DR1 (gene)

DR1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1JFI
Identifiers
Aliases	DR1 , NC2, NC2-BETA, NC2B, down-regulator of transcription 1, NCB2
External IDs	OMIM: 601482 MGI: 1100515 HomoloGene: 38809 GeneCards: DR1
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human) [1] Band 1p22.1 Start 93,345,907 bp [1] End 93,369,493 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 5 (mouse) [2] Band 5 F|5 52.82 cM Start 108,268,897 bp [2] End 108,280,526 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • TBP-class protein binding • DNA binding • transcription factor binding • GO:0001948 protein binding • GO:0001106 transcription corepressor activity • protein heterodimerization activity • GO:0001200, GO:0001133, GO:0001201 DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific • GO:0001105 transcription coactivator activity • GO:0000983 RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity Cellular component • Ada2/Gcn5/Ada3 transcription activator complex • nucleus • negative cofactor 2 complex Biological process • regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II • histone H3 acetylation • transcription, DNA-templated • chromatin remodeling • regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription preinitiation complex assembly • positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II • RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex assembly • transcription by RNA polymerase II Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	1810	13486
Ensembl	ENSG00000117505	ENSMUSG00000029265
UniProt	Q01658	Q91WV0
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001938	NM_026106
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001929	NP_080382
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 93.35 – 93.37 Mb	Chr 5: 108.27 – 108.28 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Protein Dr1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DR1 gene. ^{[5] [6] [7]}

Function

This gene encodes a TBP- (TATA box-binding protein) associated phosphoprotein that represses both basal and activated levels of transcription. The encoded protein is phosphorylated in vivo and this phosphorylation affects its interaction with TBP. This protein contains a histone fold motif at the amino terminus, a TBP-binding domain, and a glutamine- and alanine-rich region. The binding of DR1 repressor complexes to TBP-promoter complexes may establish a mechanism in which an altered DNA conformation, together with the formation of higher order complexes, inhibits the assembly of the preinitiation complex and controls the rate of RNA polymerase II transcription. ^[7]

Interactions

DR1 (gene) has been shown to interact with DRAP1. ^{[8] [9]}

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000117505 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000029265 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Inostroza JA, Mermelstein FH, Ha I, Lane WS, Reinberg D (Sep 1992). "Dr1, a TATA-binding protein-associated phosphoprotein and inhibitor of class II gene transcription". Cell. 70 (3): 477–89. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90172-9 . PMID   1339312.
6. Purrello M, Di Pietro C, Rapisarda A, Viola A, Corsaro C, Motta S, Grzeschik KH, Sichel G (1996). "Genomic localization of the human gene encoding Dr1, a negative modulator of transcription of class II and class III genes". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 75 (2–3): 186–9. doi:10.1159/000134479. PMID   9040789.
7. "Entrez Gene: DR1 down-regulator of transcription 1, TBP-binding (negative cofactor 2)".
8. Yeung K, Kim S, Reinberg D (Jan 1997). "Functional dissection of a human Dr1-DRAP1 repressor complex". Mol. Cell. Biol. 17 (1): 36–45. doi:10.1128/MCB.17.1.36. PMC   231727 . PMID   8972183.
9. Mermelstein F, Yeung K, Cao J, Inostroza JA, Erdjument-Bromage H, Eagelson K, Landsman D, Levitt P, Tempst P, Reinberg D (Apr 1996). "Requirement of a corepressor for Dr1-mediated repression of transcription". Genes Dev. 10 (8): 1033–48. doi: 10.1101/gad.10.8.1033 . PMID   8608938.

Further reading

• Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID   8125298.
• Goppelt A, Stelzer G, Lottspeich F, Meisterernst M (1996). "A mechanism for repression of class II gene transcription through specific binding of NC2 to TBP-promoter complexes via heterodimeric histone fold domains". EMBO J. 15 (12): 3105–16. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb00673.x. PMC   450253 . PMID   8670811.
• Kashanchi F, Khleif SN, Duvall JF, Sadaie MR, Radonovich MF, Cho M, Martin MA, Chen SY, Weinmann R, Brady JN (1996). "Interaction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat with a unique site of TFIID inhibits negative cofactor Dr1 and stabilizes the TFIID-TFIIA complex". J. Virol. 70 (8): 5503–10. doi:10.1128/JVI.70.8.5503-5510.1996. PMC   190508 . PMID   8764062.
• Cowell IG, Hurst HC (1996). "Protein-protein interaction between the transcriptional repressor E4BP4 and the TBP-binding protein Dr1". Nucleic Acids Res. 24 (18): 3607–13. doi:10.1093/nar/24.18.3607. PMC   146135 . PMID   8836190.
• Rozet JM, Gerber S, Perrault I, Camuzat A, Calvas P, Viegas-Pequignot E, Molina-Gomes D, Le Paslier D, Chumakov I, Munnich A, Kaplan J (1996). "Structure and physical mapping of DR1, a TATA-binding protein-associated phosphoprotein gene, to chromosome 1p22.1 and its exclusion in Stargardt disease (STGD)". Genomics. 36 (3): 554–6. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0508. PMID   8884286.
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene. 200 (1–2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID   9373149.
• Kamada K, Shu F, Chen H, Malik S, Stelzer G, Roeder RG, Meisterernst M, Burley SK (2001). "Crystal structure of negative cofactor 2 recognizing the TBP-DNA transcription complex". Cell. 106 (1): 71–81. doi: 10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00417-2 . PMID   11461703. S2CID   11064090.
• Gilfillan S, Stelzer G, Piaia E, Hofmann MG, Meisterernst M (2005). "Efficient binding of NC2.TATA-binding protein to DNA in the absence of TATA". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (7): 6222–30. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M406343200 . PMID   15574413.
• Lewis BA, Sims RJ, Lane WS, Reinberg D (2005). "Functional characterization of core promoter elements: DPE-specific transcription requires the protein kinase CK2 and the PC4 coactivator". Mol. Cell. 18 (4): 471–81. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2005.04.005 . PMID   15893730.
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1173R. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID   16189514. S2CID   4427026.
• Malecová B, Gross P, Boyer-Guittaut M, Yavuz S, Oelgeschläger T (2007). "The initiator core promoter element antagonizes repression of TATA-directed transcription by negative cofactor NC2". J. Biol. Chem. 282 (34): 24767–76. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M702776200 . PMID   17584739.