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The Dafali (called with different names like Sheikh Masoodi / Hashmi) Masoodi and Dafali are a Muslim community found all over India with the majority being in the state of Uttar Pradesh surname Masoodi. The Government of India reservations programme for poor category they have been categorized in Other Backward Class (OBC) category in Uttar Pradesh. Dafali / Masoodi can be also found in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal.
The community have acquired their name from the Hindi and Urdu word Daf, meaning tambourine, which they used to play during wars and marriages in earlier times. They are one of the very few Muslim communities which have been Muslim since the origin, i.e. they are not converts. They played the daf instrument at various Sufi shrines in North India. The community traces its descent to the Sufi saint of Bahraich Syed Salar Masood Ghazi popularly known as Ghazi Mian.
The Dafali are found throughout the country, primarily in Uttar Pradesh, with special concentrations in Pilibhit, Rampur, Moradabad, Sambhal, Badauon, Saharanpur, Kanpur and Bareilly districts in the west, where the community speak Khari boli, while in Awadh, they are found mainly in the districts of Lucknow, Bahraich, Balrampur, Gonda, Shravasti and Sitapur, Basti District, Balrampur, Gonda, Shravasti and Sitapur, Sidharth Nagar District/Sidharthnagar, Allahabad, Pratapgarh, Jaunpur where they known as Hashmi, where the community speak Awadhi and their tribal language 'Madaah'. [1]
There traditional occupation was playing the daf during wars as well as at various Sufi shrines. Like other Muslim artisan groups, they have seen a decline in their traditional occupation. Many are now engaged in the different occupations including business and farming activities and a good population of the people are engaged in government sector as well in services like Provincial Civil Service and Judiciary.
The community live religious settlements, but occupy their own distinct quarters. Each settlement has a which acts as an instrument of social control, and is headed by "Chaudhary" Who is elected by the community elders, for a term with intra community disputes, as well as punishing those who breach communal norms.
Bahraich is a city and a municipal board in Bahraich district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. Located on the Saryu River, a tributary of the Ghaghara river, Bahraich is 125 kilometres north-east of Lucknow, the state capital. The districts of Barabanki, Gonda, Balrampur, Lakhimpur Kheri, Shravasti and Sitapur share boundaries with Bahraich. A factor which makes this town important is the international border shared with Nepal.
Bahraich district is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state of India, and Bahraich town is the district headquarters. Bahraich District is a part of Devipatan Division.
Shravasti district is one of the districts of the Uttar Pradesh state of India, with Bhinga town as its district headquarters. Shravasti district is a part of Devipatan Division. According to Government of India, it is among the 121 minority concentrated districts in India. It is the fourth most backward district in India, according to the 2018 Niti Aayog ranking. This district is the most poverty stricken district in the country.
Devipatan division is one of the 18 administrative geographical units of the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Currently, the division consists of 4 districts, of which Gonda city is the divisional headquarters:-
Bhinga is a town, Nagar Palika and district headquarter of Shravasti district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Nanpara is a town & municipal board in Bahraich district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is a region along the Nepal Border and includes tracts of dense forests. It is a city surrounded by many villages.
Salar Masud or Ghazi Miyan was a semi-legendary Muslim figure from India. By the 12th century, he had become reputed as a warrior, and his tomb (dargah) at Bahraich, Uttar Pradesh, India, had become a place of pilgrimage.
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Sehba Hussain is an Indian social activist. She is the co-founder and honorary treasurer of Self-Employed Women's Association (SEWA) in Lucknow. and founding board member and executive director of Lucknow-based, BETI Foundation, established in 2000.
Suhaldev or Suheldev Bais was a legendary Rajput king from Shravasti. Persian Hagiography Mirat-i-Masudi, written in 17th century, popularly mentions him to have defeated and killed the Ghaznavid general Ghazi Saiyyad Salar Masud at Bahraich in 1034 CE. He was killed by Syed Ibrahim, a commander of Salar Masud.
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