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Cell biology is a branch of biology that studies the structure,function,and behavior of cells. All living organisms are made of cells. A cell is the basic unit of life that is responsible for the living and functioning of organisms. Cell biology is the study of structural and functional units of cells. Cell biology encompasses both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and has many subtopics which may include the study of cell metabolism,cell communication,cell cycle,biochemistry,and cell composition. The study of cells is performed using several microscopy techniques,cell culture,and cell fractionation. These have allowed for and are currently being used for discoveries and research pertaining to how cells function,ultimately giving insight into understanding larger organisms. Knowing the components of cells and how cells work is fundamental to all biological sciences while also being essential for research in biomedical fields such as cancer,and other diseases. Research in cell biology is interconnected to other fields such as genetics,molecular genetics,molecular biology,medical microbiology,immunology,and cytochemistry.
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Marilyn Gist Farquhar was a pathologist and cellular biologist,Professor of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Pathology,as well as the chair of the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine at the University of California,San Diego School of Medicine,who previously worked at Yale University from 1973 to 1990. She has won the E. B. Wilson Medal and the FASEB Excellence in Science Award. She was married to Nobel Laureate George Emil Palade from 1970 to his death in 2008. Her research focuses on control of intracellular membrane traffic and the molecular pathogenesis of auto immune kidney diseases. She has yielded a number of discoveries in basic biomedical research including:mechanisms of kidney disease,organization of functions that attach cells to one another,and mechanisms of secretions.
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The Life Sciences Institute (LSI) is a collaborative,multidisciplinary research institution located on the campus of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. It encompasses 27 faculty-led teams from 13 schools and departments throughout U-M. The LSI brings together leading scientists from a variety of life science disciplines,working with a range of models systems and cutting-edge research tools,to accelerate breakthroughs and discoveries that will broaden understanding of the basic processes of life and lead to new treatments to improve human health.
Autophagy-related protein 8 (Atg8) is a ubiquitin-like protein required for the formation of autophagosomal membranes. The transient conjugation of Atg8 to the autophagosomal membrane through a ubiquitin-like conjugation system is essential for autophagy in eukaryotes. Even though there are homologues in animals,this article mainly focuses on its role in lower eukaryotes such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
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Juanita L. Merchant is an American gastroenterologist and physiology researcher who has contributed to understanding of gastric response to chronic inflammation. She is currently the chief of the University of Arizona Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. Merchant was elected to the National Academy of Medicine in 2008,and appointed an inaugural member of the NIH Council of Councils.
Lorenzo Galluzzi is an Italian and French cell biologist best known for his experimental and conceptual contributions to the fields of cell death,autophagy,tumor metabolism and tumor immunology.
Katherine Whittaker Ferrara is an American engineer who is a professor of radiology at Stanford University. Ferrara has been elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science,Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering.
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Raymond L. Rodriguez is an American professor of biology,specializing in molecular biology,genomics and biotechnology. His current research interests include diet-genome interactions,plant-made pharmaceuticals and the food/brain axis. Rodriguez is also an inventor,and entrepreneur. His research at the University of California,San Francisco in the 1970’s helped lay the foundation for the biotechnology industry. He also holds several issued US patents. He is involved in programs that promote diversity,equity and inclusion for women and underrepresented minorities in science,technology,engineering,and mathematics (STEM) disciplines.
Jan Karlseder is an Austrian molecular biologist,a professor in the Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory,the Director of the Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research and the holder of the Donald and Darlene Shiley Chair at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies.
Zhimin (James) Lu is a Chinese-American biologist and oncologist. He is a professor,Kuancheng Wang Distinguished Chair,and Dean of Institute of Translational Medicine at Zhejiang University. Prior to joining Zhejiang University in 2019,he was the Ruby E. Rutherford Distinguished Professor and the director of Cancer Metabolism Program at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.
Denise Johnson Montell is an American biologist who is the Duggan Professor of Molecular,Cellular,and Developmental Biology at the University of California,Santa Barbara. Her research considers the oogenesis process in Drosophila and border cell migration. She has served as President of the Genetics Society of America and was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2021.
Eileen White is an American professor and scientist who currently serves as deputy director,chief scientific officer,and associate director for basic science at the Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey. She is also the distinguished professor of molecular biology and biochemistry at Rutgers University. White was elected member of the National Academy of Sciences in 2021.
References
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- ↑ Short, B. (2010). "Daniel Klionsky: A full plate for autophagy". The Journal of Cell Biology. 189 (1): 8–9. doi:10.1083/jcb.1891pi. PMC 2854386 . PMID 20368614.
- ↑ "Daniel Klionsky '80". sites.lifesci.ucla.edu. Retrieved May 10, 2021.
- ↑ Fell, Andy (May 23, 1996). "Researchers Create a 'Superyeast'". ucdavis.edu. Retrieved May 10, 2021.
- ↑ "DANIEL J. KLIONSKY". gf.org. Retrieved May 10, 2021.
- ↑ Rockwell, Susanne (April 16, 1997). "Two UC Davis Professors Receive Prestigious Guggenheim Fellowships". ucdavis.edu. Retrieved May 10, 2021.
- ↑ "2003 Director's Award for Distinguished Teaching Scholars Awardees". nsf.gov. May 1, 2003. Retrieved May 10, 2021.
- 1 2 "LSI faculty member Daniel Klionsky receives Distinguished Faculty Achievement Award". lsi.umich.edu. October 9, 2017. Retrieved May 10, 2021.
- ↑ "Thomson Reuters Predicts 2013 Nobel Laureates". prnewswire.com. September 25, 2013. Retrieved May 10, 2021.
- ↑ "Daniel Klionsky wins van Deenen Medal". lsi.umich.edu. October 30, 2015. Retrieved May 10, 2021.
- ↑ "U-M's Daniel Klionsky elected as American Academy of Arts & Sciences fellow". news.umich.edu. April 17, 2019. Retrieved May 10, 2021.
- ↑ "Daniel J. Klionsky, docteur Honoris Causa". u-bordeaux.fr (in French). October 9, 2019. Retrieved May 10, 2021.
- ↑ Delorme-Axforda, Elizabeth; Klionsky, Daniel J. (2020). "Highlights in the fight against COVID-19: does autophagy play a role in SARS-CoV-2 infection?". Autophagy . 16 (12): 2123–2127. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1844940 . PMC 7651184 . PMID 33153403.
- ↑ Habibzadeh, Parham; Dastsooz, Hassan; Eshraghi, Mehdi; Łos, Marek J.; Klionsky, Daniel J.; Ghavami, Saeid (2021). "Autophagy: The Potential Link between SARS-CoV-2 and Cancer". Cancers. 13 (22): 5721. doi: 10.3390/cancers13225721 . PMC 8616402 . PMID 34830876.
