Mir Qamar-ud-din Khan Siddiqi also known as Chin Qilich Qamaruddin Khan,Nizam-ul-Mulk,Asaf Jah and Nizam I,was the first Nizam of Hyderabad. He was married to the daughter of a Syed nobleman of Gulbarga. He began his career as a favourite of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb,who made him a general. Following the death of Aurangzeb in 1707,Asaf Jah refused to favour any one of Aurangzeb's warring sons and as such remained neutral. When Aurangzeb's third son Bahadur Shah ultimately emerged victorious,Asaf Jah was rotated as governor of multiple Mughal provinces until 1714,when he was created Viceroy of the Deccan with authority over six Mughal provinces in southern India from 1714 to 1719. From 1719 onwards he was involved in combating the intrigues of the Sayyid Brothers. From 1720 to 1722 he helped the new Mughal emperor Muhammad Shah eliminate the Sayyed brothers and was rewarded by being elevated to the grand viziership from 1722 to 1724. He also engaged in military conflict against Bajirao I in Battle of Palkhed and Battle of Bhopal.
Mirza Mu'izz-ud-Din Beg Muhammad Khan,better known by his title Jahandar Shah,was briefly the ninth Mughal emperor from 1712 to 1713. He was the son of emperor Bahadur Shah I,and the grandson of emperor Aurangzeb.
Mirza Muhammad Mu'azzam,commonly known as Bahadur Shah I and Shah Alam I,was the eighth Mughal Emperor from 1707 to 1712. He was the second son of the sixth Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb,who he conspired to overthrow in his youth. He was also governor of the imperial provinces of Agra,Kabul and Lahore and had to face revolts of Rajputs and Sikhs.
Mirza Abu'l Fayaz Qutb-ud-Din Mohammad Azam,commonly known as Azam Shah,was briefly the seventh Mughal emperor from 14 March to 20 June 1707. He was the third son of the sixth Mughal emperor Aurangzeb and his chief consort Dilras Banu Begum.
Farrukhsiyar,also spelled as Farrukh Siyar,was the tenth Mughal Emperor from 1713 to 1719. He rose to the throne after deposing his uncle Jahandar Shah. He was an emperor only in name,with all effective power in the hands of the courtier Sayyid brothers.
Gingee,also known as Senji or Jinji and originally called Singapuri,is a panchayat town in Viluppuram district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Gingee is located between three hills covering a perimeter of 3 km,and lies west of the Sankaraparani River.
The Deccan wars were a series of military conflicts between the Mughal Empire and the descendants of the Maratha ruler Shivaji from the time of Shivaji's death in 1680 until the death of Emperor Aurangzeb in 1707. Shivaji was a central figure in what has been called "the Maratha insurgency" against the Mughal state. Both he and his son,Sambhaji,or Shambuji,typically,alternated between rebellion against the Mughal state and service to the Mughal sovereign in an official capacity. It was common practice in late 17th-century India for members of a ruling family of a small principality to both collaborate with the Mughals and rebel.
The Sayyid brothers refers to Syed Hassan Ali Khan Barha and Syed Hussain Ali Khan,who were two powerful nobles during the decline of the Mughal Empire.
Muhammad Ismail,known by his title Zulfiqar Khan,was a leading noble and military general of the Mughal Empire. His father was Asad Khan,wazir to Mughal emperor Aurangzeb. During Aurangzeb's reign,Zulfiqar Khan led several military campaigns in pursuit of the emperor's ambitions in the Deccan and South India,notable of which is the Siege of Jinji. He held the post of mir bakhshi,appointed towards the later part of Aurangzeb's reign,and was made governor of the Deccan by emperor Bahadur Shah I. These positions helped make Zulfiqar Khan the most powerful noble in the empire by the early 1700s.
Mir Shihab-ud-Din Siddiqi,known by his title Ghaziuddin Khan,was a leading military general and noble of Central Asian origin in the Mughal Empire. He was a favoured member of emperor Aurangzeb's court,and the father of Chin Qilich Khan,founder of Hyderabad State. Under Aurangzeb,he distinguished himself in key battles over the Deccan,and held the governorship of Berar Subah. He briefly served as the governor of Mughal Gujarat during the reign of Aurangzeb's successor Bahadur Shah,and died in office. He is buried in a madrasa complex he founded during his lifetime,known as Madrasa Ghaziuddin Khan,which is located in Old Delhi.
