| Dongnyeong Prefectures | |||||||
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| Chinese name | |||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 東寧府 | ||||||
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| Korean name | |||||||
| Hangul | 동녕부 | ||||||
| Hanja | 東寧府 | ||||||
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Dongnyeong Prefectures were administrative divisions of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty of China located in the northwest Korean Peninsula between 1259 and 1290. [1]
In October 1269,Choe Tan (Korean : 최탄; Hanja : 崔坦),Han Sin (한신;韓慎),Yi Yeon-nyeong (이연령;李延齡),Gye Mun-bi (계문비;桂文庇) and Hyeon Hyo-cheol (현효철;玄孝哲) rose in rebellion in order to exclude Im Yeon (임연;林衍),Military Leader of Goryeo,and surrendered to Yuan dynasty with 60 prefectures and cities in northwest part of Goryeo. [2] In following year,Yuan dynasty established Donggyeong prefecture at former west prefecture. Jabi Pass (자비령;慈悲嶺) as a border belonged to Liaoyang ministry nominated Choe Tan as a commander. [3]
In 1276,Donggyeong prefecture got promoted to Donggyeong circuit. [4] This promotion there was no description in Goryeosa. Also in the clause of August,1276 and February 1290,the description of Donggyeong prefecture can be seen. [5] It is inferred that Donggyeong circuit was renamed as Donggyeong prefecture shortly.
After this,the political relationship between Yuan dynasty and Goryeo was strengthen. In July 1290,Donggyeong prefecture was abolished and jurisdiction was transferred to Goryeo,ending the prefecture's 20 years of history. [6]
In Goryeosa,there were some records (New year's clause in 1364, [7] November's clause in 1369 [8] and new year's clause in 1370 [9] ) tells that Donggyeong prefecture was established in Yuan dynasty again. However,there were no descriptions about Donggyeong prefecture in China's records after 1290. In the end of Yuan dynasty,it suddenly appeared in Goryeosa. There are two hypotheses about this. One is that in 1290,Donggyeong prefecture was not abolished but transferred to Liaoyang area. And the other was that Donggyeong prefecture was abolished in 1290, [10] [11] but reestablished in Yuan dynasty in the period of confusion. [12]
Ch'oe Yŏng,also romanized as Choi Young,was a Korean general born in Hongseong or Cheorwon during the Goryeo period. He became a national hero after he put down Cho Il-sin's Rebellion. He also participated in the Red Turban Rebellions and later allied with the Ming dynasty to overthrow the Mongol Yuan dynasty. In his final years,General Ch'oe was betrayed and executed by his former subordinate Yi Sŏng-gye,who founded the Joseon dynasty of Korea,bringing an end to the Goryeo period.
Gongmin of Goryeo was 31st ruler of Goryeo from 1351 to 1374. He was the second son of King Chungsuk.
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The Protectorate-General to Pacify the East was an administrative division of the Chinese Tang dynasty in Manchuria and the northern part of the Korean Peninsula. It was established after the Tang dynasty defeated Goguryeo and annexed its territories. In the place of Baekje and Goguryeo,the Tang dynasty created the Protectorate General to Pacify the East and the Ungjin Commandery. A proposal to set up the Great Commandery of Gyerim by the Emperor Gaozong of Tang to King Munmu of Silla was refused.
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King Chungseon of Goryeo,born Wang Wŏn,later changed his name to Wang Chang,also known by his Mongolian name Ijir Bukhqa (益知禮普花),was the 26th ruler of the Goryeo dynasty of Korea. He reigned in 1298,and again from 1308 to 1313.
Goryeo under Mongol rule refers to the rule of the Mongol Empire and the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty over the Korean Peninsula from about 1270 to 1356. After the Mongol invasions of Korea and the capitulation of the Korean Goryeo dynasty in the 13th century,Goryeo became a semi-autonomous vassal state and compulsory ally of the Yuan dynasty for about 80 years. It has been referred to as a "son-in-law kingdom in the Mongol Empire." The ruling line of Goryeo,the House of Wang,was permitted to rule Korea as a vassal of the Yuan,which established the Branch Secretariat for Eastern Campaigns in Korea as an extension of Mongol supervision and political power. Members of the Goryeo royal family were taken to Khanbaliq,and typically married to spouses from the Yuan imperial clan,the House of Borjigin. As a result,princes who became monarchs of Goryeo during this period were effectively imperial sons in-law (khuregen). Yuan overlordship ended in the 1350s when the Yuan dynasty itself started to crumble and King Gongmin of Goryeo began to push the Yuan garrisons back.
Manchuria under Yuan rule refers to the Yuan dynasty's rule over Manchuria,corresponding to modern Manchuria and Outer Manchuria,from 1271 to 1368. Mongol rule over Manchuria was established after the Mongol Empire's conquest of the Jin dynasty and the Eastern Xia dynasty in the early 13th century. It became a part of the Yuan dynasty of China led by Kublai Khan in 1271. During the Yuan,it was administered as Liaoyang province. Even after the overthrow of the Yuan dynasty by the Ming dynasty in 1368,Manchuria was still controlled by the Northern Yuan dynasty for almost 20 years,until it was conquered by the Ming during its campaign against Naghachu and put under Ming rule.
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Princess Supreme Jeguk,also known as Queen Jangmok and Queen Mother Inmyeong was a Yuan imperial princess as the daughter of Kublai Khan and Chabi khatun. She became the first Goryeo queen consort from Yuan. She was the primary wife of Chungnyeol of Goryeo and the mother of his successor,Chungseon of Goryeo. Her personal name was Borjigin Qutlugh Kelmysh.
Queen Jeongsun of the Jeonju Kim clan or known as Queen Gyeongsun and formally called as Queen Dowager Sungyeong,was the first and primary wife of Wonjong of Goryeo who became the mother of his successor,Chungnyeol of Goryeo.
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Princess Bongnyeong,better known as Lady Wang,the Grand Consort was a Goryeo royal family member as the great-granddaughter of King Chungnyeol who became the wife of Prince Jeongwon and mother of King Gongyang.
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