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 Cuba |  Guatemala |
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Cuba-Guatemala relations refers to the bilateral relations between Republic of Cuba and Guatemala. Both nations are members of the Association of Caribbean States, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Organization of Ibero-American States and the United Nations. Cuba has an embassy in Guatemala City [1] and Guatemala has an embassy in Havana. [2]
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In the 1960s, Cuba established close ties with the emerging Guatemalan social movement led by Luis Augusto Turcios Lima, and supported the establishment of the URNG, a militant organization which later evolved to become a legal political party following the end of the Guatemalan Civil War. Guatemala severed ties with Cuba from the 1960s until the end of the civil war in 1998. In 1999, Guatemalan President Alvaro Arzu visited Cuba. [3]
In 2009, Guatemalan President Alvaro Colom visited Havana and gave Fidel Castro the Order of Quetzal, one of the highest honors in Guatemala. Cuban president Raul Castro accepted the award on behalf of his brother, Fidel. [4]
Cuba provided over 40,000 eye surgeries and 27 million medical consultations to Guatemalans between 1998 and 2009. [5]
In FY2020, Guatemala exported US$8.86 Million worth of goods to Cuba while Cuba exported US$389,000 worth of goods to Guatemala. Guatemala's most common export to Cuba was cleaning products while Cuba's most common export to Guatemala was Coal Brisquettes. [6]
Cuba's foreign policy has been fluid throughout history depending on world events and other variables, including relations with the United States. Without massive Soviet subsidies and its primary trading partner, Cuba became increasingly isolated in the late 1980s and early 1990s after the fall of the USSR and the end of the Cold War, but Cuba opened up more with the rest of the world again starting in the late 1990s when they have since entered bilateral co-operation with several South American countries, most notably Venezuela and Bolivia beginning in the late 1990s, especially after the Venezuela election of Hugo Chávez in 1999, who became a staunch ally of Castro's Cuba. The United States used to stick to a policy of isolating Cuba until December 2014, when Barack Obama announced a new policy of diplomatic and economic engagement. The European Union accuses Cuba of "continuing flagrant violation of human rights and fundamental freedoms". Cuba has developed a growing relationship with the People's Republic of China and Russia. In all, Cuba continues to have formal relations with 160 nations, and provided civilian assistance workers – principally medical – in more than 20 nations. More than one million exiles have escaped to foreign countries. Cuba's present foreign minister is Bruno Rodríguez Parrilla.
Cuban–Chinese relations are the interstate relations between the People's Republic of China and Republic of Cuba. The origins of the relations began when the Qing dynasty established a consulate in Havana while Cuba was a still a colony of Spain in 1879. In 1902, the Qing dynasty recognized the independence of the Republic of Cuba from the United States, which had taken it from Spain in 1898. Cuba recognised the PRC in September 1960.
After the establishment of diplomatic ties with the Soviet Union after the Cuban Revolution of 1959, Cuba became increasingly dependent on Soviet markets and military aid and was an ally of the Soviet Union during the Cold War. In 1972 Cuba joined the COMECON, an economic organization of states designed to create co-operation among the communist planned economies, which was dominated by its largest economy, the Soviet Union. Moscow kept in regular contact with Havana and shared varying close relations until the end of the Soviet Union in 1991. Cuba then entered an era of serious economic hardship, the Special Period.
Relations between Cuba and Venezuela were established in 1902. The relationship deteriorated in the 1960s and Venezuela broke relations in late 1961 following the Betancourt Doctrine policy of not having ties with governments that had come to power by non-electoral means. A destabilizing factor was the Cuban support for the antigovernment guerrilla force that operates in remote rural areas. Venezuela broke off relations with Cuba after the Machurucuto invasion in 1967, when Cuban trained guerrillas landed in Venezuela seeking to recruit guerrillas and overthrow the government of Raúl Leoni. Relations were reestablished in 1974.
Cuba–Russia relations reflect the political, economic and cultural exchanges between Cuba and Russia. These countries have had close cooperation since the days of the Soviet Union. Russia has an embassy in Havana and a consulate-general in Santiago de Cuba. Cuba has an embassy in Moscow and an honorary consulate in Saint Petersburg. Around 55,000 people of Russian descent live in Cuba.
Canada–Cuba relations are the bilateral relations between Canada and Cuba. Informal trade relations between the colonies of Atlantic Canada and the Captaincy General of Cuba have existed since the 18th century. The informal trading relationship between Canada and Cuba continued into the 20th century, with diplomatic relations formally established between the two countries in 1945.
Cuba–India relations are the bilateral ties between the Republic of Cuba and the Republic of India.
Cuba and Indonesia established diplomatic relations in 1960. During the administration of Indonesia's first president Sukarno in the 1960s, Indonesia and Cuba enjoyed an exceptionally close relationship. The relations between the two nations mostly focused on sports and health. Cuba has an embassy in Jakarta, while Indonesia has an embassy in Havana that is also accredited to the Commonwealth of the Bahamas and Jamaica. Both nations are full members of the Non-Aligned Movement and partners in the Group of 77 and the Forum of East Asia-Latin America Cooperation.
Cuba–Uruguay relations refers to the diplomatic relations between the Republic of Cuba and the Oriental Republic of Uruguay. Both nations are members of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Group of 77, Organization of Ibero-American States and the United Nations.
Cuba–Mexico relations refers to diplomatic and bilateral relations between the Republic of Cuba and the United Mexican States. Both nations are members of the Association of Caribbean States, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Latin American Integration Association, Organization of Ibero-American States, and the United Nations.
Cuba–Spain relations refer to the bilateral relations between the Republic of Cuba and the Kingdom of Spain. Relations date back more than five centuries. Cuba had been a colony from 1492 until 1898 when the United States took over the territory in the Spanish–American War. Many Cubans have ancestry dating back from Spain. Many Spaniards escaped the first Spanish Civil War and went to Cuba, and other countries, around 1820–1825.
Cuba–North Korea relations are the bilateral relations between Cuba and North Korea.
Current and historical relations between Argentina and Cuba, have existed for over a century. Both nations are members of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Latin American Integration Association, Organization of American States and the Organization of Ibero-American States.
Cuba–Poland relations refers to the diplomatic relations between Cuba and Poland. Both nations are members of the United Nations.
Cuba–France relations are the diplomatic relations between Cuba and France. Both nations are members of the United Nations.
Cuba–Ethiopia relations refers to the bilateral relations between Cuba and Ethiopia. Both nations are members of the Non-Aligned Movement and the United Nations.
Cuba-Dominican Republic relations refers to the bilateral relations between The Dominican Republic and the Republic of Cuba. The Dominican Republic has a Embassy in Havana and Cuba has a Embassy in Santo Domingo.
Barbados-Cuban relations refers to the bilateral relations between Barbados and the Republic of Cuba. Barbados has an embassy in Havana and Cuba has an embassy in Bridgetown. Barbados and the Republic of Cuba are both members of the Association of Caribbean States, Belt and Road Initiative, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific State and CARICOM.
Cuba–Germany relations are the bilateral relations between Germany and the Republic of Cuba. Cuba has an Embassy in Berlin and Germany has an Embassy in Havana.
Cuba-Jamaica relations refers to the bilateral relations between Republic of Cuba and Jamaica. Cuba has an embassy in Kingston and Jamaica has an embassy in Havana. Both countries are members of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States.
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