Dorohoi County

Last updated
Județul Dorohoi
County (Județ)
Palatul Administrativ din Dorohoi.jpg
The Dorohoi County Prefecture building of the interwar period.
Interbelic Dorohoi County CoA.png
Coat of arms
Romania 1930 county Dorohoi.png
Country Flag of Romania.svg Romania
Historic region Moldavia
County seat (Reședință de județ) Dorohoi
Established1859
Ceased to exist Administrative reform of 1950
Area
 • Total
2,846 km2 (1,099 sq mi)
Population
 (1930)
 • Total
211,354
 • Density74/km2 (190/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST) UTC+3 (EEST)

Dorohoi County, with its seat at Dorohoi, was a subdivision of the Kingdom of Romania and located in the region of Moldavia.

Contents

Geography

The county was located in the northeastern part of Greater Romania, in the north-eastern extremity of the Moldavia region. Today the territory of the former county is split between Romania (north Botoșani County, with an area of 2,542 km2) and Ukraine (Hertsa region, with an area of 304 km2). It bordered northwest with Cernăuți County, to the north and east with Hotin County, south Botoşani County, southwest with Suceava County, and west with Rădăuți County.

Administrative organization

Map of the county, with the district arrangement in 1938. 1938 map of interwar county Dorohoi.jpg
Map of the county, with the district arrangement in 1938.

The county comprised five cities: Dorohoi, Darabani, Herța, Mihăileni and Săveni.

Administratively, Dorohoi County was originally divided into three districts ( plăși ): [1]

  1. Plasa Bașeu
  2. Plasa Herța
  3. Plasa Siret

Subsequently, two new districts were established:

  1. Plasa Centrală
  2. Plasa Lascăr

From 1941 to 1944, Dorohoi County was part of the Bukovina Governorate.

Population

According to the 1930 census data, the county population was 211,354 inhabitants, of which 92.1% were ethnic Romanians, 7.0% were ethnic Jews, as well as other minorities. From the religious point of view, 92.4% were Eastern Orthodox, 7.0% Jewish, 0.3% Roman Catholic, as well as other minorities.

Urban population

In 1930, the county's urban population was 43,707 inhabitants, 69.3% Romanians, 29.1% Jews, 0.6% Germans, as well as other minorities. In the urban area, languages were Romanian (71.1%), Yiddish (27.4%), German (0.6%), as well as other minorities. From the religious point of view, the urban population was composed of Eastern Orthodox (69.1%), Jewish (29.3%), Roman Catholic (0.9%), as well as other minorities.

Jewish Population

In 1941-1944, Dorohoi County, historically a part of the Old Kingdom of Romania, was officially/administratively a part of Bukovina. Almost all the Jews who lived in the town of Hertsa (1,204) and in the rest of the Hertsa area (14), which were under Soviet rule in 1940-1941 and in 1944-1991, on September 1, 1941, were deported to Transnistria by the Romanian authorities, where most of them died; only 450 were alive in December 1943, when the repatriation of the Jews to Dorohoi County by the Romanian authorities started, while about 800 Jews died. [2] The Romanian army and authorities killed 100 Jews on July 5, 1941, before the deportation to Transnistria. [3] For the entire Dorohoi County ("Judet"), a large majority of which remained in Romania, 6,425 Jews survived the deportations to Transnistria, while 5,131 died between September 6, 1940, and August 23, 1944, during the Antonescu dictatorship, overwhelmingly due to the deportations of 1941 and 1942. [4] After the November 1941 deportations of Jews from Dorohoi County (9,367 Jews) and June 1942 (360 Jews), excluding the Jews from the Herta area that had been under Soviet occupation, 2,316 Jews were not deported. [5] There is a list of about 3,000 Jews deported from Dorohoi. [6] At the end of 1943, 6,053 Jews deported from Dorohoi County (excluding a large majority of the Jews from the Hertsa area) were returned by the Romanian authorities to the county. [7]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Portretul României Interbelice - Județul Dorohoi
  2. ↑ See "Gertsa", by Andrei Corbea-Hoisie, in The YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe, at https://encyclopedia.yivo.org/article/923 and Publikationstelle Wien, Die Bevölkerungzählung in Rumänien, 1941, Viena 1943.
  3. ↑ Julius S. Fisher, Transnistria, The Forgotten Cemetery (South Brunswick: Thomas Yoseloff, 1969), p. 35.
  4. ↑ See Jean Ancel, The History of the Holocaust in Romania (Lincoln, University of Nebraska Press and Jerusalem, Yad Vashem, 2011) p. 550, 558, on the number of survivors as of November 15, 1943, and "Situatie Numerica de evreii ucisi sub regimul de dictatura din Romania de la data de 6 decembrie 1940, pana la 23 august 1944, precum si acelor deportati in acelasi interval de timp si nereintorsi la domiciliu", in "Nota Ministerului Afacerilor Interne, Directia Generala a Politiei, Directia Politiei de Siguranta, Sectia Nationalitati Nr. 780-S din 6 Mai 1946 Catre M.A.S.", in Ion Calafeteanu, Nicolae Dinu and Teodor Gheorghe, Emigrarea Populatiei Evreiesti din Romania in 1940-1944, Culegere de Documente din Arhiva Ministerului Afaceror Externe al Romaniei (Bucuresti, Silex - Casa de Editura, Presa si IMpresariat S.R.L., Bucuresti, 1993), p. 246.
  5. ↑ See Jean Ancel, The History of the Holocaust in Romania (Lincoln, University of Nebraska Press and Jerusalem, Yad Vashem, 2011), p. 304-305.
  6. ↑ "Holocaust Survivors and Victims Database: LISTING OF C. 3000 JEWS FROM DOROHOI (IN SOUTHERN BUKOVINA) WHO WERE DEPORTED TO TRANSNISTRIA. (ID: 30435)".
  7. ↑ Jean Ancel, "Dorohoi", in Israel Gutman (editor in Chief), Encyclopedia of the Holocaust (New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1990), vol. 1, p. 401.

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