Article One of the United States Constitution establishes the legislative branch of the federal government,the United States Congress. Under Article One,Congress is a bicameral legislature consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate. Article One grants Congress various enumerated powers and the ability to pass laws "necessary and proper" to carry out those powers. Article One also establishes the procedures for passing a bill and places various limits on the powers of Congress and the states from abusing their powers.
The Twenty-fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution prohibits both Congress and the states from conditioning the right to vote in federal elections on payment of a poll tax or other types of tax. The amendment was proposed by Congress to the states on August 27,1962,and was ratified by the states on January 23,1964.
The Flag Desecration Amendment is a proposed addition to the Constitution of the United States that would allow the U.S. Congress to prohibit by statute and provide punishment for the physical "desecration" of the flag of the United States. The concept of flag desecration continues to provoke a heated debate over protecting a national symbol,preserving free speech,and upholding the liberty said to be represented by that national symbol. While the proposal has been passed by the two-thirds majority required in the House of Representatives several times,it has not passed the Senate by the same super-majority and has often not come to a vote in the Senate despite its introduction several times.
The Constitution of the State of Texas is the document that establishes the structure and function of the government of the U.S. state of Texas,and enumerates the basic rights of the citizens of Texas.
Granholm v. Heald,544 U.S. 460 (2005),was a court case decided by the Supreme Court of the United States in a 5–4 decision that ruled that laws in New York and Michigan that permitted in-state wineries to ship wine directly to consumers but prohibited out-of-state wineries from doing the same were unconstitutional. The case was unusual because the arguments centered on the rarely-invoked Twenty-First Amendment to the Constitution,ratified in 1933,which ended Prohibition in the United States.
The Tennessee Marriage Protection Amendment,also known as Tennessee Amendment 1 of 2006,is a state constitutional amendment banning same-sex unions. The referendum was approved by 81% of voters. It specified that only a marriage between a man and a woman could be legally recognized in the state of Tennessee. This prohibited same-sex marriages within the state,reinforcing previously existing statutes to the same effect until it was overturned by the Obergefell v. Hodges ruling in June 2015.
Coleman Alexander Young II is a former Democratic member of the Michigan Senate,who represented the 1st district,which includes the municipalities of Ecorse,Gibraltar,River Rouge,Riverview,Trenton,Woodhaven,Wyandotte and a portion of Detroit. He served as the vice chair of the Local Government and Elections Committee,General Government Appropriations Subcommittee,Judiciary Appropriations Subcommittee,Licensing And Regulatory Affairs Appropriations Subcommittee and Transportation Appropriations Subcommittee. Young also sat on the Appropriations Committee and Insurance Committee. He previously served as the vice chair of the Outdoor Recreation and Tourism Committee and Reforms,Restructuring and Reinventing Committee,as well as having previously served on the Banking and Financial Institutions Committee,Education Committee and Energy and Technology Committee. From 2011 to 2014,Young served as the Senate Assistant Minority Caucus Chair and also served as the Senate Assistant Minority Floor Leader.
Leon Drolet is a Michigan Republican politician and elected Macomb County Commissioner. He is a political activist known for his conservative fiscal views,which have caused criticism from politicians from both sides,including Candace Miller,L. Brooks Patterson and Mark Hackel. From 2001 to 2006 Drolet served in the Michigan House of Representatives. Drolet also served as a Macomb County,Michigan county commissioner from 1999 to 2000 and from 2006 to 2008. Drolet was active in the Southeast Michigan Tea Party Movement.
In the United States,increased restrictions and labeling of cannabis as a poison began in many states from 1906 onward,and outright prohibitions began in the 1920s. By the mid-1930s cannabis was regulated as a drug in every state,including 35 states that adopted the Uniform State Narcotic Drug Act. The first national regulation was the Marihuana Tax Act of 1937.
