Dorchester (Province of Canada electoral district)

This article is about the pre-Confederation electoral district. For the successor federal electoral district, see Dorchester (federal electoral district). For the successor provincial electoral district, see Dorchester (provincial electoral district).

Dorchester

Province of Canada electoral district
Defunct pre-Confederation electoral district
Legislature	Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada
District created	1841
District abolished	1867
First contested	1841
Last contested	1863

Dorchester was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly of the Parliament of the Province of Canada, in Canada East. It was created in 1841, by the merger of two previous electoral districts of the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada, Dorchester and Beauce. The new district was south of Quebec City, and was represented by one member in the Legislative Assembly.

In 1853, the Parliament of the Province of Canada expanded the size of the Legislative Assembly. Canada East's representation increased from forty-two members to sixty-five members. In the redistribution of seats, the Dorchester riding was split into two ridings, with the new electoral district of Beauce carved off from Dorchester. The new electoral map came into force for the next general elections, in 1854.

Dorchester electoral district was abolished in 1867, upon the creation of Canada and the province of Quebec.

Boundaries

1841 to 1854

The Union Act, 1840 , passed by the British Parliament, merged the two provinces of Upper Canada and Lower Canada into the Province of Canada, with a single Parliament. The separate parliaments of Lower Canada and Upper Canada were abolished. ^[1]

The Union Act provided that while many of the pre-existing electoral boundaries of Lower Canada and Upper Canada would continue to be used in the new Parliament, some electoral districts would be defined directly by the Union Act itself. ^[2] Dorchester was one of those new electoral districts. The Union Act merged two previous electoral districts, the County of Dorchester and the County of Beauce, to create a new district, also called Dorchester. ^[3]

Under the previous legislation, enacted in 1829, the former district of Dorchester had been based on the seigniory of Lauzon, on the south shore of the Saint Lawrence, near Lévis. ^[4]

The former district of Beauce had been immediately to the south east of the former district of Dorchester, and was defined as follows:

The County of Beauce shall be bounded on the north east by the County of Bellechasse, as above described, on the south west by part of the Seigniory of Saint Giles, by the Townships of Broughton, Tring and part of Shenley, to the south eastern boundary line of the Seigniory of Aubert Gallion, thence along the said south eastern boundary of the said last mentioned Seigniory of the River Chaudière thence southerly up the middle of the said River Chaudière and through the middle of the Lake Megantick, to the entrance of Arnold River, thence up the said River to the southern boundary of the Province, on the north west by the County of Dorchester, and on the south east by the southern boundary of the Province; which County so bounded, comprises the Seigniories of Jolliet, Saint Etienne, Sainte Marie, Saint Joseph, Vaudreuil, Aubert Gallion Aubin de l'Isle, the Townships of Frampton, Cranbourne, Watford, Jersey, Marlow, Rixborough, Spalding, Ditchfield and Woburn, and that part of Clinton, east of Arnold River. ^[4]

The effect of the Union Act provision was to merge those two sets of boundaries into one district. The Dorchester electoral district was thus south of Quebec City, between the Saint Lawrence and the border with the United States, in the current Chaudière-Appalaches administrative region.

1854 to 1867

In 1853, the Parliament of the Province of Canada expanded the Legislative Assembly. Canada East went from forty-two seats to sixty-five seats. As part of the redistribution of seats, Dorchester was split into two seats. The northern portion of the riding continued to be named Dorchester, while the southern portion was split into a new riding of Beauce. ^{[5] [6]}

The new boundaries for Dorchester were as follows:

