A citation index is a kind of bibliographic index, an index of citations between publications, allowing the user to easily establish which later documents cite which earlier documents. A form of citation index is first found in 12th-century Hebrew religious literature. Legal citation indexes are found in the 18th century and were made popular by citators such as Shepard's Citations (1873). In 1961, Eugene Garfield's Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) introduced the first citation index for papers published in academic journals, first the Science Citation Index (SCI), and later the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) and the Arts and Humanities Citation Index (AHCI). American Chemical Society converted its printed Chemical Abstract Service into internet-accessible SciFinder in 2008. The first automated citation indexing was done by CiteSeer in 1997 and was patented. Other sources for such data include Google Scholar, Microsoft Academic, Elsevier's Scopus, and the National Institutes of Health's iCite.
Scopus is an abstract and citation database launched by the academic publisher Elsevier in 2004.
Google Scholar is a freely accessible web search engine that indexes the full text or metadata of scholarly literature across an array of publishing formats and disciplines. Released in beta in November 2004, the Google Scholar index includes peer-reviewed online academic journals and books, conference papers, theses and dissertations, preprints, abstracts, technical reports, and other scholarly literature, including court opinions and patents.
Libertas Academica (LA) is an open access academic journal publisher specializing in the biological sciences and clinical medicine. It was acquired by SAGE Publications in September 2016.
Contributions to Indian Sociology is a triannual peer-reviewed academic journal covering sociology with an emphasis on South Asian societies and cultures. It was established in 1957 by Louis Dumont and David Francis Pocock. It is published by SAGE Publishing in association with the Institute of Economic Growth. The journal ceased publication in 1966. A new series commenced publication the next year at the initiative of Triloki Nath Madan, with volume numbering re-starting at 1. Published annually till 1974, it became a biannual publication in 1975. From 1999, it has been published thrice a year. The editor-in-chief is Rita Brara.
Biomarker Insights is a peer-reviewed open access academic journal focusing on biomarkers and their clinical applications. The journal aims to be a venue for rapid communications in the field. The journal was established in 2006 and was originally published by Libertas Academica. SAGE Publications became the publisher in September 2016. The editor in chief is Karen Pulford.
Cancer Informatics is a peer-reviewed open access medical journal focusing on the application of computational biology to cancer research. It was established in 2005 and was originally published by Libertas Academica. SAGE Publications became the publisher in September 2016. The editor in chief is J. T. Efird.
Evolutionary Bioinformatics is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal focusing on computational biology in the study of evolution. The journal was established in 2005 by Allen Rodrigo and is currently edited by Dennis Wall. It was originally published by Libertas Academica, but Sage Publishing became the publisher in September 2016.
Clinical Medicine Insights: Oncology is a peer-reviewed open access academic journal focusing on clinical applications of oncology. The journal was founded in 2007, and was originally published by Libertas Academica, but SAGE Publications became the publisher in September 2016. The editor in chief is William Chi-shing Cho.
Bioinformatics and Biology Insights is a peer-reviewed open access academic journal focusing on the application of bioinformatics to biological research. The journal was originally published by Libertas Academica, but SAGE Publications became the publisher in September 2016. The journal is edited by Erich Bornberg-Bauer.
Data & Knowledge Engineering is a monthly peer-reviewed academic journal in the area of database systems and knowledge base systems. It is published by Elsevier and was established in 1985. The editor-in-chief is P.P. Chen.
The Journal of Contemporary History is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering the study of history in all parts of the world since 1930. It was established in 1966 by Walter Laqueur and George L. Mosse. Originally published by Weidenfeld & Nicolson it was purchased by SAGE Publications in 1972. The editors-in-chief are Richard J. Evans and Mary C. Neuburger.
Autism is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering research on autism. It is published eight times a year by SAGE Publications in association with the National Autistic Society. The journal was established in 1997 and the editor-in-chief is Sue Fletcher-Watson.
Language Testing is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering language testing and assessment. Its editors-in-chief are Talia Isaacs and Xun Yan. It was established in 1984 and is published by SAGE Publications.
The Journal of Management Inquiry is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes papers in the field of management with an emphasis on qualitative research, inductive reasoning and "non-traditional" research, and thought-provoking articles meant to generate academic conversations in their field. The journal's editors-in-chief are Richard W. Stackman and Pablo Martin De Holan. It was established in 1992 and is currently published by SAGE Publications. It is the official journal of the Western Academy of Management, an independent affiliate of the Academy of Management.
Games and Culture is a peer-reviewed academic journal that covers the field of culture and media studies, specializing on the socio-cultural, political, and economic dimensions of gaming. The editor-in-chief is Tanya Krzywinska. It was established in 2006 and is published by SAGE Publishing.
The Journal of Political Ecology is an annual open access peer-reviewed academic journal covering political ecology. It was established in 1994 as one of the first open access journals in the social sciences, by James B. Greenberg and Thomas K. Park, to experiment with online formats and to showcase new work in the emerging field of political ecology. The current editors-in-chief are Simon Batterbury, Casey Walsh, Judith Krauss and Jens Friis Lund. There is an international editorial board.
Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine is a peer-reviewed open-access medical journal covering emergency medicine. It was originally established as Emergency in 2013, changing to the current name in 2019, and is published by Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. The journal has been ranked as a Q1 journal in the SCImago journal ranking since 2021. It has also received an impact factor of 5.4 for the first time in the 2023 Journal Citation Reports (JCR) release for the articles published in 2022, making it a Q1 journal. Based on 2022 Journal Impact Factors, the journal was ranked first in Asia and fifth worldwide among journals published in the field of emergency medicine. It ranked fourth worldwide when considering Journal Impact Factors without self-citations.
Power and Education is a triannual peer-reviewed academic journal covering educational practice and research. It was established in 2009 and is published by SAGE Publishing. The editor-in-chief is Dean Garrett.
Multilingua, Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal in linguistics, specializing in the sociolinguistics of multilingualism, language learning, intercultural communication, and translation and interpreting. The journal was established in 1982 and is published by de Gruyter Mouton.