The Affordable Health Care for America Act was a bill that was crafted by the United States House of Representatives of the 111th United States Congress on October 29,2009. The bill was sponsored by Representative Charles Rangel. At the encouragement of the Obama administration,the 111th Congress devoted much of its time to enacting reform of the United States' health care system. Known as the "House bill,”HR 3962 was the House of Representatives' chief legislative proposal during the health reform debate.
Justin Amash is an American lawyer and politician who served as the U.S. representative for Michigan's 3rd congressional district from 2011 to 2021. Originally a Republican,Amash joined the Libertarian Party in April 2020,becoming the party's first member of Congress.
Lesbian,gay,bisexual,and transgender (LGBT) persons in the U.S. state of Colorado enjoy the same rights as non-LGBT people. Same-sex sexual activity has been legal in Colorado since 1972. Same-sex marriage has been recognized since October 2014,and the state enacted civil unions in 2013,which provide some of the rights and benefits of marriage. State law also prohibits discrimination on account of sexual orientation and gender identity in employment,housing and public accommodations and the use of conversion therapy on minors. In July 2020,Colorado became the 11th US state to abolish the gay panic defense.
Gun laws in Missouri regulate the sale,possession and use of firearms and ammunition in the state of Missouri in the United States.
Raymond Wesley Rodrigues is a Republican member of the Florida Senate,representing parts of Lee County since 2020. Previously,he served four terms in the Florida House of Representatives,representing southern and coastal Lee County from 2012 to 2020. His campaign website describes him as conservative.
Jeff Irwin is an American activist,progressive and politician serving as a member of the Michigan Senate. A member of the Democratic Party,he served on the Washtenaw County Board of Commissioners from 1999 to 2010,and in the Michigan House of Representatives from 2011 to 2017.
Same-sex marriage in Idaho has been legally recognized since October 15,2014. In May 2014,the U.S. District Court for the District of Idaho in the case of Latta v. Otter found Idaho's statutory and state constitutional bans on same-sex marriage unconstitutional,but enforcement of that ruling was stayed pending appeal. The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed that ruling on October 7,2014,though the U.S. Supreme Court issued a stay of the ruling,which was not lifted until October 15,2014.
Same-sex marriage in Tennessee has been legal since the U.S. Supreme Court ruling in Obergefell v. Hodges on June 26,2015. Governor Bill Haslam quickly announced that the state would abide by the court's decision,and same-sex couples began to marry in Tennessee. Previously,Tennessee had banned same-sex marriage both by statute and its State Constitution.
The Florida Medical Marijuana Legalization Initiative,also known as Amendment 2,was approved by voters in the Tuesday,November 8,2016,general election in the State of Florida. The bill required a super-majority vote to pass,with at least 60% of voters voting for support of a state constitutional amendment. Florida already had a medical marijuana law in place,but only for those who are terminally ill and with less than a year left to live. The goal of Amendment 2 is to alleviate those suffering from these medical conditions:cancer,epilepsy,glaucoma,positive status for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV),acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS),post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD),amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS),Crohn's disease,Parkinson's disease,multiple sclerosis,chronic nonmalignant pain caused by a qualifying medical condition or that originates from a qualified medical condition or other debilitating medical conditions comparable to those listed. Under Amendment 2,the medical marijuana will be given to the patient if the physician believes that the medical use of marijuana would likely outweigh the potential health risks for a patient. Smoking the medication was not allowed under a statute passed by the Florida State Legislature,however this ban was struck down by Leon County Circuit Court Judge Karen Gievers on May 25,2018.
Anti-BDS laws and resolutions oppose boycotts of Israel. The name comes from the BDS movement,which calls for boycotts,divestment and sanctions against Israel to pressure Israel to meet what it describes as Israel's obligations under international law. Anti-BDS laws are designed to make it difficult for people and organizations to participate in boycotts of Israel while anti-BDS resolutions are symbolic and non-binding parliamentary condemnations,either of boycotts of Israel or of BDS itself. Generally,such condemnations accuse BDS of being antisemitic and are often followed by laws targeting boycotts of Israel.