10. The County of Dorchester shall be bounded on the north-east by the County of Bellechasse as above described, on the south-east by the province line until it meets the sources of the River Metgermette, on the south by the said River Metgermette as far as the Township of Linière, on the north-west by the north-eastern and northern line of the said Township of Linière, the south-western line of the Townships of Watford, Cranbourne and Frampton, the south-eastern limits of the Parish of Sainte Marguerite, and of the Parish of Sainte Hémédine [ sic ], the south-western limits of the said Parish of Sainte Hémédine [ sic ], the south-eastern and south-western limits of the Parish of Saint Isidore as far as the River Chaudière, and on the south-west of the said River Chaudière by the south-eastern, south-western and north-western limits of the parish of St. Bernard, and on the north-west by the said County of Lévis as above described ; the said County so bounded comprising the Parishes of Saint Anselme, Saint Isidore, Sainte Claire, Sainte Marguerite, Saint Bernard, Sainte Hémédine [ sic ], part of the Townships of Buckland and Metgermette, and the Townships of Frampton, Standon and its augmentation, Cranbourne, Ware and Watford. ^[6]

Members of the Legislative Assembly (1841–1867)

Dorchester was a single-member constituency, represented by one member in the Legislative Assembly. ^{[3] [7]}

The following were the members of the Legislative Assembly from Dorchester. The party affiliations are based on the biographies of individual members given by the National Assembly of Quebec, as well as votes in the Legislative Assembly. "Party" was a fluid concept, especially during the early years of the Province of Canada. ^{[8] [9] [10]}

Parliament	Member		Years in Office	Party
1st Parliament 1841–1844	Antoine-Charles Taschereau		1841–1844	Anti-unionist; French-Canadian Group
2nd Parliament of the Province of Canada 1844–1847	Pierre-Elzéar Taschereau [lower-alpha 1]		1844–1845	French-Canadian Group
	Joseph-André Taschereau [lower-alpha 2]		1845–1847 ( by-election )	"British" Tory
	François-Xavier Lemieux [lower-alpha 3]		1847	French-Canadian Group
3rd Parliament 1848–1851	François-Xavier Lemieux		1848–1851	French-Canadian Group
4th Parliament 1851–1854				Ministerialist
5th Parliament 1854–1857	Barthélemy Pouliot		1854–1857	Bleu
6th Parliament 1858–1861	Hector-Louis Langevin		1858–1867	Bleu
7th Parliament 1861–1863
8th Parliament 1863–1867				Confederation; Bleu

Notes

1. Died in office, July 25, 1845: Côté, Political Appointments and Elections, p. 60, note (62).
2. Elected in by-election, September 15, 1845; resigned seat on judicial appointment, May 22, 1847: Côté, Political Appointments and Elections, p. 60, note (62).
3. Elected in by-election July 12, 1847: Côté, Political Appointments and Elections, p. 60, note (62).

Abolition

The Dorchester riding was abolished on July 1, 1867, when the British North America Act, 1867 came into force, splitting the Province of Canada into Quebec and Ontario. ^[11] It was succeeded by electoral districts of the same name in the House of Commons of Canada ^[12] and the Legislative Assembly of Quebec. ^[13]

See also

• List of elections in the Province of Canada

References

1. Union Act, 1840, 3 & 4 Vict. (UK), c. 35, s. 2.
2. Union Act, 1840, ss. 16, 18.
3. Union Act, 1840, s. 19.
4. An Act to make a new and more convenient subdivision of the Province into Counties, for the purpose of effecting a more equal Representation thereof in the Assembly than heretofore, SLC 1829, c. 73, s. 1, paras. 7, 8.
5. Paul G. Cornell, Alignment of Political Groups in Canada, 1841–67, (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1962; reprinted in paperback 2015), p. 38.
6. An Act to enlarge the Representation of the People of this Province in Parliament , SProvC 1853, c. 152, s. 1(10).
7. An Act to enlarge the Representation of the People of this Province in Parliament, s. 3.
8. J.O. Côté, Political Appointments and Elections in the Province of Canada, 1841 to 1860 (Quebec: St. Michel and Darveau, 1860), pp. 43–58.
9. Québec Dictionary of Parliamentary Biography, from 1764 to the present.
10. Cornell, Alignment of Political Groups in Canada, 1841–67, pp. 93–111.
11. British North America Act, 1867 (now the Constitution Act, 1867), s. 6.
12. Constitution Act, 1867, s. 40, para. 2.
13. Constitution Act, 1867, s. 80.

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain :Statutes of Lower Canada, 13th Provincial Parliament, 2nd Session (1829), c. 74