The siege of Bijapur began in March 1685 and ended in September 1686 with a Mughal victory. The siege began when Aurangzeb dispatched his son,Muhammad Azam Shah,with a force of nearly 50,000 men to capture Bijapur Fort and defeat Sikandar Adil Shah,the then ruler of Bijapur,who refused to be a vassal of the Mughal Empire. The siege of Bijapur was among the longest military engagements of the Mughals,lasting more than 15 months until Aurangzeb personally arrived to organize a victory.
The siege of Jinji,,began when the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb appointed Zulfiqar Ali Khan as the Nawab of the Carnatic and dispatched him to besiege and capture Jinji Fort,which had been sacked and captured by Maratha Empire troops led by Rajaram,they had also ambushed and killed about 300 Mughal Sowars in the Carnatic. The Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb then ordered Ghazi ud-Din Khan Feroze Jung I to protect the supply routes leading to Jinji Fort and to support and provide reinforcements to Zulfiqar Ali Khan when needed.
Khan Dowran VII,was an Mughal statesman and general in the eighteenth century. Originally Khwaja Asim,he was made Samsam ud-Daula Khan-i Dauran and was the Mir Bakshi and Amir-ul-Umara. He was the head of all the imperial nobility and the commander-in-chief of the Mughal army during the reign of Muhammad Shah,and served the Emperor until his death at the Battle of Karnal.
The Gujarat Subah was a province (subah) of the Mughal Empire,encompassing the Gujarat region. The region first fell under Mughal control in 1573,when the Mughal emperor Akbar defeated the Gujarat Sultanate under Muzaffar Shah III. Muzaffar tried to regain the Sultanate in 1584 but failed. Gujarat remained the Mughal province governed by the viceroys and officers appointed by the Mughal emperors from Delhi. Akbar's foster brother Mirza Aziz Kokaltash was appointed as the subahdar (viceroy) who strengthened Mughal hold over the region. The nobles of former Sultanate continued to resist and rebel during the reign of the next emperor Jahangir (1605–1627) but Kokaltash and his successor subahdars subdued them. Jehangir also permitted the British East India Company to establish factories in Surat and elsewhere in Gujarat. The next emperor Shah Jahan (1627–1658) expanded his territories in south and his subahdars made hold over Kathiawar peninsula including Nawanagar. Shah Jahan had also appointed his prince Aurangzeb,who was involved in religious disputes,prince Dara Shikoh and later prince Murad Bakhsh as subahdars. Following battle of succession,Aurangzeb (1658–1707) came to the Mughal throne and his policies resulted in revolts and discontent. During his reign,the Marathas under Shivaji raided Surat (1666) and their incursions in Gujarat started. Till then Gujarat prospered due to political stability,peace and growing international trade.
Mubariz Khan was the Mughal governor of Gujarat and Hyderabad Subah. He was the governor of Golconda from 1713 to 1724 until he was killed during the Battle of Shakar Kheda where he fought against Nizam-ul-Mulk,Asaf Jah I. His is known to have ruled Golconda with a free hand and brought it under stable rule from constant Maratha Raids to extract Chauth. He is generally described as a proto-dynastic figure by John F. Richards.
Asad Khan,born Muhammad Ibrahim,was a high-ranking noble of the Mughal Empire during the reigns of Aurangzeb and Bahadur Shah. He is known for his tenure as the wazir of emperor Aurangzeb in the period 1676–1707,and was an important player in Mughal court politics.
Munim Khan II was the Grand Vizier of the Mughal Empire during the reign of Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah I.
Hyderabad Subah,also known as Golconda Subah,was a province of the Mughal Empire encompassing the eastern Deccan region of the Indian subcontinent. It was created in 1687,during the reign of Mughal emperor Aurangzeb,by the annexation of the Golconda Sultanate. It later began to secede in the 18th century as the Mughal Empire declined and became fully independent as part of the Nizam-administered Deccan.
Rustam Dil Khan was a noble of the Mughal Empire during the reign of emperor Aurangzeb. His activities were centred around the Mughal province of Hyderabad Subah,which he administered as deputy subahdar (governor) for most of his official career. He was killed by prince Kam Bakhsh during the war of succession after Aurangzeb's death,as the prince attempted a bid for independent rule in the Deccan. He is buried in the Kali Masjid,a mosque he built in the city of Hyderabad.
The Maratha-Nizam War (1720–1819) was a series of military conflicts between the Maratha Empire and the Nizam of Hyderabad,spanning nearly a century. These conflicts arose primarily from the Marathas' imposition of Chauth,a form of tribute,on the Nizam's dominions,leading to tensions and subsequent hostilities between the two powers. The Nizam's response to the Maratha demands sparked a series of clashes and wars aimed at resisting Maratha encroachment and asserting territorial sovereignty.
