the First Philippine Republic was born. Under the Aguinaldo administration, Trias served in the cabinet initially as Secretary of Finance and, later, as Secretary of War.
Servillano Aquino y Aguilar was a Filipino general during the Philippine Revolution and the Philippine–American War. He served as a delegate to the Malolos Congress and was the grandfather of Benigno S. "Ninoy" Aquino Jr. He is the great-grandfather of Benigno Aquino III, the 15th President of the Philippines.
The Republic of Biak-na-Bato was the second revolutionary republican government led by Emilio Aguinaldo during the Philippine Revolution that referred to itself as the Republic of the Philippines and was seated in what is now Biak-na-Bato National Park. The current designation was adopted by historians to avoid confusion with the name of the current Philippine government, which also refers to itself as the Republic of the Philippines, and with other past Philippine governments using the same designation.
Bulacan is a province of the Philippines. It was established on 15 August 1578.
The Battle of San Juan del Monte also refers as "Battle of Pinaglabanan" took place on August 30, 1896. It is considered as the first major battle of the Philippine Revolution, which sought Philippine independence from Spain. The first battle cry of the Katipunan coincided with the pealing of church bells at nine o'clock on the night of August 29, 1896.
Mariano Núñez Llanera was a Filipino revolutionary general from Cabiao, Nueva Ecija who fought in his aforementioned home province, and also in the neighboring provinces of Bulacan, Tarlac, and Pampanga. He is considered one of the "three Fathers" of the Cry of Nueva Ecija, along with Pantaleon Valmonte and Manuel Tinio.
The Battle of Binakayan–Dalahican was a simultaneous battle during the Philippine Revolution that was fought on November 9–11, 1896 that led to a decisive Filipino victory. The twin battle took place at the shores of Binakayan, in the town of Cavite Viejo ; Dalahican and Dagatan in Noveleta; and, to minimal extent, in Imus and Bacoor towns in Cavite, Philippines that lasted for two days before the Spanish army retreated demoralized and in disarray. The result of the battle was the first significant Filipino victory in the country's history.
This is a list of notable events that happened in the Philippines in the year 1897.
The first Cry of Nueva Ecija occurred on September 2–5, 1896, in the province of Nueva Ecija, in the Philippines under Spanish rule. It followed shortly after the Cry of Pugad Lawin and was the first call for revolution in central Luzon. Roughly 3,000 volunteers were led by Mariano Llanera and Pantaleon Valmonte. They marched towards San Isidro, the provincial capital, where after fighting several battles with the Spanish forces, their army was finally forced to retreat and to undertake guerrilla warfare.
General Mamerto Alejandrino Natividad was a haciendero and a Filipino military leader who led numerous successful battles during the Philippine Revolution against the Spaniards. He is credited with establishing army headquarters at Biak Na Bato, which today is a national park because of its historical significance. Together with Jose Clemente Zulueta, he wrote the proclamation entitled “To The Brave Sons of the Philippines”, which called for the expulsion of the friars from the Philippines. He was a signatory to the Biak Na Bato convention, but a steadfast dissenter to the Treaty of Biak Na Bato, which asked for peace and reforms. He preferred independence.
The Central Executive Committee in the Philippines was an insurgent revolutionary government temporarily established by Francisco Macabulos on April 17, 1898, shortly after the December 14, 1897, signing of the Pact of Biak-na-Bato. That pact established a truce between Spanish colonial authorities in the Philippines and the revolutionary Republic of Biak-na-Bato calling for the exile of Emilio Aguinaldo and other senior revolutionaries. The exiled revolutionaries formed the Hong Kong Junta, and the Central Executive Committee was intended to remain in existence in the Philippines "until a general government of the Republic in these islands shall again be established, with a constitution which provided for a President, Vice President, Secretary of War and Secretary of the Treasury.." The committee was dissolved shortly after Aguinaldo's May 19, 1898, return to the Philippines.
This is the timeline of the El Filibusterismo . It contains details before and after public of El Filibusterismo.
The Guardia de Honor de Maria or simply Guardia de Honor was a Philippine peasant organization most active during the Philippine–American War. Starting out as a cofradia founded by the Dominicans, the Guardia de Honor became increasingly militant during the Philippine Revolution. The First Philippine Republic and the subsequent colonial government both saw the Guardia de Honor as brigands and tulisanes and sought to suppress them. The Guardia de Honor was most active in the provinces of Pangasinan and Tarlac, and was active alongside the similar Santa Iglesia movement in Pampanga.
The Battle of Mount Puray, sometimes known as Battle of Mount Purog, was fought on June 14, 1897, between the Philippine revolutionaries led by Revolutionary President Emilio Aguinaldo and General Licerio Geronimo and Spanish forces sent under orders by Governor-General Fernando Primo de Rivera. Filipino forces won a victory in this battle in which a Spanish army pursuing them was crushed and routed. The Filipinos' victory in the battle ended the long evacuation from Cavite to Morong, and made possible the setting up of their new revolutionary headquarters in the battlefield's vicinity and then later to Biac-na-Bato in Bulacan.
Pampanga in the Philippine Revolution remained almost wholly loyal to Spanish suzerainty, with only few noble Kapampangan families defecting to the Katipunan. Kapampangan involvement in defending Spanish interests began when the Revolution broke out, with many freemen enlisting in Spanish forces. However, Tagalog rebels would eventually infiltrate the province and begin a campaign of terrorism. Once Spain lost the Battle of Manila Bay, Spanish forces in Pampanga retreated to Macabebe and awaited their return to Spain. Republican forces would raze and loot Kapampangan towns for their cooperation with Spanish forces. To revenge their losses, many Kapampangans would enlist with the Americans to defeat the Philippine Republic.
Katipunan 
Spanish Empire